Gender recognition: Difference between revisions

| style="background-color:#9ff;" |  Australia allows nonbinary ''and'' intersex people to get passports with the nonbinary gender marker "X (indeterminate/unspecified/intersex)," requiring only a letter from a doctor, not proof of surgery.<ref>https://www.passports.gov.au/web/sexgenderapplicants.aspx</ref> Can change birth certificate to "sex: not specified."<ref>"NSW Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages v Norrie [2014] HCA 11 (2 April 2014)" . High Court of Australia. 2 April 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2015. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/2014/11.html</ref>

| style="background-color:#9f9;" |  Can change birth certificate, including to a nonbinary option, "sex: not specified," if the person has had a "sex affirmation procedure".<ref>"NSW Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages v Norrie [2014] HCA 11 (2 April 2014)" . High Court of Australia. 2 April 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2015. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/2014/11.html</ref>

| style="background-color:#FFB;" | However, people have to be unmarried at the time of the change.<ref>"BIRTHS, DEATHS AND MARRIAGES REGISTRATION ACT 1995 - SECT 32B Application to alter register to record change of sex" . Retrieved 26 July 2015. http://www5.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/bdamra1995383/s32b.html</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Austria)|Austria]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  M or F only. As of June 2016, intersex activist Alex Jürgen is attempting to get a different gender recognised on both the birth certificate and the passport.<ref>"Austria may legally recognize 3rd gender as intersex person challenges authorities in court." RT. June 23, 2016. https://www.rt.com/news/347857-austria-intersex-person-lawsuit/</ref>

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map">Europe Map & Index 2017." ''Transgender Europe''. http://tgeu.org/trans-rights-map-2017/</ref>

|  It is possible to change to an ambiguous name. However, there are high fees for a name change unless one can prove to have a reason that is approved by the state. A name that doesn't correspond to the legal gender can also be chosen, but only as a second or third name - the name that is listed first has to correspond to the legal gender or be ambiguous.<ref>"Vornamensänderung." TransX. http://www.transx.at/Pub/Recht_Vornamen.php</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Argentina)|Argentina]]

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Argentina allows transgender people to get access to legal and medical resources they need to transition, without requiring these things in order to be legally recognized as their gender. They can change their legal gender based on their written declaration, without even a diagnosis.<ref>"Argentina Adopts Groundbreaking Gender Identity Law." Transgender Europe. May 10, 2012. http://tgeu.org/argentina-adopts-ground-breaking-gender-identity-law/</ref> See Argentina's Gender Identity Law as of 2012 [http://tgeu.org/argentina-gender-identity-law/ here]. While this law is said to be the most progressive transgender law in the world,<ref>"FAQ about identity documents." Lambda Legal. http://www.lambdalegal.org/know-your-rights/transgender/identity-document-faq</ref> it doesn't directly mention intersex or nonbinary people.

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| [[Recognition (Armenia)|Armenia]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Azerbaijan)|Azerbaijan]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Bangladesh)|Bangladesh]]

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| [[Recognition (Belarus)|Belarus]]

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Belgium)|Belgium]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Bolivia)|Bolivia]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  "Transgender people in Bolivia will soon be able to legally change their name, sex and gender."<ref>Joe Williams, "Trans people win right to change name and gender in Bolivia." November 28, 2015. Pink News (news). http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2015/11/28/trans-people-win-right-to-change-name-and-gender-in-bolivia/</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Bosnia and Herzegovina)|Bosnia and Herzegovina]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Bulgaria)|Bulgaria]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Canada)|Canada]]

| style="background-color:#9ff;" |  Canada intends to have full support for "X" markers on passports "soon" <ref name="change-sex-ca">http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/passport/apply/new/change-sex.asp</ref>. Interim measures are in place which allow applicants to freely choose an "M" or "F" marker and the option to add an observation indicating the passport bearer's sex should be read as unspecified <ref name="change-sex-ca" />. Ontario Driver's licences have an "X" option for sex. <ref>https://news.ontario.ca/mgs/en/2016/06/gender-on-health-cards-and-drivers-licences.html</ref>

| style="background-color:#E80;" |  Transgender persons can change their legal gender and name after completion of medical intervention in most provinces and territories (not required in Ontario, British Columbia, and Manitoba).<ref>Northwest Territories Human Rights Act, S.N.W.T. 2002, c.18. Section 5.</ref><ref>"Ontario passes law to protect transgender people" CBC News June 13, 2012. Accessed June 13, 2012 http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2012/06/13/ontario-gender-equality.html</ref><ref>http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/topic.page?id=C53953157EE344A681EFD28325B526F4</ref><ref>http://vitalstats.gov.mb.ca/change_of_sex_designation.html</ref>

|  Explicit anti-discrimination protections for transgender people only in Alberta, Northwest Territories, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Ontario, implicit elsewhere.

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Since 2015, transgender persons can change their legal gender and name manifesting their solemn will before a notar, no surgeries or judicial order required.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_rights_by_country_or_territory#cite_note-143</ref>

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#9ff;" |  Denmark allows people to get passports with the gender marker X.<ref>"Denmark: X in Passports and New Trans Law Works." Transgender Europe. September 12, 2014. http://tgeu.org/denmark-x-in-passports-and-new-trans-law-work/</ref>

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Since 2014, no longer requires sterilization, gender identity disorder diagnosis, or ending a marriage in order to change legal sex.<ref>"Denmark becomes Europe’s leading country on legal gender recognition | The European Parliament Intergroup on LGBTI Rights" . Lgbt-ep.eu. 2014-06-12. Retrieved 2015-04-10. http://www.lgbt-ep.eu/press-releases/denmark-becomes-europes-leading-country-on-legal-gender-recognition/</ref> Requires applicants to be over 18, and to wait six months after applying before legal sex change takes effect.<ref>World must follow Denmark's example after landmark transgender law http://www.amnesty.org/en/en/news/denmark-transgender-law-2014-06-12</ref>

|  Danish law includes protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity/expression.<ref>[http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2013.pdfState-sponsored Homophobia A world survey of laws criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults]</ref><ref>[http://www.non-discrimination.net/content/main-legislation-17 Main legislation]</ref> Danish law includes hate crimes legislation, which adds extra penalties for crimes committed against people because of their sexuality and for their gender identity or form of gender expression.<ref>State-sponsored Homophobia A world survey of laws criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2013.pdf</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Estonia)|Estonia]]

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (France)|France]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" | M or F only.

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" /> Doesn't require a note from a doctor or medical intervention, but does not use self-certification alone <ref>http://tgeu.org/france-adopts-1st-gender-recognition-law-trans-people-continue-being-judged/</ref>

|  In 2015, for the first time, France allowed an intersex adult to change their birth certificate to "gender neutral".<ref>Joseph Patrick McCormick. "France legally recognises person as ‘gender neutral’ for the first time." Pink News. October 15, 2015. [1]</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Georgia) (country)|Georgia (country)]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Germany)|Germany]]

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Germany requires newborns with "ambiguous" genitals to have birth certificates with the gender marker "X", meaning no gender entry, to be changed to F or M later in life. Activists fear this will lead to even more pressure for nonconsensual surgery on intersex babies as parents are afraid of this stigmatizing non-marker.<ref>"German proposals for a “third gender” on birth certificates miss the mark". OII Australia. [2]</ref> Its passports still only allow [[Binary genders|binary]] options.<ref>Friederike Heine, "M, F or Blank: 'Third Gender' Official in Germany from November." August 16, 2013. Spiegel Online International (news). http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/third-gender-option-to-become-available-on-german-birth-certificates-a-916940.html</ref>

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  In 2011, Germany stopped requiring transgender people to be coercively [[Sterilization|sterilized]] in order to transition.<ref>"German Federal Court Outlawing Forced Sterilisation (2011)." Transgender Europe. January 7, 2015. http://tgeu.org/german-federal-court-verdict-on-forced-sterilisation-2011/</ref>

|  Some nonbinary people have legally adopted neutral names, arguing the TSG ("law on transsexuals") does not apply to them.<ref>"Namensänderung ohne Transsexuellengesetz". nibiTrans*Ich (blog).[3]</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Greece)|Greece]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (India)|India]]

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| [[Recognition (Ireland)|Ireland]]

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| [[Recognition (Iceland)|Iceland]]

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| [[Recognition (Italy)|Italy]]

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Japan)|Japan]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Japan made legal transition possible in 2004. In order to get one, Japan requires that a transgender person must be unmarried, has never had children, has had genital surgery, and has been sterilized.<ref>http://www.impowr.org/content/current-legal-framework-transgender-issues-japan</ref>

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| [[Recognition (Kenya)|Kenya]]

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| [[Recognition (Latvia)|Latvia]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Lithuania)|Lithuania]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Malaysia)|Malaysia]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Malaysia has no legislation for changing a legal sex, and instead deals with this on a case-by-case basis.

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| [[Recognition (Malta)|Malta]]

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| [[Recognition (Montenegro)|Montenegro]]

| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (Nepal)|Nepal]]

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| [[Recognition (Netherlands)|Netherlands]]

| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| [[Recognition (New Zealand)|New Zealand]]

| style="background-color:#9ff;" |  Allows passports to use a nonbinary gender option, X.<ref>Clarissa-Jan Lim. "New "Third Gender" Option on Nepal Passports Finally Protects the Rights of LGBT Community." Bustle. January 8, 2015. http://www.bustle.com/articles/57466-new-third-gender-option-on-nepal-passports-finally-protects-the-rights-of-lgbt-community</ref> You can change it simply by applying for it.<ref>http://www.wclc.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/How-to-change-your-name-and-gender-under-New-Zealand-law.pdf</ref>

| style="background-color:#9ff;" |  Since 1995, in order to change the gender on your birth certificate, you need to show that you wish to live in your intended gender, and that you have undergone "medical treatment" for it.<ref>http://www.wclc.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/How-to-change-your-name-and-gender-under-New-Zealand-law.pdf</ref> You can change your driver's license simply by applying for it.<ref>http://www.wclc.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/How-to-change-your-name-and-gender-under-New-Zealand-law.pdf</ref>

| style="background-color:#9ff;" | New Zealand allows asylum seekers who face harm on the basis of "gender" and "identity".<ref>https://www.immigration.govt.nz/audiences/supporting-refugees-and-asylum-seekers/asylum-seekers</ref>

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  This country doesn't allow transgender people to change their legal sex, but made an exception for an intersex person.

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" /> Genital surgery is required in order to change legal sex.<ref> "Transsexualismul in Romania" . Accept Romania. Retrieved 2 December 2012. http://accept-romania.ro/lgbt-issues/trans/</ref>  Allowed to marry in accordance with new legal sex.

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Since 2003, legal gender can be changed after medical treatment. Hormone therapy is seen as enough, surgery isn't required.<ref>"Changing your name and gender in your identity document: the Alteration of Sex Description Act 49 of 2003" (PDF). Gender Dynamix. Retrieved 29 September 2013. http://www.genderdynamix.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Act-49-English.pdf</ref>

|  Anti-discrimination laws are interpreted to include gender identity.

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  In 2013 a court ruled that transsexuals can change their legal sex without undergoing genital surgery.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  Doesn't require transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#ffb;" |  In 2012, Sweden stopped requiring transgender people to be coercively sterilized in order to transition,<ref>"Swedish Verdict outlawing forced Sterilisation (2012)." Transgender Europe. http://tgeu.org/administrative-court-of-appeal-in-stockholm-on-sterilisation-requirement-in-gender-recognition-legislation-19-dec-2012/</ref> and in 2014, stopped requiring a mental health diagnosis in order to get legal gender recognition.<ref>"Swedish Court outlaws diagnosis requirement." September 7, 2014. Transgender Europe. http://tgeu.org/administrative-court-in-stockholm-striking-out-diagnosis-in-gender-recognition-16-05-2014/</ref>

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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| style="background-color:#f99;" |  Requires transgender people to be sterilized in order to have legal gender recognition.<ref name="tre_map" />

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