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{{infobox identity
{{infobox identity
| name = Neuter
| related = [[Agender]] and [[Neutrois]]
| flag = Blank_image.jpg
| umbrella = [[Transgender]]
| meaning = This identity does not have a flag
| frequency = <0.1%
| related = [[agender]], [[neutrois]], [[gender neutral]]
}}
}}
'''[[Neuter]]''' is a long-established word for a [[sexes|sex]] or gender outside of the [[gender binary]]. Various dictionaries generally give it these two relevant definitions, among others:  
'''[[Neuter]]''' is a long-established word for a [[sexes|sex]] or gender outside of the [[gender binary]]. Various dictionaries generally give it these two relevant definitions, among others:  
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1. A gender neither masculine nor feminine. [[Genderless]]. [[Gender neutral]]. An [[androgyne|androgynous]] person.  
1. A gender neither masculine nor feminine. [[Genderless]]. [[Gender neutral]]. An [[androgyne|androgynous]] person.  


2. Without sexual organs, or with incomplete sexual organs. In biology and zoology, this can mean animals that were artificially spayed, [[orchiectomy|castrated]], or otherwise [[sterilization|sterilized]], as well as animals who were normally born in that condition, such as worker bees. In botany, neuter can mean plants without pistils and stamens.<ref>"Neuter." ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary.'' https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neuter</ref><ref>"Neuther." ''Dictionary.com.'' https://www.dictionary.com/browse/neuter</ref><ref>"Neuter." ''The Free Dictionary.'' https://www.thefreedictionary.com/neuter</ref>
2. Without sexual organs, or with incomplete sexual organs. In biology and zoology, this can mean animals that were artificially spayed, [[orchiectomy|castrated]], or otherwise [[sterilization|sterilized]], as well as animals who were normally born in that condition, such as worker bees. In botany, neuter can mean plants without pistils and stamens.<ref>"Neuter." ''Merriam-Webster Dictionary.'' https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neuter [https://web.archive.org/web/20230629150041/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neuter Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref><ref>"Neuther." ''Dictionary.com.'' https://www.dictionary.com/browse/neuter [https://web.archive.org/web/20230130143334/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/neuter Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref><ref>"Neuter." ''The Free Dictionary.'' https://www.thefreedictionary.com/neuter [https://web.archive.org/web/20221123190856/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/neuter Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref>


Although the word "neuter" has existed in English with these meanings for hundreds of years, surveys show that it hasn't been common for contemporary [[nonbinary]] people to call themselves neuter.{{Citation needed}} However, neuter was mentioned as one of many valid nonbinary identities in the 2013 text ''Sexuality and Gender for Mental Health Professionals: A Practical Guide''.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=9781446293133|title=Sexuality and Gender for Mental Health Professionals: A Practical Guide|last1=Richards|first1=Christina|last2=Barker|first2=Meg|year=2013|publisher=SAGE Publications}}</ref>
Although the word "neuter" has existed in English with these meanings for hundreds of years, surveys show that it hasn't been common for contemporary [[nonbinary]] people to call themselves neuter.<ref>[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ePCyWMdorSHAaxNcd1Iv64oLvkdgeoZldTdGZZTHlvY/edit#gid=498446722 Gender Census 2019 - the public spreadsheet]. 30 March 2019 [https://web.archive.org/web/20230522223529/https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ePCyWMdorSHAaxNcd1Iv64oLvkdgeoZldTdGZZTHlvY/edit Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref> However, neuter was mentioned as one of many valid nonbinary identities in the 2013 text ''Sexuality and Gender for Mental Health Professionals: A Practical Guide''.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=9781446293133|title=Sexuality and Gender for Mental Health Professionals: A Practical Guide|last1=Richards|first1=Christina|last2=Barker|first2=Meg|year=2013|publisher=SAGE Publications}}</ref>
 
The word in English usage dates back to the 14th century ''neutre'', used in the grammatical sense. The English language borrowed this word from Latin ''neuter'' meaning "neither one nor the other" (''ne-'' "not, no" + ''uter'' "either (of two)"). This Latin word is likely taken in turn from the old Greek word ''oudeteros''.<ref name="etym_neut">{{Cite web |title=neuter (adj.) |author= |work=Online Etymology Dictionary |date= |access-date=20 October 2020 |url= https://www.etymonline.com/word/neuter#etymonline_v_6890|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221090220/https://www.etymonline.com/word/neuter|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>


== Related terms ==
== Related terms ==


* '''FTN'''. In some queer communities, this has meant female-to-neuter (or [[neutrois]]) transsexual (or transgender), as a counterpart to more widely-used terms, FTM (female-to-male, meaning a trans man, or someone on the trans-masculine spectrum) and MTF (male-to-female, meaning a trans woman, or someone on the trans-feminine spectrum).<ref name="neutrois_terms">"LGBTQ terms." ''Neutrois.com.'' [http://neutrois.com/definitions/terms/]</ref>
* '''FTN'''. In some queer communities, this has meant female-to-neuter (or [[neutrois]]) transsexual (or transgender), as a counterpart to more widely-used terms, FTM (female-to-male, meaning a trans man, or someone on the trans-masculine spectrum) and MTF (male-to-female, meaning a trans woman, or someone on the trans-feminine spectrum).<ref name="neutrois_terms">"LGBTQ terms." ''Neutrois.com.'' [http://neutrois.com/definitions/terms/] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230604171327/https://www.neutrois.com/definitions/terms/ Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref>
* '''MTN'''. Male-to-neuter (or [[neutrois]]) transsexual (or transgender).<ref name="neutrois_terms" />
* '''MTN'''. Male-to-neuter (or [[neutrois]]) transsexual (or transgender).<ref name="neutrois_terms" />


== Notable neuter people ==
== Notable neuter people ==
[[File:Claude Cahun.jpg|thumb|[[Claude Cahun]], a neuter artist and anti-fascist.]]


''See main article: [[Notable nonbinary people]]''
''See main article: [[Notable nonbinary people]]''
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There are many more [[notable nonbinary people|notable people who have a gender identity outside of the binary]]. The following are only some of those notable people who specifically use the word "neuter" for themselves.  
There are many more [[notable nonbinary people|notable people who have a gender identity outside of the binary]]. The following are only some of those notable people who specifically use the word "neuter" for themselves.  


* [[Claude Cahun]] (1894 - 1954) was a surrealist artist and a resistance worker against the Nazi occupation of France in WWII. In Cahun's autobiography, ''Disavowals'', they explained, “Masculine? Feminine? It depends on the situation. Neuter is the only gender that always suits me.”<ref>{{Cite book|title=Disavowals : or cancelled confessions|first=Claude|last=Cahun|date=2008|publisher=The MIT Press|isbn=9780262533034|oclc=922878515}}</ref>
* [[Claude Cahun]] (1894 - 1954) was a surrealist artist and a resistance worker against the Nazi occupation of France in WWII. In Cahun's autobiography, ''Disavowals'', they explained, “Masculine? Feminine? It depends on the situation. Neuter is the only gender that always suits me.”<ref>Cahun, C., Malherbe, S. (2008). Disavowals: Or, Cancelled Confessions. United States: MIT Press.</ref>
* Autistic activist and [[intersex]] person [[Jim Sinclair]] has said they are "proudly neuter, both physically and socially."<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207013228/http:/web.syr.edu:80/~jisincla/brief_bio.htm|url=http://web.syr.edu/~jisincla/brief_bio.htm|archive-date=7 February 2009|title=Self-introduction to the Intersex Society of North America|last=Sinclair|first=Jim|date=1997}}</ref>
* Autistic activist and [[intersex]] person [[Jim Sinclair]] (1940 - ) has said they are "proudly neuter, both physically and socially."<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207013228/http:/web.syr.edu:80/~jisincla/brief_bio.htm|url=http://web.syr.edu/~jisincla/brief_bio.htm|archive-date=7 February 2009|title=Self-introduction to the Intersex Society of North America|last=Sinclair|first=Jim|date=1997}}</ref> In 1993 Sinclair wrote the essay, "Don't Mourn for Us", articulating an anti-cure perspective on autism.<ref name=DontMourn>{{cite web|url=http://www.autreat.com/dont_mourn.html|title=Don't mourn for us|publisher=Autreat|author=Sinclair, Jim|year=1993 |accessdate=2014-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711013136/https://www.autreat.com/dont_mourn.html|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>  The essay has been thought of as a touchstone for the fledgling autism-rights movement, and has been mentioned in ''The New York Times''<ref name="Harmon">{{cite web|last=Harmon|first=Amy|title=How About Not 'Curing' Us, Some Autistics Are Pleading|date=2004-12-20|work=The New York Times
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/20/health/20autism.html|accessdate=2007-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407111833/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/20/health/20autism.html|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> and ''New York Magazine''.<ref name=Solomon>{{cite web|last=Solomon|first=Andrew|title=The Autism Rights Movement|date=2008-05-25|work=New York Magazine |url=https://www.nymag.com/news/features/47225/ |accessdate=2008-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704174810/https://nymag.com/news/features/47225/|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref>


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== Neuter characters in fiction ==
== Neuter characters in fiction ==
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* In the book ''Surface Detail'', the character Yime Nsokyi is "neuter-gendered" and has an [[intersex]] body by choice.
* In the book ''Surface Detail'', the character Yime Nsokyi is "neuter-gendered" and has an [[intersex]] body by choice.
* M. C. A. Hogarth's science-fiction series about the Jokka, an alien species that can randomly change sex twice at puberty, with three sexes, and three corresponding gender roles: female, male, and neuter. The neuters can't reproduce, but since they're the least vulnerable to succumbing to "mind death" (a kind of stroke that afflicts any member of their species if they exert themselves too hard), their place in society is to do work that requires a hardy body and a good memory. Several main characters don't like the sexes they ended up with, and could be seen as transgender. The main character in the short story "Freedom, Spiced and Drunk" wishes to be neuter; details aren't possible without spoiling the story.
* M.C.A. Hogarth's science-fiction series about the Jokka, an alien species that has three sexes, called male, female, and neuter. These stories focus on individuals who do not conform to their society's gender roles; some could be considered transgender, and at least one character could be considered to be trans neuter. However, the author often publicly voices her opposition to transgender rights in real life, saying she "Will never stop fighting this trans thing. Never.";<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. Tweet. April 5, 2022. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1511294884514308097 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20220820220131/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1511294884514308097</ref> agreeing with anti-transgender author Abigail Shrier's opposition of the informed consent model of pediatric transgender health care;<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. October 25, 2021. Tweet. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1452699729519947791 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20211026003911/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1452699729519947791</ref> saying she liked Debrah Soh's anti-transgender book;<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. Tweet. May 11, 2022. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1524463492266352643 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20220511185719/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1524463492266352643</ref> siding with a student who expressed anti-transgender views, in reply to an anti-transgender Twitter account;<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. Tweet. May 17, 2022. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1526501664747933696 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20220517095601/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1526501664747933696</ref> being a fan of an anti-trans podcaster;<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. Tweet. July 15, 2022. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1547926016521162752 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20220715124900/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1547926016521162752</ref> asserting the anti-transgender claim that "cisgender is a slur";<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. Tweet. April 29, 2022. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1520102220510937088 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20220821051705/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1520102220510937088</ref> and saying that transgender people should never transition, and should instead content themselves with "the flesh God gave" them.<ref>M.C.A. Hogarth. Tweet. August 23, 2021. https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1429783919889637376 Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20220818215810/https://twitter.com/mcahogarth/status/1429783919889637376</ref> This is an example of how authors who write representation of gender-variant characters can't be assumed to support the human rights of gender-variant people in real life and may even actively oppose it.
* The Kyree, in Mercedes Lackey's World of Velgarth fantasy novel series, are an intelligent wolf-like people with three sexes: male, female, and neuter. Since neuter Kyree aren't obliged to take part in raising offspring, they're the ones who tend to go out into the world on adventures.  
* The Kyree, in Mercedes Lackey's World of Velgarth fantasy novel series, are an intelligent wolf-like people with three sexes: male, female, and neuter. Since neuter Kyree aren't obliged to take part in raising offspring, they're the ones who tend to go out into the world on adventures.  
* The protagonist in Kurt Vonneguts' novel ''Deadeye Dick,'' Rudy Waltz, explicitly identifies as "neuter" and reflects upon the word, its connotation and sexuality on several occassions.


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