Nonbinary/fr

La non-binarité (en anglais non-binary) est un terme générique comprenant toute gender identity (identité du genre) ou expression (expression du genre) n’étant pas comprise dans la gender binary (norme binaire). Cette étiquette peut aussi être utilisée par des individus souhaitant s’identifier comme ne faisant pas partie de la norme binaire sans pour autant préciser leur genre.

Nonbinary falls under the umbrella term of transgender (meaning a gender identity different than one's sex assigned at birth). However, for various reasons, individual nonbinary people may or may not consider themselves transgender.

Étant un terme générique, la non-binarité a une dimension similaire au genderqueer la plupart des personnes non-binaires d’Inde tiraient également à l’identité genderqueer. Cependant ces deux termes ont des significations et des connotations bien différentes. Le terme genderqueer précède le terme non-binaire depuis plus d’une décennie.

Histoire
Photographie prise pendant la Marche des fiertés LGBTQIA+ de Paris en 2016. La bannière porte les couleurs du drapeau non-binaire. En grand est écrit « Mon genre est non-binaire » avec des dizaines de noms d’identités non-binaires spécifiques listées dans le fond.

 Voir l’article principal : history of nonbinary gender 

Kye Roman crée le drapeau non-binaire (montré à droite) en 2014. Ce drapeau est fait pour « représenter la communauté non-binaire qui ne se sentaient pas représentés par le genderqueer flag (drapeau genderqueer). Le drapeau avait pour but d’être complémentaire au drapeau genderqueer créé par Marilyn Roxie, plutôt que de le remplacer. Le drapeau est constitué de quatre bandes. Du haut vers le bas, elles sont jaune, blanc, violet et noir. Le jaune représente ceux dont le genre se situe sans référence et en dehors de la binarité, car le jaune est souvent utilisé pour distinguer une chose à part entière. Le blanc représente ceux qui ont beaucoup ou tous les genres, car le blanc est la présence photologique de la couleur et/ou de la lumière. La bande violette représente ceux qui identifient leur genre comme entre homme ou femme ou un mélange des deux, le violet étant le mélange des couleurs traditionnellement associées aux filles et aux garçons. Le violet peut aussi être perçu comme la représentation de la fluidité et de l’originalité des personnes non-binaire. Enfin, la bande noire représente ceux qui s’indentifient comme n’ayant pas de genre, le noir étant l’absence photologique de couleur et/ ou de lumière. » Le drapeau non-binaire ainsi que le drapeau genderqueer sont deux options permettant aux personnes non-binaires de se représenter et prendre différentes approches sur la façon de représenter les personnes non-binaires.

In 2013, a user of the social media site Tumblr coined an abbreviation of nonbinary or N.B., "enby." This word and how people have come to use it is discussed below.

In 2014, Kye Rowan designed the nonbinary flag in response to a call put out for a nonbinary flag that was separate from the genderqueer flag, the final design is shown at the top of this article. This flag is meant to "represent nonbinary folk who did not feel that the genderqueer flag represented them. This flag was intended to go alongside Marilyn Roxie's genderqueer flag rather than replace it. The flag consists of four stripes. From top to bottom: yellow represents those whose gender exists outside of and without reference to the binary as yellow is often used to distinguish something as its own. White represents those who have many or all genders, as white is the photological presence of color and/or light. The purple stripe represents those who feel their gender is between or a mix of female and male as purple is the mix of traditional boy and girl colors. The purple also could be seen as representing the fluidity and uniqueness of nonbinary people. The final black stripe represents those who feel they are without gender, as black is the photological absence of color and/or light." The nonbinary flag and the genderqueer flag are both options for nonbinary people to use to symbolize themselves, and take different approaches to how to symbolize nonbinary genders.

In 2014, the social media site Facebook began to allow users to set their profiles as any of 56 genders, one of which was called "nonbinary."

In 2017, in the USA, the state of California passed the 2017 Gender Recognition Act "to ensure that intersex, transgender, and nonbinary people have state-issued identification documents that provide full legal recognition of their accurate gender identity."

In 2018, in the USA, Washington state began to allow "X" gender markers on official documents, with the law stating that ""X" means a gender that is not exclusively male or female, including, but not limited to, intersex, agender, amalgagender, androgynous, bigender, demigender, female-to-male, genderfluid, genderqueer, male-to-female, neutrois, nonbinary, pangender, third sex, transgender, transsexual, Two Spirit, and unspecified." Also in 2018, well-known cartoonist and songwriter Rebecca Sugar came out as a nonbinary woman.

In 2019, Collins Dictionary added the word "non-binary".

Enby


The word enby (plural enbies, derived from "N.B.," the initialism of "non-binary") is a common noun meaning "nonbinary person." It was coined by Tumblr user vector (revolutionator) in 2013 as the nonbinary common noun equivalent of "boy" or "girl." Due to that wording, some nonbinary people question whether it can also be used as a nonbinary common noun equivalent of "man" or "woman." The 2020 Gender Census shows that older nonbinary people less often call themselves enbies.

Nonbinary identities
Some of the more common identities under the nonbinary umbrella include:


 * Agender, also called genderless or non-gendered, means having no gender identity.


 * Androgyne (from Greek, meaning "man-woman") and has been used for many kinds of people who don't fit into the gender binary. Even a century ago, some people who called themselves androgynes saw themselves as a mix of male and female.


 * Bigender people feel they have two genders at the same time, or moving back and forth between them at different times.


 * Genderfluid people move between different gender identities, and sometimes expressions, at different times.


 * Gender neutral or neutrois can mean being genderless, or it can mean having a gender identity that is not female, not male, and not a mix, but simply neutral.


 * Genderqueer: Any gender identity or expression which is queer, in and of itself. That is, a gender which is transgressive and non-normative. This can be an umbrella term, or a specific identity. The word comes from 1995.


 * Nonbinary means any gender outside the gender binary. That is, any identity which is not solely male or female all the time. Though there are many kinds of nonbinary identities, many people use this as the only name for their gender.

Nonbinary expression
There is no one right way to perform a nonbinary gender. Most nonbinary people are primarily motivated to do what feels comfortable and true to themselves, rather than attempting to follow any particular gender role. Whichever way any particular nonbinary person needs or chooses to present, express, or perform their gender is as valid as any other.

Personnages non-binaires dans la fiction
Voir l’article principal: Nonbinary gender in fiction

Il y a beaucoup plus de nonbinary characters in fiction who have a gender identity outside of the binary (personnages non-binaires qui ont une identité du genre en dehors du binaire. Les personnages suivants sont quelques-uns d’entre eux qui sont désignés par le terme « non-binaire » que ce soit par eux-mêmes, ou par leurs créateurs.





Voir aussi

 * Gender-variant identities worldwide
 * Gender designation in different cultures
 * Gender neutral language
 * Glossary of English gender and sex terminology

Nonbinary characters in fiction
See main article: Nonbinary gender in fiction

There are many more characters in fiction who have a gender identity outside of the binary. The following are only some of those characters who are specifically called by the word "nonbinary," either in their canon, or by their creators.


 * Ben De Backer in I Wish You All The Best is nonbinary. (Their sister is accepting but the rest of the family isn't.) The author, Mason Deaver, is also nonbinary.
 * Several characters in Crooked Words, an anthology by K.A. Cook.
 * The character Lark in Divided Worlds and The Ascension of Lark, by Jennifer Ridge
 * An Unkindness of Ghosts, by Rivers Solomon. The author has said of a character in the book, "Theo is a nonbinary trans woman. These are my interpretations, but arguments could certainly be made for other classifiers."
 * First Spring Grass Fire, by Rae Spoon, tells the story of a nonbinary child growing up.
 * Lelia in The Lost Coast, by Amy Rose Capetta, is a nonbinary gray-asexual, and described as such in the text.
 * The 2019 YA book In the Silences has many characters who self-define as nonbinary, including the protagonist.
 * Robot Hugs - semi-autobiographical webcomic by an author of nonbinary gender, which frequently addresses nonbinary issues and other aspects of gender politics. Also frequently covers the subject of mental health. Updates twice weekly.
 * Phoebe and her Unicorn by Dana Simpson has a nonbinary character named Infernus, the Unicorn of Death. Phoebe uses the pronoun "neigh" for Infernus.
 * In John Wick 3, the Adjudicator is nonbinary and played by Asia Kate Dillon, who is also nonbinary.
 * Bishop in the Fox drama series Deputy is nonbinary canonically, thanks to a suggestion by the character's actor Bex Taylor-Klaus who is also nonbinary.
 * Couple-ish, a light-hearted rom-com webseries, features a nonbinary main character (Dee). Dee goes by they/them/their pronouns, and explicitly describes themselves as nonbinary in one episode.
 * Invader Zim, Jhonen Vasquez comfirmed all irkens are neither male or female, stating "the only IRKEN gender is A55H0LE. all caps."
 * Ana On The Edge, by a nonbinary author, tells the story of a teen named Ana who is navigating their gender.