Gender neutral language in Polish - Revision history

InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

2026-02-19T00:34:14Z

Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:34, 19 February 2026
Line 28:		Line 28:
	==Other words==		==Other words==

	Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałem" (masculine) or "chciałam" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623034945/https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603042546/https://zaimki.pl/~~english \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref~~>		Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałem" (masculine) or "chciałam" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}{{Dead link\|date=February 2026 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623034945/https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl"/>

	Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623022837/https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>		Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623022837/https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>

TXJ: /* Gender neutral neologisms */

2025-10-19T16:43:09Z

Gender neutral neologisms

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 19 October 2025
Line 67:		Line 67:
	\| ładnu / ładnya / ładnx		\| ładnu / ładnya / ładnx
	\| pretty<ref name="avri_Avri">{{Cite web \|title=Genderneutralizacja polszczyzny? \|trans-title=Gender-neutralization of the Polish language? \|author=Andrea \|date=2 February 2020 \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612003627/https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>		\| pretty<ref name="avri_Avri">{{Cite web \|title=Genderneutralizacja polszczyzny? \|trans-title=Gender-neutralization of the Polish language? \|author=Andrea \|date=2 February 2020 \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612003627/https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>
			\|-
			\| dziabko
			\| grandparent<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CY_mGaGo9sm/\|date=21 January 2022\|language=pl\|title=Podzbiór Tęczowy 🏳️‍🌈}}</ref>
	\|}		\|}

BinaryBot: Bot: adding archive links to references (error log).

2023-07-17T13:16:48Z

Bot: adding archive links to references (error log).

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:16, 17 July 2023
Line 4:		Line 4:
	==Pronouns==		==Pronouns==

	In Polish there is no standard non-gendered pronoun like English's [[singular they]]. "Oni" is the third person plural masculine pronoun (used when a group has at least one male in it, or the genders of the group are unknown), while "one" is the third person plural non-masculine pronoun (used when a group has no male members, or for groups like young children, animals, objects, or intangible concepts).<ref name="cloz_Maki">{{Cite web \|title=Making Sense of Polish Personal Pronouns \|last=Łukasiak \|first=Adam \|work=Clozemaster Blog \|date=20 October 2017 \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-personal-pronouns/}}</ref> Translations of English singular they into Polish sometimes use "oni" despite it being masculine.<ref name="Misiek">{{cite journal\|title=Misgendered in Translation?: Genderqueerness in Polish Translations of English-language Television Series \|url=https://anglica-journal.com/resources/html/article/details?id=207730\|last=Misiek\|first=Szymon \|journal=Anglica: An International Journal of English Studies\|year=2020 \|doi=10.7311/0860-5734.29.2.09}}</ref>		In Polish there is no standard non-gendered pronoun like English's [[singular they]]. "Oni" is the third person plural masculine pronoun (used when a group has at least one male in it, or the genders of the group are unknown), while "one" is the third person plural non-masculine pronoun (used when a group has no male members, or for groups like young children, animals, objects, or intangible concepts).<ref name="cloz_Maki">{{Cite web \|title=Making Sense of Polish Personal Pronouns \|last=Łukasiak \|first=Adam \|work=Clozemaster Blog \|date=20 October 2017 \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-personal-pronouns/\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612003004/https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-personal-pronouns/ \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> Translations of English singular they into Polish sometimes use "oni" despite it being masculine.<ref name="Misiek">{{cite journal\|title=Misgendered in Translation?: Genderqueerness in Polish Translations of English-language Television Series \|url=https://anglica-journal.com/resources/html/article/details?id=207730\|last=Misiek\|first=Szymon \|journal=Anglica: An International Journal of English Studies\|year=2020 \|doi=10.7311/0860-5734.29.2.09\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612015312/https://anglica-journal.com/resources/html/article/details?id=207730\|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>

	There is a neuter singular pronoun "ono/jego" but that can be considered dehumanizing, similar to "it/its" in English.		There is a neuter singular pronoun "ono/jego" but that can be considered dehumanizing, similar to "it/its" in English.

	Some Polish-speaking nonbinary people just use "he/his" ("on/jego") or "she/her" ("ona/jej") – either the same as their [[gender assigned at birth]] or the opposite.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en }}</ref>		Some Polish-speaking nonbinary people just use "he/his" ("on/jego") or "she/her" ("ona/jej") – either the same as their [[gender assigned at birth]] or the opposite.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603042546/https://zaimki.pl/english \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>

	Some neopronoun forms have been proposed, such as<ref name="zaim_Skąd">{{Cite web \|title=Skąd potrzeba niebinarnych zaimków? \|trans-title=Where is the need for nonbinary pronouns? \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/ \|language=pl}}</ref>:		Some neopronoun forms have been proposed, such as<ref name="zaim_Skąd">{{Cite web \|title=Skąd potrzeba niebinarnych zaimków? \|trans-title=Where is the need for nonbinary pronouns? \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/ \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307093417/https://zaimki.pl/ \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>:

	* onu/jenu		* onu/jenu
Line 24:		Line 24:
	For second-person pronouns, it is possible to use the mixed-gender plural "państwo" in place of masculine "pan" or feminine "pani", but using this in reference to a singular person is not well-established.		For second-person pronouns, it is possible to use the mixed-gender plural "państwo" in place of masculine "pan" or feminine "pani", but using this in reference to a singular person is not well-established.

	The reflexive pronoun "się" (equivalent to "myself", "herself", "himself", "one's self", etc.) does not inflect for gender.<ref>https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_pronouns#Reflexive_pronoun</ref>		The reflexive pronoun "się" (equivalent to "myself", "herself", "himself", "one's self", etc.) does not inflect for gender.<ref>https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_pronouns#Reflexive_pronoun [https://web.archive.org/web/20230612051812/https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_pronouns Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref>

	==Other words==		==Other words==

	Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałem" (masculine) or "chciałam" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl}}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en }}</ref>		Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałem" (masculine) or "chciałam" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623034945/https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603042546/https://zaimki.pl/english \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>

	Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl}}</ref>		Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623022837/https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>

	For written Polish, it is possible to combine the masculine and feminine forms of a noun, with a space in between the endings to acknowledge other genders. For example instead of the masculine "aktorzy" or the feminine "aktorki", one could write "aktorki_rzy".<ref name="123t_Gend">{{Cite web \|title=Gender. Płeć w języku. Feminizm w języku polskim \|trans-title=Gender. Gender in language. Feminism in Polish language \|last=Tłumaczeń \|first=Biuro \|work=Ekspresowe tłumaczenia \|date=11 December 2015 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://123tlumacz.pl/gender-plec-w-jezyku-feminizm-w-jezyku-polskim/ \|language=pl}}</ref>		For written Polish, it is possible to combine the masculine and feminine forms of a noun, with a space in between the endings to acknowledge other genders. For example instead of the masculine "aktorzy" or the feminine "aktorki", one could write "aktorki_rzy".<ref name="123t_Gend">{{Cite web \|title=Gender. Płeć w języku. Feminizm w języku polskim \|trans-title=Gender. Gender in language. Feminism in Polish language \|last=Tłumaczeń \|first=Biuro \|work=Ekspresowe tłumaczenia \|date=11 December 2015 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://123tlumacz.pl/gender-plec-w-jezyku-feminizm-w-jezyku-polskim/ \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612005847/https://123tlumacz.pl/gender-plec-w-jezyku-feminizm-w-jezyku-polskim/ \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>

	Words can be de-gendered by using an -ę ending such as "autorzę" (instead of masc "autor" or fem "autorka") but this is not ideal because the -ę ending is considered diminutive and thus can be seen as infantilizing nonbinary people.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Neutratywy: czemu nie końcówka -ę? \|author=@andrea \|work=zaimki.pl \|date=22 February 2022 \|access-date=12 October 2022 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/blog/neutratywy-zdrobnienia \|language=pl}}</ref>		Words can be de-gendered by using an -ę ending such as "autorzę" (instead of masc "autor" or fem "autorka") but this is not ideal because the -ę ending is considered diminutive and thus can be seen as infantilizing nonbinary people.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Neutratywy: czemu nie końcówka -ę? \|author=@andrea \|work=zaimki.pl \|date=22 February 2022 \|access-date=12 October 2022 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/blog/neutratywy-zdrobnienia \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612003210/https://zaimki.pl/blog/neutratywy-zdrobnienia \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>

	==Gender neutral neologisms==		==Gender neutral neologisms==
Line 66:		Line 66:
	\|-		\|-
	\| ładnu / ładnya / ładnx		\| ładnu / ładnya / ładnx
	\| pretty<ref name="avri_Avri">{{Cite web \|title=Genderneutralizacja polszczyzny? \|trans-title=Gender-neutralization of the Polish language? \|author=Andrea \|date=2 February 2020 \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|language=pl}}</ref>		\| pretty<ref name="avri_Avri">{{Cite web \|title=Genderneutralizacja polszczyzny? \|trans-title=Gender-neutralization of the Polish language? \|author=Andrea \|date=2 February 2020 \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|language=pl\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612003627/https://avris.it/blog/genderneutralizacja-polszczyzny \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref>
	\|}		\|}

194.207.30.202: /* Other words */

2023-06-09T11:14:13Z

Other words

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:14, 9 June 2023
Line 28:		Line 28:
	==Other words==		==Other words==

	Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "~~chciałbym~~" (masculine) or "~~chciałabym~~" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl}}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en }}</ref>		Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałem" (masculine) or "chciałam" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl}}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en }}</ref>

	Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl}}</ref>		Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl}}</ref>

imported>TXJ: a bit about the -ę ending

2022-10-12T15:09:09Z

a bit about the -ę ending

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:09, 12 October 2022
Line 33:		Line 33:

	For written Polish, it is possible to combine the masculine and feminine forms of a noun, with a space in between the endings to acknowledge other genders. For example instead of the masculine "aktorzy" or the feminine "aktorki", one could write "aktorki_rzy".<ref name="123t_Gend">{{Cite web \|title=Gender. Płeć w języku. Feminizm w języku polskim \|trans-title=Gender. Gender in language. Feminism in Polish language \|last=Tłumaczeń \|first=Biuro \|work=Ekspresowe tłumaczenia \|date=11 December 2015 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://123tlumacz.pl/gender-plec-w-jezyku-feminizm-w-jezyku-polskim/ \|language=pl}}</ref>		For written Polish, it is possible to combine the masculine and feminine forms of a noun, with a space in between the endings to acknowledge other genders. For example instead of the masculine "aktorzy" or the feminine "aktorki", one could write "aktorki_rzy".<ref name="123t_Gend">{{Cite web \|title=Gender. Płeć w języku. Feminizm w języku polskim \|trans-title=Gender. Gender in language. Feminism in Polish language \|last=Tłumaczeń \|first=Biuro \|work=Ekspresowe tłumaczenia \|date=11 December 2015 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://123tlumacz.pl/gender-plec-w-jezyku-feminizm-w-jezyku-polskim/ \|language=pl}}</ref>

			Words can be de-gendered by using an -ę ending such as "autorzę" (instead of masc "autor" or fem "autorka") but this is not ideal because the -ę ending is considered diminutive and thus can be seen as infantilizing nonbinary people.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Neutratywy: czemu nie końcówka -ę? \|author=@andrea \|work=zaimki.pl \|date=22 February 2022 \|access-date=12 October 2022 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/blog/neutratywy-zdrobnienia \|language=pl}}</ref>

	==Gender neutral neologisms==		==Gender neutral neologisms==

2A02:A317:E140:B480:7056:D1F:755B:B105: /* Gender neutral neologisms */typo

2021-04-12T23:08:33Z

Gender neutral neologisms: typo

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:08, 12 April 2021
Line 51:		Line 51:
	\| electrician<ref name="Misiek" />		\| electrician<ref name="Misiek" />
	\|-		\|-
	\| ~~hydauliczko~~		\| hydrauliczko
	\| plumber<ref name="Misiek" />		\| plumber<ref name="Misiek" />
	\|-		\|-

imported>TXJ: /* Pronouns */

2020-11-29T23:44:36Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 29 November 2020
Line 23:		Line 23:

	For second-person pronouns, it is possible to use the mixed-gender plural "państwo" in place of masculine "pan" or feminine "pani", but using this in reference to a singular person is not well-established.		For second-person pronouns, it is possible to use the mixed-gender plural "państwo" in place of masculine "pan" or feminine "pani", but using this in reference to a singular person is not well-established.

			The reflexive pronoun "się" (equivalent to "myself", "herself", "himself", "one's self", etc.) does not inflect for gender.<ref>https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Polish_pronouns#Reflexive_pronoun</ref>

	==Other words==		==Other words==

imported>TXJ at 23:40, 29 November 2020

2020-11-29T23:40:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:40, 29 November 2020
Line 13:		Line 13:

	* onu/jenu		* onu/jenu
			* ono/eno
	* vono/vego		* vono/vego
	* ne/nego		* ne/nego

imported>TXJ: /* Other words */

2020-11-29T23:09:41Z

Other words

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:09, 29 November 2020
Line 25:		Line 25:
	==Other words==		==Other words==

	Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałbym" (masculine) or "chciałabym" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam").<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl}}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en }}</ref>		Nouns, verbs, numerals, and adjectives are also gendered in Polish. Some Polish nonbinary people create solutions such as gender-neutral word endings, for example "chciałxm"/"chciałom"/"chciałx" instead of "chciałbym" (masculine) or "chciałabym" (feminine).<ref>{{cite web\|title=hi how to use they them in poland. próbuję ale im failing miserably\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|archive-url=http://archive.is/ZMwts\|url=https://urodziwy.tumblr.com/post/187175986471/hi-how-to-use-they-them-in-poland-pr%C3%B3buj%C4%99-ale-im}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Czemu ludzie są Twoim zdaniem dyskryminowani przez swoją orientację seksualną?\|archive-url=http://archive.is/k4Xzj\|archive-date=17 June 2020\|url=https://ask.fm/brainlessxx/answers/162268935811}}</ref> In the 2004 science-fiction novel ''Perfect Imperfection'', author Jacek Dukaj used -um verb endings (e.g. "zobaczyłum" instead of the masculine "zobaczyłem" or feminine "zobaczyłam") for a "post-human" group of beings.<ref name="TransGrysy">{{Cite web \|title=TransGrysy wyjaśniają: co robić, a czego nie robić w kontaktach z osobami transpłciowymi? \|trans-title=TransGrysy explains: what to do and what not to do when dealing with transgender people? \|work=kinkywinky.pl \|date= \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://www.kinkywinky.pl/blog/poradnik/transplciowosc-savoir-vivre.html \|language=pl}}</ref> These have since become known as Dukaisms.<ref name="zaimkipl">{{Cite web \|title=An overview of Polish nonbinary pronouns \|trans-title= \|author= \|work=Zaimki.pl \|date= \|access-date=25 November 2020 \|url= https://zaimki.pl/english \|language=en }}</ref>

	Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl}}</ref>		Another gender-neutral way of speaking or writing Polish is rewording phrases to use a non-gendered conjugation of a verb. For example, instead of saying "I saw" in the masculine form "zobaczyłem" or feminine form "zobaczyłam", one could say "Udało mi się zobaczyć" (I was able to see).<ref name="grabieżca">{{Cite web \|title=Osoby niebinarne - jakiej są płci? \|trans-title= \|author=niski_grabieżca \|work=transseksualizm.blogspot.com \|date=12 June 2019 \|access-date=1 October 2020 \|url= https://transseksualizm.blogspot.com/2019/06/osoby-niebinarne-jakiej-sa-pci.html \|language=pl}}</ref>

imported>TXJ: /* Pronouns */

2020-11-29T19:03:26Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:03, 29 November 2020
Line 19:		Line 19:
	* ony/ich		* ony/ich
	* onø/jenø		* onø/jenø
			* onæ/jæ

	For second-person pronouns, it is possible to use the mixed-gender plural "państwo" in place of masculine "pan" or feminine "pani", but using this in reference to a singular person is not well-established.		For second-person pronouns, it is possible to use the mixed-gender plural "państwo" in place of masculine "pan" or feminine "pani", but using this in reference to a singular person is not well-established.