Quariwarmi - Revision history

46.208.144.89: Citation update

2026-05-18T14:45:00Z

Citation update

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:45, 18 May 2026
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220922212007/https://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220922212007/https://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
	{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - ~~The Worldwide tl;dr.~~" ''Gender Census'' ~~(blog).~~ March 31, 2019. Retrieved ~~July 7~~, ~~2020~~. ~~https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive:~~ https://web.archive.org/web/~~20200118084451~~/https://gendercensus.com/~~post~~/~~183843963445/gender-census-~~2019~~-the~~-worldwide~~-tldr~~</ref>		{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref name="2019 Gender Census">"[https://www.gendercensus.com/results/2019-worldwide/ Gender Census 2019 - worldwide report]" ''Gender Census.'' March 31, 2019. Retrieved May 18, 2026. [https://web.archive.org/web/20260318135149/https://www.gendercensus.com/results/2019-worldwide/ Archive].</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

BinaryBot: Bot: adding archive links to references (error log).

2023-07-17T15:28:16Z

Bot: adding archive links to references (error log).

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:28, 17 July 2023
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220922212007/https://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
	{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>

2603:6010:8200:5500:518B:58E6:995F:642: Included alternative (and correct) Quechua spellings of a misspelled "Quariwarmi"

2022-12-16T18:34:31Z

Included alternative (and correct) Quechua spellings of a misspelled "Quariwarmi"

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:34, 16 December 2022
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
	{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>

Amazingakita: this is, unfortunately, a quote. also you missed one. Undo revision 22810 by 2601:646:200:3DB0:C4C3:BACD:6164:E69C (talk)

2020-12-15T00:16:26Z

this is, unfortunately, a quote. also you missed one. Undo revision 22810 by 2601:646:200:3DB0:C4C3:BACD:6164:E69C (talk)

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:16, 15 December 2020
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (~~third~~-~~gender~~) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
	{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>

2601:646:200:3DB0:C4C3:BACD:6164:E69C: Removed transphobic term and replaced with historically accurate translation

2020-12-14T20:56:31Z

Removed transphobic term and replaced with historically accurate translation

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:56, 14 December 2020
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (~~men~~-~~women~~) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (third-gender) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
	{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>

imported>TXJ: Quote template for easier readability

2020-12-13T19:19:16Z

Quote template for easier readability

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:19, 13 December 2020
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest": "And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women."<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref> This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
			{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

imported>TXJ at 16:36, 1 December 2020

2020-12-01T16:36:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:36, 1 December 2020
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			[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest": "And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women."<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref> This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest": "And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women."<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref> This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>

imported>Sekhet: Removed markings for transclusion in other articles.

2020-07-23T22:33:13Z

Removed markings for transclusion in other articles.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:33, 23 July 2020
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	~~<section begin=QuariwarmiDefinition/>~~
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest": "And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women."<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref> This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest": "And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women."<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref> This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>
	~~<section end=QuariwarmiDefinition/>~~

	== References ==		== References ==

imported>Sekhet: Marked for transclusion. If you considerably expand this article, please adjust the section marked for transclusion so that it encloses a brief introductory summary paragraph, so that it will still display appropriately in other articles that it is transcluded into.

2020-07-14T22:36:04Z

Marked for transclusion. If you considerably expand this article, please adjust the section marked for transclusion so that it encloses a brief introductory summary paragraph, so that it will still display appropriately in other articles that it is transcluded into.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:36, 14 July 2020
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	In Peru, the pre-colonial ~~Incas recognized '''~~quariwarmi~~'''~~, a ~~third~~ mixed-gender role.		<section begin=QuariwarmiDefinition/>
			In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi]], meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest": "And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women."<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref> This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>
	Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that third~~-gendered~~ ritual attendants to ~~chuqui chinchay~~, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious 'third gender' figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		<section end=QuariwarmiDefinition/>

	:: And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

Ondo at 14:49, 19 October 2019

2019-10-19T14:49:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:49, 19 October 2019
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	In Peru, the pre-colonial Incas recognized '''quariwarmi''', a ~~nonbinary~~ mixed-gender role.		In Peru, the pre-colonial Incas recognized '''quariwarmi''', a third mixed-gender role.

	Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that third-gendered ritual attendants to chuqui chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious 'third gender' figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that third-gendered ritual attendants to chuqui chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious 'third gender' figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:28, 17 July 2023
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	[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]		[[File:Quariwarmi.png\|thumb\|A quariwarmi pride flag created in 2016.]]
	In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online].</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":		In Peru, the pre-colonial Inca civilization had shamans called [[quariwarmi\|'''quariwarmi''']], '''qhariwarmi''', or '''qariwarmi''', meaning "men-women," who were a mixed-gender role. Andean Studies scholar Michael Horswell writes that [[third gender]] ritual attendants to Chuqui Chinchay, a jaguar deity in Incan mythology, were "vital actors in Andean ceremonies" prior to Spanish colonisation. Horswell elaborates: "These quariwarmi (men-women) shamans mediated between the symmetrically dualistic spheres of Andean cosmology and daily life by performing rituals that at times required same-sex erotic practices. Their transvested attire served as a visible sign of a third space that negotiated between the masculine and the feminine, the present and the past, the living and the dead. Their shamanic presence invoked the androgynous creative force often represented in Andean mythology."<ref>Horswell, Michael J. (2006). ''Transculturating Tropes of Sexuality, Tinkuy, and Third Gender in the Andes'', introduction to "Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture". ISBN 0-292-71267-7. [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Article online]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220922212007/https://www.utexas.edu/utpress/excerpts/exhordec.html Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> Richard Trexler gives an early Spanish account of religious third gender figures from the Inca empire in his 1995 book "Sex and Conquest":
	{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>		{{quote\|And in each important temple or house of worship, they have a man or two, or more, depending on the idol, who go dressed in women's attire from the time they are children, and speak like them, and in manner, dress, and everything else they imitate women.<ref>Trexler, Richard C. (1995). ''Sex and Conquest''. Cornell University Press: Ithaca. p. 107</ref>}} This description draws into question whether the quariwarmi considered themselves a gender outside man or woman, or if they considered themselves women. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, no respondents called themselves ''quariwarmi''.<ref>"Gender Census 2019 - The Worldwide tl;dr." ''Gender Census'' (blog). March 31, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2020. https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200118084451/https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr</ref>