Nonbinary Wiki - User contributions [en]

Clothing

2024-02-20T18:22:05Z

Forkprong: i made female a link next to the link for male

{{featured article}}
<languages/>
<translate>
People often use '''clothing''' as a way of communicating without words, to tell others what kind of person they are. However, because [[gender identity]] is different than [[gender expression]], a person's gender identity may or may not correlate with how they wear their hair or clothes. For example, if someone likes to wear clothes from the women's wear department, or feminine accessories, that doesn't necessarily mean that they identify as a [[female|woman]]. There is no set style or guidelines for [[nonbinary]] presentation due to the diversity of identities encompassed within these terms. Clothing links and descriptions may be identity-specific as well as subject to variation by the individual. For example, a person identifying as an [[androgyne]] may not necessarily wish to [[Nonbinary#Nonbinary_presentation_and_expression|present]] as [[androgyny|androgynous]]. Some nonbinary people like clothes that don't give any [[female]] or [[male]] markers (gender-neutral fashion). Other nonbinary people like clothes that mix female and male markers (mixed-gender fashion). Yet other nonbinary people wear clothes that are very similar to either conventional women's wear or conventional men's wear.


'''A note on language:''' Although some nonbinary-friendly talk tries not to use this kind of language, this article has to use the phrases "women's wear" and "men's wear" in order to talk about the characteristics of these categories as they are usually sold.

==Advice for anyone== 


Some fashion advice has useful application for people of any gender expression, gender identity, or [[gender assigned at birth]]. For example, how to choose clothes that fit well, and that flatter one's figure. For transgender and nonbinary people, the cost of making a change to one's wardrobe can be big. It shouldn't be the biggest cost, so one needs to think about how to make it affordable. This includes how to make a budget, catalog one's wardrobe, plan a minimalist wardrobe, shop cheaply and wisely in second-hand, and easy ways to modify and repair clothes.


'''External links'''


* Pinterest board: [https://web.archive.org/web/20210427040418/https://www.pinterest.com/frameacloud/frugal-fashion-tips/ Frugal fashion tips]
* Pinterest board: [https://web.archive.org/web/20230719083843/https://www.pinterest.ca/frameacloud/fashion-advice-for-all-genders/ Fashion advice for all genders], on topics such as fit and color.

==Gender-neutral fashion== 


Also called "unisex" or "androgynous" fashion, the gender-neutral aesthetic is about avoiding female/feminine markers ''and'' male/masculine markers. A person of any gender can use anything from this aesthetic without looking like they are mixing gender markers. The challenge is that some clothing is thought to be gender-neutral, and is closer to that category than anything, but would still look just a little bit out of place if it was in the men's wear section. Because Western culture to a significant degree sees male and masculine as default or unmarked, and because the rules of men's wear are arguably stricter than women's, men's wear tends to unavoidably get (mis)used as gender-neutral. Nonetheless, it is still possible to avoid some explicit masculine markers while pursuing a gender-neutral look.


'''Elements of fashion that are gender-neutral:'''


* '''Colors and patterns.''' Neutral colors are gender-neutral: white, black, gray, and brown. Most other colors are fine, as well, but avoid colors that are feminine markers, such as pink, purple, magenta, and pastels. Avoid decorations that could be seen as feminine or masculine markers. As a result, a gender-neutral outfit can end up looking practical, austere, or utilitarian.
* '''Tops.''' "Men's" hoodie sweatshirts. Some sweaters, depending on the cut. Button-down shirts. Tank tops. Leather or denim jackets. Business blazers. T-shirts are cut differently for men's wear and women's wear, but they wear them interchangeably.
* '''Bottoms.''' Jeans. Overalls. Jumpsuits. Shorts aren't gender-neutral, since they're cut much longer in "men's wear."
* '''Footwear.''' Sneakers, in particular Converse Allstar. Some styles of boots.
* '''Hair and headwear.''' Newsboy caps, although this is debatable.
* '''Accessories.''' Gender-neutral neckwear: neckerchiefs, winter scarves, short hemp necklaces. Jewelry: hemp wish bracelets. Gender-neutral bags include briefcases, messenger bags, laptop bags, bum bags, backpacks, and large tote bags.


'''External links'''


* This Pinterest board, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230719083853/https://www.pinterest.ca/frameacloud/gender-neutral-expression-in-clothing/ Gender-neutral expression in clothing], has a collection of pictures of gender-neutral fashion.

==Mixed-gender fashion== 


The [[LGBT]] community often calls this "genderfuck," although some give it a gentler name, such as "genderplay."<ref>Raphael Carter, "Angel's Dictionary." 1996-07-14. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050308185631/http://www.chaparraltree.com/raq/angels.shtml]</ref> In clothing, this gender expression combines traits from that which is conventionally considered "women's wear" with "men's wear," though the wearer can identify as any gender. (Gender expression isn't the same as gender identity.)


'''Some ways to make this mixture:'''


* '''Adding one accessory from a different gender expression.''' For example, an outfit that is conventional "men's wear," except for shoes (particularly heels), jewelry, bags, or tights from "women's wear." It can also mean a conventional "women's wear" outfit with the addition of a tie or practical shoes. Since it's only one accessory, the effect can be striking or subtle. This is a good option for people who want to experiment with mixed gender fashion. If a place seems unfriendly, and one feels unsafe, one needs only remove the accessory.
* '''Adding one clothing article from a different expression.''' For example, a skirt.
* '''Dividing the outfit between a conventionally feminine half and masculine half.''' This isn't everyday wear, and is usually only done in events such as stage performances, religious rituals, and weddings. The division may be vertical, in which case two tops may be folded up and pinned together, so the garments need not get cut up. The division may also be horizontal. In that case, the outfit may be a masculine hat and top, worn with a skirt and heels.
* '''Combining aspects of personal grooming from more than one gender expression.''' For example, wearing both eye makeup and facial hair. To popular perception, some outfits are made mixed-gender by the mere presence of either makeup or facial hair with an outfit that is otherwise conventional "women's wear" or "men's wear." (Note, though, that about 40% of cisgender women have facial hair,<ref>Julie Bindel, "Women: embrace your facial hair!" ''The Guardian.'' August 20, 2010. [http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/aug/20/women-facial-hair http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/aug/20/women-facial-hair] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221126214239/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/aug/20/women-facial-hair Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> so society has only arbitrarily decided that this is not a feminine marker.)
* '''Combining the form of one gender expression with the color, pattern, or texture of another.''' For example, redesigning an otherwise masculine article-- such as a rugged hiking boot, business suit, or even just a tie-- so that it has feminine markers such as pastels, florals, or cut-outs.


'''External links'''


* This Pinterest board, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230719083845/https://www.pinterest.ca/frameacloud/mixed-gender-expression-in-clothing/ Mixed gender expression in clothing], has pictures and descriptions of many ways to make this kind of look.

==Masculine fashion== 


Some fashion is conventionally considered "men's wear," though the wearer need not identify as a man. For the reasons described above, much of gender-neutral and unisex fashion ends up being conventional men's wear. Also, some people who call themselves [[butch]] call it a strictly [[MOGII]] nonbinary gender identity, which is strongly linked with a masculine gender expression. One variation on butch gender expression is soft butch.


In order to make men's wear fit well on their bodies, some wearers [[binding|bind]] and/or [[packing|pack]].


'''External links'''
* This Pinterest board, [https://www.pinterest.com/frameacloud/masculine-gender-expression-in-clothing/ Masculine gender expression in clothing], has pictures and advice about masculine fashion for people of all genders.
*[http://www.dapperq.com/ dapperQ: Transgressing men's fashion]. A magazine. "dapperQ is the primer style and empowerment website for masculine presenting women and trans-identified individuals. Dubbed GQ for the 'unconventionally masculine,' dapperQ was among the first digital spaces to champion 'menswear' for those traditionally under-served by mainstream menswear media and designers."
*[http://marimachobk.com/ Marimacho]. A retailer. "Marimacho is a masculine clothing line for cis women and transmasculine bodies...we offer cis women, trans men and gender [variant] folks the same standards of fit and style available in mainstream menswear." Some retailers and other resources of masculine fashion specifically aren't for cisgender men.
*[http://www.saintharridan.com/ Saint Harridan]. A retailer. A lesbian-run store specializing in suits that have been adapted to better fit people who were [[Sexes#Assigned female at birth|assigned female at birth (AFAB)]].
*[http://tomboytailors.com/ Tomboy Tailors] (site temporarily down). A retailer and tailor, specializing in men's wear tailored for AFAB people.

===Butch=== 


There are some differences between conventional men's fashion and [[butch]] fashion. Although butch expression is masculine, it doesn't follow or even subverts the rules of conventional men's wear, and has ways of flagging [[MOGII]] identity. Some transgender men-- and people of other genders who intend to pass as men-- are surprised to find that what they thought was masculine attire turned out to instead be butch. As a result of their butch attire, people tended to see them as masculine women rather than as men. Gabriel's web-site [http://ftmguide.rassaku.net/ The FTM's Complete Illustrated Guide To Looking Like A Hot Dude] talks about some of these differences.

==Dandy== 


Called dandy, dapper, and so on, depending on the particular fashion movement and time period. Although this style uses the structure of men's wear, it has an overdressed, ornate quality, sometimes using traits more common in feminine fashion, so it is often called effeminate. Remember, the wearer can have any gender identity. When fancy masculine wear has been considered "men's wear," they've been considered dandies. When seen as "women's wear," it is often "men's wear" that has been slightly modified with decorative touches more characteristic of "women's wear," such as that seen on businesswomen in the 1980s. Either way, the style is much the same for women and men, so this is arguably a unisex fashion.


This style is popular in the butch lesbian and [[genderqueer]] communities alike, who call it dandy or dapper. The main trait of that style is that they wear a bow-tie, which is less commonly worn in conventional men's wear.


'''External links.'''
* This Pinterest board, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230719083846/https://www.pinterest.ca/frameacloud/dandy-gender-expression-in-clothing/ Dandy gender expression in clothing], shows pictures of many outfits and clothing articles of this style.
* See also the links for the masculine section, above.

==Feminine fashion== 


Some nonbinary people adopt conventional women's wear as a political statement, to challenge the idea that androgyny and gender-neutrality looks masculine. Also note that some people who call themselves [[femme]] say it is a MOGII nonbinary gender identity, which is strongly linked with a feminine gender expression. Some MOGII variations on feminine gender expression are high femme, low femme, and hard femme.


In order to make women's wear fit well on their bodies, some wearers pad and/or tuck.


'''External links'''
* This Pinterest board, [https://www.pinterest.com/frameacloud/feminine-gender-expression-in-clothing/ Feminine gender expression in clothing], has pictures of ways to organize a minimalist wardrobe of feminine attire, and other fashion advice. {{dead link}}

===Femme=== 


There are some differences between conventional women's fashion and [[femme]] fashion. Although the latter is a feminine gender expression, and it uses conventional women's wear, it also involves rejecting conventions and flagging a MOGII identity.

==Difference between women's and men's wear== 


When people have a wardrobe of women's wear and men's wear, regardless of whether it's always like that or they are in the middle of a gender [[transition]], they discover many small differences between these kinds of fashion that they never noticed before. It's important to know about these, because some of these differences can make it difficult to mix clothing, or to pass as the gender that one intends. These differences can be summarized as creativity vs. conformity, beauty vs. practicality, and some other differences.


'''Creativity vs. conformity'''


Women's wear has more diversity of form, allowing for more creativity in personal expression. For example, the wild variety of different kinds of dresses, each with a dramatically different silhouette. Men's wear outfits look very similar to one another at a glance, with space for personal expression limited to tiny and subtle details. For example, the shape of lapels or color of tie. Men's wear can seem relatively drab and boring, but this simplicity and conformity is an intentional feature, in order to give the impression that one has good composure, and isn't trying to attract attention. Because this attitude is so appropriate for business settings, women's business suits have taken after this.


'''Beauty vs. practicality'''


Women's wear is constructed to flatter one's body shape, whereas men's wear is constructed to be practical. As a result, the bad side is that women's wear can be inconvenient. (The exception is in sport and camping gear, where women's wear often matches the practicality and durability of men's.) Some examples of this kind of difference:


* Men's wear often has big pockets. However, having and using pockets can make one's figure look bulky, and one's clothes look lumpy. Women's wear gives up pockets in order to make one's figure have smooth lines. Sometimes this means no pockets at all, or fake pockets. When women's wear has pockets at all, they're half or less the size of pockets in men's wear, and sometimes aren't usable. Because of this, people in women's wear carry their wallet, keys, and other things in handbags. People in men's wear carry their wallet, keys, and other things in their pockets, with no need for a handbag.


* Men's wear tends to have a thicker and warmer construction than the equivalent garments in women's wear. For example, men's sweaters are as warm as they need to be, even if that means they're bulky, but many sweaters for women are as thin as tissue paper. One easily gets too hot in men's, and too cold in women's. This may be part of why men's body language is expansive, spreading limbs out wide and gesturing outward, whereas women's body language is constrictive, keeping limbs close together and gesturing inward. It may be no coincidence that this is also exactly how people move when they are too hot or too cold, respectively.


* Men's wear has a durable construction, made to last for many years. Although there are some odd fads, generally men's wear has a classic look that is unlikely to go too far out of style within twenty years. In contrast, most women's wear is made to last only as long as the fashion season. Their construction and details look nice, but are too flimsy to last through many launderings. This is an intentional feature: it anticipates that the wearer won't want to keep wearing last season, makes way for new fashions, and sacrificing durability allows for more space to experiment with creative expression.


'''Other differences'''


* Women's wear and men's wear have buttons on opposite sides. There was a reason for this, once, but it hasn't been relevant for over a hundred years.
* Trouser sizes are labeled differently. Those for men are labeled with waist size and inseam. Those for women are labeled with a single number that isn't an actual measurement, and which no company uses the same as another.

==Fluid fashion== 


The ideal solution for the expression of [[genderfluid]] people would be fashion that is so flexible that it could be changed from a feminine, masculine, or neutral signifier at any time of the day, possibly without even needing the privacy of a restroom to change. Such clothing is rare, and would be fruitful for clothing designers to explore. List examples here.


* Some bags have their straps on clips. By fastening the straps differently, you can change the same bag from a handbag or shoulder bag to a backpack. For example, [http://www.bygoods.com/unique-fresh-multifunction-backpack-handbag.html this multifunction bag], or some bags made by [https://www.etsy.com/shop/vadenuevocr va.de.neuvo].
* Hats and caps are generally seen as gender-neutral, and if the wearer has hair that flows down to their shoulders, they can tuck their hair into their headwear for a more masculine appearance, and vice versa.


'''External links'''
* This Pinterest board, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230719083848/https://www.pinterest.ca/frameacloud/gender-fluid-expression-in-clothing/ Gender-fluid expression in clothing], has pictures of a few articles of clothing and accessories that could suit this style.

==See also== 


*[[Practical resources]]
*[[Transition]]
*[[Gender binary]]
*[[Gender expression]]
*[[Breast prostheses]]

==External Links== 


*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170727145646/http://genderplayful.com/ Genderplayful]
*[http://androstyle.tumblr.com/ androstyle Tumblr]
*[http://genderfork.com/category/recommendations/clothing/ Genderfork: Clothing Tag]
*[http://genderqueer.tumblr.com/tagged/fashion Genderqueer Tumblr: Fashion Tag]

==References== 
</translate>
<references/>

[[Category:Gender expression]] [[Category:Transition]]

Ethnicity and culture

2024-02-20T18:16:31Z

Forkprong: /* Tips for nonbinary people trying not to be racist */ i further fleshed out the reasons why racist jokes are cringe

'''Ethnicity and culture''' are socially defined categories of people who identify with each other because of their ancestors, society, religion, region, or other kinds of experience that they have in common with each other. This is part of how they think of who they are, and how they see themselves (or how they are seen by others) as different and separate from other groups.<ref>"Ethnic group." ''Wikipedia.'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230702232506/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_group Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> The shared background of ethnicity and culture are part of what gives shape to how a group of people think of [[gender roles]], and whether they give recognition to [[transgender]] and [[nonbinary]] gender identities. There are also some aspects of racism that specifically influence transgender and nonbinary people, or of which they need to have awareness.

==Gender roles unique to certain cultures and ethnic groups==

''See main article: [[Gender-variant identities worldwide]].''

The shared background of ethnicity and culture are part of what give shape to how a group of people think of [[gender roles]]. For example, how many gender roles to which they give recognition, what expectations they have for those roles, and how they let people into those roles. Some ethnic and cultural groups give recognition to certain gender roles that others don't.

==Racism and cultural discrimination==
There are several forms of racism and cultural discrimination that specifically influence [[transgender]] and [[nonbinary]] people, or of which they need to have awareness. These issues include cultural appropriation, binarism, and false comparison.

===Cultural appropriation===

Cultural appropriation is the act of taking things from another culture that belong only to that culture. Cultural appropriation is a mistake that nonbinary people themselves can make. There are many words for [[gender identity|gender identities]] and [[gender expression]]s that belong only to people of color, or only to a certain ethnicity or culture. People from other ethnicities and cultures aren't entitled to call themselves by those words, because they would be taking something that doesn't belong to them. For example, the gender/sexual identities of [[ag]] (aggressive) and [[Glossary_of_English_gender_and_sex_terminology#S|stud]] originated in Black and Latino/Hispanic culture<ref>{{cite news|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022063719/http://www.villagevoice.com/2007-04-03/nyc-life/girls-to-men/|archive-date=22 October 2008|date=3 April 2007|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2007-04-03/nyc-life/girls-to-men/|title=Girls to Men|last=Hilliard|first=Chloe A.|newspaper=The Village Voice}}</ref>, thus only those groups of people can call themselves by these words.

Cultural appropriation generally refers to a white person taking something that should only belong to people of color. However, it is still a problem for people of color to appropriate from the cultures of different groups of people. For example, a Black nonbinary person is not entitled to call themself Two-Spirit, as this identity can only be adopted by Native Americans. That case is still cultural appropriation.

Sometimes there is dispute about whether a word belongs only to a certain culture, and if so, to which. The word "boi" has many meanings in different groups, and there are currently people of all ethnic backgrounds who call themselves by that word. A person who studies language and tells people how they should talk (a prescriptivist linguist) may say the word should still only be used by Black people. A different kind of linguist, who documents how language is used, without telling people what to do (a descriptivist linguist), would have a different view. Another dispute is about the name and description of the nonbinary gender identity [[pangender]] ("pan" meaning all). Critics express the concern that this means that person also has all ethnic genders. Otherwise, such a person should only say they have "many genders," and call themself [[multigender]]. Supporters of the word "pangender" say that by "all genders," they only mean all the genders that they're entitled to, within their own ethnicity and culture.

People can do cultural appropriation by accident, not knowing or thinking enough about it. For example, a nonbinary person can easily make up the word "Two-Spirit" or "third gender" for themself, without knowing that these words already had another meaning. It could be an innocent coincidence. Once that person finds out, the right thing to do is to let go of those words, and take up different words for themself.

===Binarism===

''See main article: [[Binarism]].''

There are some kinds of discrimination that are both sexism and racism at the same time. [[Binarism]] is the common but wrong idea that there are only two genders, and this idea is expressed in a way that is a feature of colonialism and Western imperialism, which forces other cultures and people of color to conform within the white, Western [[gender binary]] system. Binarism is a form of [[sexism]] that erases [[gender-variant identities worldwide|ethnic nonbinary gender roles and identities]], such as Native American [[Two-Spirit]] and Samoan [[Fa'afafine]]. Binarism is also part of why the Western anthropologist's term [[third gender]] is now coming to be seen as offensive.

===False comparison===

When people try to talk about other kinds of discrimination than racism by comparing them to racism, this kind of comparison can be offensive. It is often a false comparison. It ignores some important differences between how racist discrimination happens, and how other kinds of discrimination happen. One well-known example of this comparison is Douglas Hofstadter's short satirical essay, "[http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~evans/cs655/readings/purity.html A Person Paper on Purity in Language]," about a fictional world in which racism is so pervasive that even personal titles and [[Pronouns#Racial pronouns|pronouns]] have long been based around race instead of gender. The essay is effective in its intention to show how pervasive [[sexism]] is in real life. However, despite the essay's best efforts, it still downplays how racism actually does pervade language and daily life, and therefore makes racism look as if it was a smaller problem than sexism.

==Tips for nonbinary people trying not to be racist==

,It's no help to say "I'm not racist," or "I didn't mean it in a racist way." Being non-racist is an active process, not a passive process that just happens in the absence of intentional racist acts. A person must work at being non-racist by doing research to inform one's self about the issues; when one makes mistakes, admit them, apologize, and do what one can to set things right. Here is some advice about how to be respectful about issues of ethnicity, culture, and racism that come up specifically in relation to nonbinary and transgender issues.

* If you want to take up a certain word for your gender identity, do research on it before you start using it for yourself. Learn all you can about the word's history. Find out if it's mostly or only used by people of certain ethnicities or cultures. If so, and you don't have that ethnicity or culture, then you are not entitled to use it. Don't use that word, and look for a different word to which you are entitled.
** You might find a controversy about whether people like you are entitled to the word, so you aren't sure if you can use it. If so, then give much thought to how you would feel about being seen as connected to that controversy, and how you would feel about often defending your use of it.
** If you wish you could take up for yourself a nonbinary gender identity label that is from and for a culture/ethnicity that you are not a part of, and you make up a new gender label that is very derivative of that one, that is still appropriation. For example, if a white person wished they could call themself Two-Spirit, which is for Native Americans only, it would still be appropriation if that person made and took up a label derivative of those, such as "three-spirit." <ref>http://gendersintensify.tumblr.com/post/80095478587/shitrichcollegekidssay-i-wanted-to-take-a {{dead link}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20180902184828/https://gendersintensify.tumblr.com/post/80095478587/shitrichcollegekidssay-i-wanted-to-take-a Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref>
* Don't compare sexism to racism. Find a way to get other people to understand about sexism, without making that one analogy.
* Be careful about how you talk about the genders of people from other cultures, or from long ago. Even though it might be hard to find out, do your best to show respect by using the words and views that those people would use for themselves. It might be wrong to call them by Western or modern words, such as transgender, nonbinary, or third gender. It also might be wrong to re-frame their gender from a Western, modern perspective, such as telling their life story in a way that makes it fit into the [[transgender narrative]]. That said, the language from their time and place may be seen as offensive in ours, so this needs to be handled carefully as well.
* If you make a collection of pictures or personal profiles of many nonbinary people, they should not all be white. This often happens in such collections. It gives an incomplete view of what nonbinary people are like.
* If you make spaces for nonbinary people, work hard to make those spaces safe for people of color. Some ways to do that:
** Have a zero-tolerance policy about not allowing any white supremacists into those spaces. Accepting bigots is the wrong way to do acceptance.
** Educate yourself about warning signs that someone might be a white supremacist, so you can expel them from the space before they do damage. Do research online to find out about some signs to watch for, especially some kinds of things they tend to say, and some symbols they wear to recognize one another.
** Educate yourself about how to recognize casual racism. Make sure your safe space for nonbinary people reprimands casual racism whenever it might happen, instead of staying silent about it.
** Don't allow racist jokes, which are never just jokes. It reinforces harmful racial stereotypes and legitimizes a system that causes real damage.
** Educate yourself about how to be aware and respectful of different cultural backgrounds of the people in that space. That means not lazily expecting those people to educate you, but doing your own research on your own time. Only ask them questions when research is no substitute for it. Don't expect them to speak for all of their people.
* Don't perpetuate binarism by talking about the gender binary as if it was always universal to all cultures. Don't take for granted that all cultures view gender in the same or similar way.
* In 2014, as part of the protest of police violence against African-Americans, Twitter users created the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter, to protest how the law system was treating them like their lives had no value. Soon, people created other hashtags in the same format to tweet about other kinds of injustice, such as #TransLivesMatter. That hashtag could be acceptable if tweeting about how [[cissexism#transphobia|transphobic]] violence also affects black trans women, black trans men, or black nonbinary people who use the 'trans' label. Then it's still related to the original message. However, if the context is about white trans people only, using that hashtag would be a questionable decision, due to its roots.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Practical resources]]