Editing Recognition (Canada)

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[[File:Luna-ferguson-birth-certificate.jpg|thumb|[[Luna Ferguson]] holding their birth certificate with "X" in the sex field.]]
[[Recognition (Canada)]]. This is a multi page section that gives information on [[recognition]] of [[nonbinary]] gender identities in Canadian services and government. In Canada, passports and immigration documents are issued federally by the Canadian government while driver's licenses, health cards, and birth certificates are issued by the appropriate provincial government. 

== Recognition in federal government ==
In 2017, the Canadian government passed bill C-16, which added "gender identity" and "gender expression" as prohibited grounds for discrimination <ref>http://www.parl.ca/LegisInfo/BillDetails.aspx?billId=8269852&Language=E&Mode=1</ref>. Following C-16 the government put interim measures in place before they could issue documents without "M" or "F" <ref name="ircc">https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/news/2017/08/new_x_gender_designationcomingtoirccdocuments.html</ref>. As of June 2019, the Canadian government has begun issuing immigration documents (including passports) with "X" in the sex field <ref>https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/news/notices/gender-x-documents.html</ref>.

== Recognition in provincial governments ==
The recognition of nonbinary people by provincial governments varies across Canada. All provinces and territories have removed requirements for surgery, but many still do rely on a [[medicalization|medical model]] of transness. At this point only Alberta and Ontario have moved away from the medical model for all applicants, removing the requirement for a letter from a medical practitioner. That being said some provinces have removed have also removed this requirement, but only for those over a certain age. 

Every province and territory has added explicit protections for "gender identity" in their human rights legislation. The majority of provinces protect "gender expression" as well.

* <span style="color: #6cc">Blue(#9FF)</span> means it's friendly to nonbinary people.
* <span style="color: #cc8">Yellow(#FFB)</span> means it's somewhat friendly to nonbinary people. 
* <span style="color: #f99">Red(#F99)</span> means it's not friendly at all to nonbinary people.

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center;"
!  Province
!  Allows X on documents?
!  Legal gender change requirements
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/bc|British Columbia]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  British Columbia allows X as a gender marker on the majority of drivers licenses and on birth certificates. <ref>https://news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2018HLTH0079-002116</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | In order to obtain a change of gender, a letter from a physician is required, but no 'treatment' is required <ref>https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/life-events/birth-adoption/births/birth-certificates/change-of-gender-designation-on-birth-certificates</ref>. A legal change of name requires no medical intervention.  
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/ab|Alberta]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Alberta allows X as a gender marker on birth certificates and drivers licenses. <ref>https://www.alberta.ca/update-driving-documents.aspx</ref>
| style="background-color:#6cc;" | Alberta does not have any medical requirements for changing gender. <ref>https://www.alberta.ca/birth-record-sex-amendment.aspx</ref>
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/sk|Saskatchewan]]
| style="background-color:#cc8;" |  Saskatchewan does not allow an X gender marker, but can issue a birth certificate with the gender marker hidden.<ref name="sk">https://www.ehealthsask.ca/residents/Pages/Sex-Designation.aspx</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | Requires a letter from a physician stating that the "change of sex designation on your birth registration is appropriate"<ref name="sk" />
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/mb|Manitoba]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |
* Since April 2020, allows "M", "F", or "X" on birth certificates.<ref name="mb-birthcert">{{Cite web |title=Change of Sex Designation |author= |work=Province of Manitoba - Manitoba Vital Statistics Agency |date= |access-date=23 October 2020 |url= https://vitalstats.gov.mb.ca/change_of_sex_designation.html }}</ref>
*Since October 2020, allows "M", "F", "X", or a blank [[gender marker]] on ID cards/driver licenses.<ref name="Thompson2020">{{Cite web |title=Non-binary, no gender identifier options now available on Manitoba IDs: MPI |last=Thompson |first=Sam |work=CJOB |date=13 October 2020 |access-date=23 October 2020 |url= https://globalnews.ca/news/7394219/non-binary-no-gender-manitoba-ids/}}</ref>
| style="background-color:#6cc;" | No supporting documentation or fee is needed for ID cards/driver licenses.<ref name="Thompson2020" /> Fees and documentation are required for changing the marker on a birth certificate. (No surgical requirement.)<ref name="mb-birthcert" />
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/on|Ontario]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Ontario allows "X", "F", and "M" markers on birth certificates and ID. <ref>https://www.ontario.ca/page/consultation-gender-and-sex-information-government-ids-and-forms</ref>
| style="background-color:#6cc;" | No supporting documentation is required. <ref>https://www.ontario.ca/page/consultation-gender-and-sex-information-government-ids-and-forms#section-1</ref>
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/qc|Québec]]
| style="background-color:#fc8;" |  Allows "X" gender markers since June 17, 2022 on birth certificates. However, it is still unrecognized by all ID-issuing government ministries. <ref name="qc">http://www.etatcivil.gouv.qc.ca/en/change-sexe.html</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | For minors, a letter from a health care professional is required. <ref name="qc" />
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/nb|New Brunswick]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Allows "X" gender markers on birth registration and ID since 2019. <ref>https://globalnews.ca/news/4006720/nb-transgender-designation-form/</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | A letter from a healthcare professional is required. <ref>https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/services/services_renderer.201445.Change_of_Sex_Designation.html</ref>
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/ns|Nova Scotia]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Allows "M", "F", and "X" markers.<ref>https://beta.novascotia.ca/sites/default/files/documents/2-573/change-sex-designation-16-years-age-or-older-en.pdf</ref><ref>https://beta.novascotia.ca/sites/default/files/documents/2-590/change-sex-designation-15-years-age-or-younger-en.pdf</ref>
| 
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/pei|Prince Edward Island]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Allows "M", "F", "X", or blank on driver's licenses. Unclear what is offered on birth certificates.  <ref>https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/news/improving-diversity-and-inclusion-drivers-licences</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | A letter from a healthcare professional is required to change a birth certificate. <ref>https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/information/health-pei/transgender-health-services</ref>
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/nl|Newfoundland and Labrador]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Allows "M" and "F", "X" on birth certificates. <ref>https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/gemma-hickey-secures-gender-neutral-birth-certificate-1.4448562</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | If under 16, a letter from a healthcare professional is required to change a birth certificate. If under 12, two letters are required. <ref>https://www.servicenl.gov.nl.ca/birth/changing_your_sex_designation/index.html</ref>
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/yt|Yukon]]
| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Appears to only allow only "M" and "F" despite commitments to add "X" in 2018 <ref>http://www.gov.yk.ca/forms/forms/6000/yg6471_e.pdf</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | If under 16, a letter from a medical practitioner or teacher is required. <ref>http://www.gov.yk.ca/forms/forms/6000/yg6470_e.pdf</ref> 
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/nt|Northwest Territories]]
| style="background-color:#6cc;" |  Allows "M", "F", and "X" on birth certificates. <ref>https://www.gov.nt.ca/newsroom/news/news-release-gnwt-introduces-changes-vital-statistics-act</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | If under 19, a letter from a medical practitioner is required. <ref>https://www.hss.gov.nt.ca/en/services/changing-your-sex-designation</ref> 
|-
| [[Recognition_(Canada)/nu|Nunavut]]
| style="background-color:#f99;" | M or F <ref name="nu">https://www.nunavutlegislation.ca/en/download/file/fid/11258</ref>
| style="background-color:#cc8;" | Requires two letters from medical practitioners to change a birth certificate. <ref name="nu" /> 
|}

== Recognition by businesses and services ==
See [[Recognition (Canada)/services | recognition in services]].

==See also==
*[[Recognition (UK)]]
*[[Recognition (USA)]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Canada#LGBT_Discrimination_Table LGBT Discrimination Table (Wikipedia)]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Recognition]]
[[Category: Canada]]