Fertility preservation: Difference between revisions
Formatting fixes, minor wording change
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==Fertility preservation for people born with ovaries== | ==Fertility preservation for people born with ovaries== | ||
[[Masculinizing hormone therapy]] decreases ovulation and stops menstrual bleeding. However, people on masculinizing HRT may still become pregnant.<ref>{{cite journal | | [[Masculinizing hormone therapy]] decreases ovulation and stops menstrual bleeding. However, people on masculinizing HRT may still become pregnant.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Krempasky | first1=Chance | last2=Harris | first2=Miles | last3=Abern | first3=Lauren | last4=Grimstad | first4=Frances | year = 2020 | title = Contraception across the transmasculine spectrum | url = https://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(19)30955-X/fulltext | journal = The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology| volume = 222 | issue = 2| pages = 134–143 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.07.043 | pmid = 31394072 }}</ref> | ||
In patients who have at least begun puberty and who still have their ovaries, oocytes (egg cells) can be cryopreserved for use at a later time. This process can take two or three weeks and requires multiple injections of synthetic hormones which induce oocyte production. During this process, the ovarian cycle is monitored by blood tests and ultrasounds, and eventually the mature oocytes are collected while the patient is sedated. This procedure can be done even if the patient has been on testosterone, but it requires quitting testosterone for a while, at least until menstruation resumes, which may cause [[dysphoria]].<ref name="BlakemoreQuinn2019">{{cite journal|last1=Blakemore|first1=Jennifer K.|last2=Quinn|first2=Gwendolyn P.|last3=Fino|first3=M. Elizabeth|title=A Discussion of Options, Outcomes, and Future Recommendations for Fertility Preservation for Transmasculine Individuals|journal=Urologic Clinics of North America|volume=46|issue=4|year=2019|pages=495–503|issn=00940143|doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2019.07.014}}</ref><ref name="Smith2019" /> | In patients who have at least begun puberty and who still have their ovaries, oocytes (egg cells) can be cryopreserved for use at a later time. This process can take two or three weeks and requires multiple injections of synthetic hormones which induce oocyte production. During this process, the ovarian cycle is monitored by blood tests and ultrasounds, and eventually the mature oocytes are collected while the patient is sedated. This procedure can be done even if the patient has been on testosterone, but it requires quitting testosterone for a while, at least until menstruation resumes, which may cause [[dysphoria]].<ref name="BlakemoreQuinn2019">{{cite journal|last1=Blakemore|first1=Jennifer K.|last2=Quinn|first2=Gwendolyn P.|last3=Fino|first3=M. Elizabeth|title=A Discussion of Options, Outcomes, and Future Recommendations for Fertility Preservation for Transmasculine Individuals|journal=Urologic Clinics of North America|volume=46|issue=4|year=2019|pages=495–503|issn=00940143|doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2019.07.014}}</ref><ref name="Smith2019" /> | ||
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There is a difference between sperm collected from ejaculate and sperm collected directly from the testicles. Ejaculated sperm can be placed in someone's vagina (artificial insemination) and "swim up" to fertilize an egg. However, when sperm is collected directly from the testicles, it is unable to "swim", and thus can only be used via in vitro fertilization, which is more expensive and time-consuming than artificial insemination.<ref name="Utah" /> | There is a difference between sperm collected from ejaculate and sperm collected directly from the testicles. Ejaculated sperm can be placed in someone's vagina (artificial insemination) and "swim up" to fertilize an egg. However, when sperm is collected directly from the testicles, it is unable to "swim", and thus can only be used via in vitro fertilization, which is more expensive and time-consuming than artificial insemination.<ref name="Utah" /> | ||
One should be aware that many patients will have a zero sperm count after just one month of [[Hormone therapy#Feminizing hormone therapy|feminizing hormone therapy]], so it is often better to preserve sperm before starting HRT.<ref name="Utah" /> | |||
==Cost== | ==Cost== | ||