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Gender neutral language in Swedish: Difference between revisions
→<translate> Gender-inclusive formulations</translate>
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
The Swedish language has two grammatical genders, common (en-words, previously feminine and masculine but they are now merged) and neuter (ett-words). Swedish has thus been more adaptable to gender-neutral (or gender | The Swedish language has two grammatical genders, common (en-words, previously feminine and masculine but they are now merged) and neuter (ett-words). Swedish has thus been more adaptable to gender-neutral (or gender inclusive) expressions than languages with rigid feminine/masculine distinctions. | ||
Gender-neutral | Gender-neutral/gender-inclusive language is a way of communicating that intentionally avoids assumptions about gender. In Swedish, this can mean:<!--T:146--> | ||
* Using gender-neutral pronouns: ''Hen'' instead of ''han'' (he) or ''hon'' (she). | * Using gender-neutral pronouns: ''Hen'' instead of ''han'' (he) or ''hon'' (she). | ||
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===<translate><!--T:19--> Generic pronoun</translate>=== | ===<translate><!--T:19--> Generic pronoun</translate>=== | ||
<translate><!--T:20--> | <translate><!--T:20--> | ||
To refer to people in general in Swedish, the pronouns "man/en/en" (one/one/one’s) or "en/en/ens" (one/one/one’s) can be used. Swedish’s generic pronoun man/en/ens has been discussed for being male-generalizing, and some people have opted to use en/en/ens instead to make it gender | To refer to people in general in Swedish, the pronouns "man/en/en" (one/one/one’s) or "en/en/ens" (one/one/one’s) can be used. Swedish’s generic pronoun man/en/ens has been discussed for being male-generalizing, and some people have opted to use en/en/ens instead to make it gender neutral. Even though the word "man" is in modern times specifically associated with and viewed as for male people specifically, does also have the etymological meaning of "human" in addition to the meaning "male person". Although in the use of -man as a suffix, it is usually replaced with -kvinna (-woman) for women because it isn't seen as or used as a synonym for human anymore, but it is specifically ingrained and established as male, but as a generic pronoun it's not necessarily viewed that way. Using "en" instead of "man" can be seen as more gender-inclusivity through being non-male-generalizing, and it is also frequently practiced in some of Sweden's regions, so it is a natural grammatical dialect variation in the Swedish language, but can make some common sentences awkward and is not universally recognized. Either one is fine though. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221102131452/https://www4.isof.se/cgi-bin/srfl/visasvar.py?sok=man&svar=78373&log_id=909986] | ||
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<translate><!--T:149--> While the abrahamic God is normally referred to with masculine pronouns even in Swedish, some might opt for using non-gendered words instead as to not apply human concepts to God. To do that one can instead just say "Gud" (God) instead of a pronoun, or the pronoun "de" (typically plural they, is sometimes used as singular they, but using it as plural might seem fitting for a trinity) or "hen" (gender-neutral singular they). The latter (*two, but especially the latter hen) might be controversial depending on who one asks.</translate> | <translate><!--T:149--> While the abrahamic God is normally referred to with masculine pronouns even in Swedish, some might opt for using non-gendered words instead as to not apply human concepts to God. To do that one can instead just say "Gud" (God) instead of a pronoun, or the pronoun "de" (typically plural they, is sometimes used as singular they, but using it as plural might seem fitting for a trinity) or "hen" (gender-neutral singular they). The latter (*two, but especially the latter hen) might be controversial depending on who one asks.</translate> | ||
== <translate><!--T:21--> Gender-inclusive | == <translate><!--T:21--> Gender-inclusive phrasing</translate> == | ||
===<translate><!--T:22--> Inclusive formulations</translate>=== | ===<translate><!--T:22--> Inclusive formulations</translate>=== | ||
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<translate><!--T:32--> | <translate><!--T:32--> | ||
*'''Förälder.''' Neutral, formal, standard. Means parent. | *'''Förälder.''' Neutral, formal, standard. Means parent. | ||
* | *Someone's ''first name'' – or a ''nickname'' of someone's first name – may be preferred instead of using a specific parental word. Using one's name can be a way to move away from gendered parental roles and stereotypes all together. | ||
*'''Päron.''' Neutral, slang/standard. Means “one's folk(s)” in plural and can be used as an alternative to "farsa" (pop/pops) and "morsa" (mum/ma). | *'''Päron.''' Neutral, slang/standard. Means “one's folk(s)” in plural and can be used as an alternative to "farsa" (pop/pops) and "morsa" (mum/ma). | ||
*'''Älder.''' Neutral, formal, nonstandard, little use. An abbreviation of förälder.[https://folkmun.se/definition/%C3%84lder][https://spraktidningen.se/nyord/] | *'''Älder.''' Neutral, formal, nonstandard, little use. An abbreviation of förälder.[https://folkmun.se/definition/%C3%84lder][https://spraktidningen.se/nyord/] | ||