Gender variance in spirituality - Revision history

Cassolotl: /* Abrahamic religions */ Fixing broken links in references

2026-05-18T18:37:21Z

Abrahamic religions: Fixing broken links in references

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:37, 18 May 2026
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	* Nekeivah (נְקֵבָה): This term is derived from the word for a crevice and probably refers to a vaginal opening. It is usually translated as “[[woman\|female]]” in English.		* Nekeivah (נְקֵבָה): This term is derived from the word for a crevice and probably refers to a vaginal opening. It is usually translated as “[[woman\|female]]” in English.
	* [[Androgynos]] (אַנְדְּרוֹגִינוֹס): A person who has both “male” and “female” sexual characteristics. In English, translated as [[androgyne]] or [[intersex]]. 149 references in Mishna and Talmud (1st-8th Centuries CE); 350 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes (2nd -16th Centuries CE).		* [[Androgynos]] (אַנְדְּרוֹגִינוֹס): A person who has both “male” and “female” sexual characteristics. In English, translated as [[androgyne]] or [[intersex]]. 149 references in Mishna and Talmud (1st-8th Centuries CE); 350 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes (2nd -16th Centuries CE).
	* [[Tumtum]] (טֻומְטוּם "hidden"): A person whose sexual characteristics are indeterminate or obscured. 181 references in Mishna and Talmud; 335 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes. In Yevamot 64a, the Talmud says that the Biblical figures Abraham and Sarah were said to have been born tumtum and infertile, and then miraculously turned into a fertile husband and wife in their old age. The classical description of the physical characteristic of tumtum as skin hiding normal female or male genitals does not exactly match any [[intersex]] condition known today. Modern scholars see it as corresponding with some known intersex conditions with [[ambiguous genitalia]].<ref>"Arachin 4b ~ The Tumtum, the Androgyne, and the Fluidity of Gender." ''Talmudology.'' June 20, 2019. https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2019/6/17/arachin-4b-the-tumtum-the-androgyne-and-the-invention-of-gender?rq=tumtum [https://web.archive.org/web/20220922011903/https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2019/6/17/arachin-4b-the-tumtum-the-androgyne-and-the-invention-of-gender?rq=tumtum Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 5 of the 11,242 respondents called themselves tumtum.~~<ref name="2019 Gender Census">"~~Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		* [[Tumtum]] (טֻומְטוּם "hidden"): A person whose sexual characteristics are indeterminate or obscured. 181 references in Mishna and Talmud; 335 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes. In Yevamot 64a, the Talmud says that the Biblical figures Abraham and Sarah were said to have been born tumtum and infertile, and then miraculously turned into a fertile husband and wife in their old age. The classical description of the physical characteristic of tumtum as skin hiding normal female or male genitals does not exactly match any [[intersex]] condition known today. Modern scholars see it as corresponding with some known intersex conditions with [[ambiguous genitalia]].<ref>"Arachin 4b ~ The Tumtum, the Androgyne, and the Fluidity of Gender." ''Talmudology.'' June 20, 2019. https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2019/6/17/arachin-4b-the-tumtum-the-androgyne-and-the-invention-of-gender?rq=tumtum [https://web.archive.org/web/20220922011903/https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2019/6/17/arachin-4b-the-tumtum-the-androgyne-and-the-invention-of-gender?rq=tumtum Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 5 of the 11,242 respondents called themselves tumtum.{{Gender Census\|2019}}
	* Ay’lonit (איילונית): A person who is identified as “female” at birth, but fails to develop sexual characteristics at puberty or develops “male” characteristics, and is infertile. 80 references in Mishna and Talmud; 40 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes. Modern scholars think ay'lonit refers to a selection of intersex conditions, such as [[Turner's syndrome]].<ref>"Ketuvot 36 ~ The Aylonit Syndrome and Turner's Syndrome." ''Talmudology.'' March 10, 2015. https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2015/3/9/ketuvot-36-the-aylonit [https://web.archive.org/web/20230426154123/https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2015/3/9/ketuvot-36-the-aylonit Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 2 of the respondents called themselves ay’lonit.~~<ref name="2019~~ Gender Census~~" />~~		* Ay’lonit (איילונית): A person who is identified as “female” at birth, but fails to develop sexual characteristics at puberty or develops “male” characteristics, and is infertile. 80 references in Mishna and Talmud; 40 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes. Modern scholars think ay'lonit refers to a selection of intersex conditions, such as [[Turner's syndrome]].<ref>"Ketuvot 36 ~ The Aylonit Syndrome and Turner's Syndrome." ''Talmudology.'' March 10, 2015. https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2015/3/9/ketuvot-36-the-aylonit [https://web.archive.org/web/20230426154123/https://www.talmudology.com/jeremybrownmdgmailcom/2015/3/9/ketuvot-36-the-aylonit Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 2 of the respondents called themselves ay’lonit.{{Gender Census\|2019}}
	* Saris (סריס): A person who is identified as “male” at birth but develops “female” characteristics as puberty and/or is lacking a penis. A saris can be “naturally” a saris (saris hamah), or become one through human intervention (saris adam), such as a [[eunuch]]. 156 references in mishna and Talmud; 379 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes.		* Saris (סריס): A person who is identified as “male” at birth but develops “female” characteristics as puberty and/or is lacking a penis. A saris can be “naturally” a saris (saris hamah), or become one through human intervention (saris adam), such as a [[eunuch]]. 156 references in mishna and Talmud; 379 in classical midrash and Jewish law codes.

Cassolotl: Removing broken references that came with an import?

2026-05-18T18:14:38Z

Removing broken references that came with an import?

Show changes

Ho11yhawk: /* Gender variant figures in Buddhism */

2025-05-31T19:41:06Z

Gender variant figures in Buddhism

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:41, 31 May 2025
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	* '''Bodhisattva''' are genderless beings who are on the path to Buddhahood and have chosen to stay behind to compassionately guide others to Nirvana.		* '''Bodhisattva''' are genderless beings who are on the path to Buddhahood and have chosen to stay behind to compassionately guide others to Nirvana.
	* '''Avalokiteśvara''', a bodhisattva, sometimes shown as an androgynous man, who can appear in a form of any gender.		* '''Avalokiteśvara''', a bodhisattva, sometimes shown as an androgynous man, who can appear in a form of any gender.
	** '''Guanyin''' (Kwanyin, Kannon), a syncretic merging of Quan Yin, an indigenous Goddess of Mercy, with the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara, appearing when Bhuddism reached China ~~during~~ the ~~Han Dynasty circa 206 BCE~~.		** '''Guanyin''' (Kwanyin, Kannon), a syncretic merging of Quan Yin, an indigenous Goddess of Mercy, with the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara, appearing when Bhuddism reached China via the Silk Road, beginning in the 1st or 2nd century CE.<ref>Zürcher (1972), pp. 22–27.</ref>

	{{Clear}}		{{Clear}}

100.101.254.78: /* Gender variant figures in Buddhism */

2025-05-31T19:24:40Z

Gender variant figures in Buddhism

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:24, 31 May 2025
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	Figures that are gender variant or patrons of gender variant people:		Figures that are gender variant or patrons of gender variant people:
	* '''Avalokiteśvara''', a ~~male~~ bodhisattva, sometimes shown as an androgynous man, who can appear in a form of any gender		* '''Bodhisattva''' are genderless beings who are on the path to Buddhahood and have chosen to stay behind to compassionately guide others to Nirvana.
	** '''~~Kwanyin~~''' (~~Guanyin~~, Kannon), ~~originally~~ a ~~male~~ bodhisattva ~~(derived from~~ Avalokiteśvara~~) who was reinterpreted as female or androgynous. There are only hypotheses about how and why this happened~~.		* '''Avalokiteśvara''', a bodhisattva, sometimes shown as an androgynous man, who can appear in a form of any gender.
			** '''Guanyin''' (Kwanyin, Kannon), a syncretic merging of Quan Yin, an indigenous Goddess of Mercy, with the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara, appearing when Bhuddism reached China during the Han Dynasty circa 206 BCE.

	{{Clear}}		{{Clear}}

2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:7409:E0EB:7B6E:7668: /* Abrahamic religions */

2025-01-28T20:34:28Z

Abrahamic religions

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:34, 28 January 2025
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	===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====		===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====
	[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.~~png~~\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]		[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.svg\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]

	Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>		Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>

Amazingakita: Reverted edits by 2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:2490:F7FF:4210:F130 (talk) to last revision by Amazingakita

2025-01-27T20:16:54Z

Reverted edits by 2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:2490:F7FF:4210:F130 (talk) to last revision by Amazingakita

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:16, 27 January 2025
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	===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====		===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====
	[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]		[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.png\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]

	Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>		Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>

2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:2490:F7FF:4210:F130: /* Abrahamic religions */

2025-01-27T20:08:17Z

Abrahamic religions

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:08, 27 January 2025
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	===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====		===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====
	[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.~~png~~\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]		[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]

	Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>		Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>

Amazingakita: Reverted edits by 2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:2490:F7FF:4210:F130 (talk) to last revision by TXJ

2025-01-27T20:02:41Z

Reverted edits by 2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:2490:F7FF:4210:F130 (talk) to last revision by TXJ

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:02, 27 January 2025
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	===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====		===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====
	[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]		[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.png\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]

	Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>		Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>

2A02:A312:CAB1:8080:2490:F7FF:4210:F130: /* Abrahamic religions */

2025-01-27T19:50:32Z

Abrahamic religions

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:50, 27 January 2025
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	===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====		===== The six genders in classical Judaism =====
	[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.~~png~~\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]		[[File:Tumtum Pride-Flag.\|thumb\|A Tumtum pride flag designed by Tumblr user tumtum_and_androgynos in 2018 CE. White and blue symbolize Judaism, and gray for genderlessness.]]

	Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>		Classical Judaism recognizes six categories of sex/gender, instead of the [[gender binary\|male/female gender binary]] from modern Western culture. Jewish law (called ''halacha'') recognises gender ambiguity, and has done so throughout Jewish history.<ref>"More than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Ancient Jewish Thought." Freidson, Sarah. Sefaria, 10 June 2016. [https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230620051516/https://www.sefaria.org/sheets/37225 Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> This ambiguity is defined according to physical presentation (or lack thereof) and primary and secondary sexual characteristics. Then Jewish law assigns six gender roles to these six sexes, each with distinct prohibitions and required duties. According to Rabbi Elliot Kukla, these six are:<ref>Robbie Medwed. "More Than Just Male and Female: The Six Genders in Classical Judaism." ''Sojourn'' (blog). June 01, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714011440/http://www.sojourngsd.org/blog/sixgenders</ref>

TXJ: /* Views about gender variance in Wicca */

2025-01-26T02:49:53Z

Views about gender variance in Wicca

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:49, 26 January 2025
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	==== Views about gender variance in Wicca ====		==== Views about gender variance in Wicca ====

	''See also: [[~~Wikipedia:Modern~~ Pagan ~~views on LGBT people~~]]''		''See also: [[Pagan]]''

	Transgender people are generally magickal people, according to Karla McLaren in her ''Energetic Boundaries'' study guide. Transgender people are almost always welcomed in individual communities, covens, study groups, and circles.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.wicca-spirituality.com/gay-wicca.html \|title=The Scoop on Gay Wicca \|work=Wicca Spirituality: A New Wicca for a New World\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324192742/https://www.wicca-spirituality.com/gay-wicca.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> However, some Neopagan groups do not welcome transgender people, and specifically exclude people from participation who do not fit into [[cisgender]] [[male]] and [[female]] categories.<ref name="EncWitch"/> Some gender separatist groups exclude transgender people, often on the basis of their [[gender assigned at birth]].<ref name="EncWitch">{{cite book\|title=The Encyclopedia of Modern Witchcraft and Neo-Paganism\|first=Shelley\|last=Rabinovitch\|author2=James Lewis\|publisher=Citadel Press\|year=2002\|isbn=978-0806524061		Transgender people are generally magickal people, according to Karla McLaren in her ''Energetic Boundaries'' study guide. Transgender people are almost always welcomed in individual communities, covens, study groups, and circles.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.wicca-spirituality.com/gay-wicca.html \|title=The Scoop on Gay Wicca \|work=Wicca Spirituality: A New Wicca for a New World\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324192742/https://www.wicca-spirituality.com/gay-wicca.html \|archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> However, some Neopagan groups do not welcome transgender people, and specifically exclude people from participation who do not fit into [[cisgender]] [[male]] and [[female]] categories.<ref name="EncWitch"/> Some gender separatist groups exclude transgender people, often on the basis of their [[gender assigned at birth]].<ref name="EncWitch">{{cite book\|title=The Encyclopedia of Modern Witchcraft and Neo-Paganism\|first=Shelley\|last=Rabinovitch\|author2=James Lewis\|publisher=Citadel Press\|year=2002\|isbn=978-0806524061