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Revision as of 01:00, 21 June 2022

Genderfluid/pt-br
« Percebi que eu sou tanto uma mulher quanto algo próximo de um homem. Onde eu estou nessa escala varia. »
Alex, 25 (Gênero-fluido)[1]

Gênero-fluido também conhecido como gênero fluido, género-fluido ou fluido de gênero é uma identidade englobada pelos termos guarda-chuva multigênero, não-binárie e transgênero. Indivíduos que são gênero-fluido possuem diferentes identidades de gênero em períodos diferentes. A identidade de gênero de alguém gênero-fluido pode incluir vários gêneros ao mesmo tempo e depois variar para gênero nenhum, por exemplo. Também pode ocorrer variações entre identidades de gênero singulares, ou mesmo uma combinação destes casos. Para algumas pessoas gênero-fluido, essas mudanças acontecem várias vezes durante o dia e, para outras, em períodos mensais ou ainda menos frequentes. As flutuações podem ocorrer tanto regularmente entre alguns gêneros específicos, (a exemplo de pessoas que flutuam entre dois gêneros, as quais podem incluir-se na identidade bigênero), enquanto outras podem ser totalmente inconstantes, de modo que algumas pessoas nunca saberão qual identidade terão em seguida.

Para facilitar a leitura, este artigo usa a palavra gênero-fluido para todas as pessoas que possuem fluidez de gênero. Algumas pessoas que são fluidas de gênero não adotam o termo "gênero-fluido". No lugar, é comum o uso de outros rótulos, como gênero queer, bigênero, multigênero, gênero-fae, poligênero etc. É importante entender que cada pessoa tem o direito de decidir como definir a própria identidade de gênero.

History

Kate Bornstein mentioned gender fluidity in 1994, in the book Gender Outlaw: On Men, Women and the Rest of Us, "and then I found that gender can have fluidity, which is quite different from ambiguity. If ambiguity is a refusal to fall within a prescribed gender code, then fluidity is the refusal to remain one gender or another. Gender fluidity is the ability to freely and knowingly become one or many of a limitless number of genders, for any length of time, at any rate of change. Gender fluidity recognizes no borders or rules of gender."[2]

A palavra "gênero-fluido" tem sido usada, pelo menos, desde os anos 90, embora com um significado um pouco diferente. O advogado transgênero Michael M. Hernandez escreveu, em 1996:

« Gênero-fluido quer dizer que a identidade de gênero e/ou a sua expressão envolve tanto o masculino quanto o feminino. A fluidez de gênero vem se tornando comumente conhecida como transgeneridade: a habilidade de transcender o gênero, seja biológico, emocional, político, entre outros; realmente mesclando masculino e feminino. [3] »

Nos anos 1990 e 2000, pode ter sido mais comum para pessoas gênero-fluido se autodenominarem bigênero ou gênero queer. Antes disso, era comum ainda o termo cross-dresser (transformista).

The earliest extant entry for "gender fluid" in the Urban Dictionary was added in 2007.[4]

In 2010, the Gender-Fluid community was created on LiveJournal.[5]

In 2012, JJ Poole (tumblr user thoughtstoberemembered) created what would become the most widely-used genderfluid flag.[6][7]

Em 2014, "gênero-fluido" foi um dos 56 gêneros disponibilizados aos usuários do Facebook. [8]

In 2015, Dictionary.com added an entry for "gender-fluid,"[9] which it defined as an adjective meaning "noting or relating to a person whose gender identity or gender expression is not fixed and shifts over time or depending on the situation." It listed as synonyms genderfluid, gender fluid, and gender-flexible.[10]

In 2018, Washington state began to allow "X" gender markers on official documents[11], with the law stating that
« "X" means a gender that is not exclusively male or female, including, but not limited to, intersex, agender, amalgagender, androgynous, bigender, demigender, female-to-male, genderfluid, genderqueer, male-to-female, neutrois, nonbinary, pangender, third sex, transgender, transsexual, Two Spirit, and unspecified.[12] »

Fatores que influenciam a fluidez de gênero

« Às vezes, quando eu me sinto de uma tal forma, como se eu estivesse masculino no momento, eu pergunto a mim mesmo "E se eu não mudar? E se eu não for gênero-fluido e sim um homem trans?" Mas eu sempre mudo, e isso é legal e estranho. Eu acho que eu apenas tenho sentimentos mistos sobre isso. É uma coisa boa ou ruim? Eu não sei »
Starling (Gênero-fluido)[1]

Usually, gender fluidity happens by itself, so that a person feels like, say, a girl at a certain time, rather than choosing to be a girl at a certain time.[13] Some genderfluid people find that no outside or inside things tend to influence their gender identity to change. They find that their gender fluidity is unpredictable and happens randomly. Other genderfluid people find that their gender changes depending on the situation and is influenced by inside or outside sources. Some move from one gender to the next on a regular cycle, resembling a lunar cycle, or synchronizing with their menstrual cycle. Other genderfluid people are sometimes able to use their willpower to guide their gender to change in a way and/or at the time that they want it to.

Ciclo menstrual e seu efeito na fluidez de gênero

Isso ainda não é muito claro, mas mudanças de gênero relacionadas ao ciclo menstrual podem ser causadas por como os níveis hormonais naturalmente aumentam e diminuem durante a menstruação. No entanto, também é possível acreditar, erroneamente, que a identidade de gênero se altera conforme o ciclo menstrual, e a única maneira de se ter certeza é manter isso em um diário. Tal registro mode funcionar assim:

Data Identidade de gênero nesse dia Dia no ciclo menstrual
09/03/2013 Homem (o dia todo) 14
10/03/2013 Homem, depois mulher 15

Após coletar dados suficientes, quaisquer padrões existentes deverão se tornar visíveis. Esses padrões podem incluir se sentir em um certo gênero durante um certo dia no ciclo menstrual, ou quando certo hormônio (como o estrogênio) está alto/baixo. Tabelas similares podem ser usadas para rastrear se certa identidade de gênero está relacionada a um ciclo diferente.

In 2012, Case and Ramachandran gave a report on the results of a survey of genderfluid people who call themselves bigender who experience involuntary alternation between female and male states. Case and Ramachandran gave this condition the name "Alternating gender incongruity (AGI)." Case and Ramachandran made the hypothesis that gender alternation may reflect an unusual degree (or depth) of hemispheric switching and the corresponding suppression of sex appropriate body maps in the parietal cortex. They "hypothesize[d] that tracking the nasal cycle, rate of binocular rivalry, and other markers of hemispheric switching will reveal a physiological basis for AGI individuals' subjective reports of gender switches... We base our hypotheses on ancient and modern associations between the left and right hemispheres and the male and female genders."[14][15][16] Case and Ramachandran believe that when bigender people feel a change between their gender identities, it may have to do with a change in how they use parts of their brains. The gender change might also have to do with a natural body cycle, specifically, a valve in the nose that changes sides every two days (the nasal cycle). However, this idea is still only a hypothesis, and more study is needed to confirm it.

Expressão de gênero

Pessoas gênero-fluidas costumam sentir necessidade de alterar sua expressão de gênero para corresponder ao seu gênero naquele momento. Isso pode significar possuir diferentes tipos de roupas em seu armário, de modo a poder se vestir de acordo com sua percepção de mulher, homem ou outro gênero, dependendo de como se sente naquele dia. Isso também pode significar alterar temporariamente o formato do seu corpo por meio de binding, packing, próteses de peito, ou tucking. Todavia, em algumas situações, a mudança da expressão de gênero não é possível. Isso pode acontecer porque as mudanças acontecem mais de uma vez por dia , pois a pessoa não parece andrógena, ou porque ela não se sente segura de se aparentar de certa forma na Sociedade.

Pessoas gênero-fluidas não necessariamente parecem andrógenas. Elas não precisam ter um rosto, corpo ou vestimentas ambíguas.

Gender dysphoria, or feeling painfully uncomfortable about how one's body and social role don't match one's gender, isn't a requirement in order to be genderfluid. Each person is different, experiencing gender fluidity in their own way. Some genderfluid people experience gender dysphoria at times or all the time. Some want to change their bodies and some take a physical transition to do so, which may include hormones or surgery. Others don't choose to transition because any change they make to their body would only feel right to them when they were in a certain gender and would feel wrong in others. Yet others have a difficult time planning their transition path, because their feelings change about what they want.[17][18]

Some genderfluid people ask to be called by a different name[18] and pronouns depending on what gender they feel at a certain time. For people who switch between only two genders, this can mean switching between two names. These may be feminine and masculine versions of the same name[19] or names that don't sound similar at all.[20] They may also take a gender-neutral name that works for them at any time, either in addition to these names, or instead of them.

Fluidez de gênero e Transtorno Dissociativo de Identidade

Pessoas gênero-fluido geralmente não consideram ter múltiplas identidades. A maioria delas se considera sempre a mesma pessoa. com os mesmos gostos e desgostos. No entanto, algumes gênero-fluides alternam entre diferentes personalidades conforme seus gêneros também mudam, assim como seus interesses. Isso é diferente de Transtorno Dissociativo de identidade (DID, em inglês), que é um distúrbio causado pela dissociação e existência de outras identidades. Esse transtorno está frequentemente associado a traumas de abuso sofridos na infância, e quase sempre coexiste com PSPT ou PSPT-C (Pertubação de Stress Pós-traumático e Pertubação de Stress Pós-traumático Complexa, respectivamente). A Fluidez de Gênero não é causada por abuso e não é tão comum em pessoas com PSPT ou PSPT-C.

Sistemas múltiplos/plurais onde algumas identidades possuem gêneros diferentes não caracterizam automaticamente o gênero-fluido. Entretanto, uma identidade individual pode sê-lo.

Pessoas gênero-fluido importantes

Dorian Electra performando em 2018.
Sand Chang na Cúpula Nacional de Saúde Transgênero 2017

Ver o artigo principal: Pessoas não-binárias importantes

Existem muitas outras pessoas notáveis que não se identificam com um gênero binário. As seguintes são apenas algumas dessas que usam as palavras gênero-fluido ou gênero fluido para se descreverem.

  • Courtney Act (b. 1982) is an Australian drag queen, pop singer, entertainer and reality television personality. Act first came to prominence competing on the first season of Australian Idol in 2003. She identifies as genderfluid[21], genderqueer, pansexual, and polyamorous.[22]
  • Bimini Bon Boulash (b. 1993) is a British drag artist known for appearing in RuPaul's Drag Race UK. In 2021 they tweeted that they are "fluid when it comes to gender."[23]
  • Sand C. Chang, PhD is a Chinese-American clinical psychologist and educator.[24] Dr. Chang is nonbinary, genderqueer, genderfluid, demiboy[25] and femme.[26] They are one of the authors of A Clinician's Guide to Gender-Affirming Care: Working with Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Clients.
  • Jonathan Rachel Clynch (b. 1971) is a well-known journalist in Ireland. As reported in the Daily Beast: "One of Irish broadcaster RTE’s best-known journalists just [in 2015] came out as 'gender fluid,' and the response so far seems wholly positive. ... The 44-year-old, who has yet to make a public statement, told his bosses that he wishes to now be known as Jonathan Rachel and would sometimes dress as a female. ... Clynch has worked with RTE for 16 years, often filling in on Radio One’s flagship 'News at One.' ... 'He has been open about it for a while now and his friends and family were all aware of his situation. He is going through a process at the moment and will speak about it in his own time and he hopes everyone will be respectful of that.'"[27]
  • Asia Kate Dillon (b. 1984) is an American actor known for playing Brandy Epps in Orange Is the New Black (2013) and Taylor Mason in Billions (2016). Dillon is nonbinary and genderfluid.[28]
  • Dorian Electra (b. 1992) is an American singer, songwriter, video and performance artist. Electra said, "Styling is so important to me as a genderfluid person, to be able to say “I’m a very flaming flammable guy”... it’s just very satisfying, ’cause that’s how I see myself, but I know it’s not necessarily how other people see me – they still call me ‘ma’am’ and stuff like that."[29]
  • Nikki Hiltz is an American mid-distance runner who came out in 2021, saying "The best way I can explain my gender is as fluid. Sometimes I wake up feeling like a powerful queen and other days I wake up feeling as if I'm just a guy being a dude, and other times I identify outside of the gender binary entirely."[35]
  • Jana Hunter is an American songwriter and musician who is trans and genderfluid.[36]

Siufung Law é ume ativista e fisiculturista de Hong Kong, cuja bio na homepage diz que elu se identifica como gênero-fluido.

  • Bethany C. Meyers launched the fitness app for be.come, specializing in body-positive workouts. They also gave a TED talk on empowerment and body neutrality. Meyers is also bisexual, and wrote, "When I get comments about not being 'gay enough' it hurts. Aside from the way my marriage may look to others, I'm pretty gay. I'm attracted to women, I date women, I sleep with women, my friends are queer, I feel/think queer, I identity as gender fluid / non-binary, my partner the same."[37]

Ruby Rose (1986) é uma atriz australiana que ganhou o ASTRA Awards, GQ Austrália, GLAAD Media Awards e o Australian LGBTI Awards. "Em 22 de Julho de 2014, Rose revelou ser gênero-fluido, dizendo que 'eu sou muito fluida em termos de gênero, e me sinto como se eu acordasse todo o dia meio neutra nesse quesito.' Esse anúncio ocorreu aproximadamente uma semana após ela lançar um curta-metragem chamado "Break Free", no qual ela visivelmente transita de uma mulher bastante feminina para um homem totalmente tatuado."

  • Ciarán Strange (b. 1989)[38] is an English and Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor.[39] Strange composed the theme song for TV's first-ever transgender-focused sitcom, The Switch.[40]
  • SaSa Testa is the author of the autobiography Soy Sabrina, Soy Santiago: Género fluido y nuevas identidades (I am Sabrina, I am Santiago: Genderfluid and new identities). Testa is genderfluid.[41]
  • Hida Viloria (b. 1968) is a Latinx American writer and intersex and nonbinary rights activist, of Colombian and Venezuelan descent. Viloria is Founding Director of the Intersex Campaign for Equality, and author of the memoir Born Both: An Intersex Life. Viloria identifies as intersex and genderfluid.[47]

Genderfluid characters in fiction

A screenshot of pronoun selection in Read Only Memories. Selecting 'more options' allows you to choose from 'ze/zir/, 'xe/xir', or your own custom pronouns.

See main article: Nonbinary gender in fiction

There are many more nonbinary characters in fiction who have a gender identity outside of the binary. The following are only some of those characters who are specifically called by the words "genderfluid" or "fluid gender", either in their canon, or by their creators. At the very least, characters in this section should be known to present different gender expressions at different times, if the word "genderfluid" isn't used.

  • Brendan Chase. At the end of the novel, Freakboy, the main character, Brendan Chase identifies themselves as genderfluid. The book is primarily about their transition, and does end on a depressing note regarding their gender.
  • Alex Fierro, in Rick Riordan's Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard, is a genderfluid character who first appears in the second book and uses both he/him and she/her pronouns.
  • Tedd. El Goonish Shive includes a main character who identifies as genderfluid several years into the comic. Author Dan Shive has said that Tedd, like the author, has always been genderfluid but did not realise there was a word for it or even a concept of being nonbinary until much later in life. The comic also includes various other LGBT characters as well as shapeshifting technology.
  • Kami / Porcelain. The 'New 52' version of Secret Six introduces new character Kami / Porcelain, who is genderfluid and has been shown presenting as male, female and androgynously.
  • TOMCAT. In the video game Read Only Memories the character TOMCAT uses they/them pronouns. While it is not directly stated in-game that TOMCAT is nonbinary, artist and director John James has stated in an interview that TOMCAT "is gender fluid"[48].The game also includes other nonbinary characters, including the robot Turing and the protagonist if the player chooses so.
  • Symptoms of Being Human stars Riley Cavanaugh, a closeted genderfluid teenager. Note: the book has some possibly triggering subjects, including child abuse, transphobic violence, bullying, and suicidal thoughts.[49]
  • In The Tiger's Watch by Julia Ember, the protagonist Tashi is genderfluid and uses singular they pronouns. The author notes that "Being misgendered and forced to change their appearance in order to hide is a source of conflict in the novel. It is not the central plot conflict, though."[50]
  • Sal in Mask of Shadows and Ruin of Stars, by Linsey Miller, is genderfluid.
  • Recurring character Puck/Owen Burnett in the 1994-1997 Disney show Gargoyles was confirmed to be genderfluid and polysexual by a 2014 interview with the creative team.[51]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 This quote is a snippet from an answer to the survey conducted in the year 2018. Note for editors: the text of the quote, as well as the name, age and gender identity of its author shouldn't be changed.
  2. "gender-fluid". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
  3. Hernandez, Michael M. (1996). "Boundaries: Gender and Transgenderism". The Second Coming: A Leatherdyke Reader.
  4. http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=gender+fluid
  5. http://gender-fluid.livejournal.com/profile
  6. https://majesticmess.com/2018/12/20/interview-creator-of-the-genderfluid-flag/
  7. https://lostinthoughtspaceandfantasies.tumblr.com/post/28596790877/jaidynmarri-a-proposed-design-for-a-genderfluid
  8. Eve Shapiro, Gender circuits: Bodies and identities in a technological age. Unpaged.
  9. "New words added to Dictionary.com." May 6, 2015. Dictionary.com. http://blog.dictionary.com/2015-new-words/
  10. "Gender-fluid." Dictionary.com. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/gender-fluid
  11. Jackman, Josh (5 January 2018). "Washington to recognise third gender in groundbreaking move". PinkNews. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  12. "WAC 246-490-075: Changing sex designation on a birth certificate". Washington State Legislature. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  13. Kat. http://bigender.livejournal.com/65619.html?thread=267859#t267859
  14. Case, L. K.; Ramachandran, V. S. (2012). "Alternating gender incongruity: A new neuropsychiatric syndrome providing insight into the dynamic plasticity of brain-sex". Medical Hypotheses 78 (5): 626–631. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.041. PMID 22364652https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22364652
  15. "Bigender - Boy Today, Girl Tomorrow?". Neuroskeptic. April 8, 2012. http://neuroskeptic.blogspot.com/2012/04/bigender-boy-today-girl-tomorrow.html
  16. Stix, Gary (2012-04-20). "'Alternating Gender Incongruity' Causes Rapid Shifts Of Gender, Scientist Claims". The Huffington Posthttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/19/alternating-gender-incongruity_n_1438911.html
  17. http://genderfluidprobs.tumblr.com/post/37659220000/genderfluid-problem-28 [Dead link]
  18. 18.0 18.1 Kat. "Hi I'm new." Bigender (blog/forum). http://bigender.livejournal.com/64281.html
  19. Leo/Leann. http://bigender.livejournal.com/65263.html?thread=269551#t269551
  20. DamianBella. http://bigender.livejournal.com/65619.html?thread=265811#t265811
  21. @courtneyact (8 May 2018). "I am a gender fluid person & in the public eye. I'm passionate about gender & sexuality & do my best to understand the greater conversation by reading & educating myself but I'm still always scared to tweet the wrong thing & offend someone and be vilified by others #genderquake". Retrieved 3 April 2020 – via Twitter.
  22. Courtney Act. "About". Retrieved 3 April 2020. She’s a Prius driving, vegan, pansexual, polyamorous, genderqueer, hippy child
  23. @biminibabes (21 January 2021). "My idea was originally to paint my body in the colours of the trans* flag because I wanted to celebrate the beauty of being Trans and non-binary. As a person that identifies as fluid when it comes to gender" – via Twitter.
  24. "Sand Chang". Trans Bodies, Trans Selves. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  25. Kramer, Kaiya (11 December 2015). "Ep 69 Dr. Sand Chang Licensed Psychologist Interview". The Queer Life Radio. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  26. Harrison, Christy (2 April 2018). "Food Psych #150: Disordered Eating & Gender Identity with Sand Chang". Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  27. Tom Sykes, "A ‘Gender Fluid’ Journalist Comes Out To Irish Cheers." 2015-09-18. Daily Beast. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/09/18/a-gender-fluid-journalist-comes-out-to-irish-cheers.html
  28. Masters, Jeffrey (13 April 2017). "Asia Kate Dillon Talks Discovering The Word Non-Binary: 'I Cried'". HuffPost. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  29. https://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/44167/1/dorian-electra-new-song-video-flamboyant-interview
  30. "interview: Evan Greer". The Grey Estates. April 5, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  31. "Evan Greer - Bio". evangreer.org. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  32. Greer, Evan (23 February 2017). "Trump is bullying transgender kids because he thinks he can get away with it". the Guardian. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  33. @evan_greer (Oct 11, 2017). "I love my life and I love myself. I love being gender fluid and I am happy with my body. I feel incredibly lucky to feel that way" – via Twitter.
  34. @evan_greer (Oct 11, 2017). "THREAD: as a gender nonconforming trans femme, every day is #NationalComingOutDay for me. Even in queer spaces, I must assert that I exist" – via Twitter.
  35. Hiltz, Nikki (June 20, 2021). "In coming out as trans, Nikki Hiltz is visible, vulnerable, and making track more inclusive". On Her Turf. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  36. Hunter, Jana (10 April 2015). "What It's Like to Be a Female Musician When You Don't Identify as a Woman". Cosmopolitan. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
  37. Braidwood, Ella (23 August 2018). "Bethany Meyers has penned a powerful message to her bisexual fans". PinkNews. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  38. "Ciarán Strange: Actor Bio". LezWatch.TV. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  39. "Tear Down The Wall" music video released, watchtheswitch.tumblr.com, June 17, 2014
  40. Siebert, Amanda (26 August 2015). "Kieran Strange gets vocal for nerd life and LGBT rights". The Georgia Straight. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  41. Hadad, Camila (24 October 2018). ""Me dicen SaSa porque no me siento ni Sabrina ni Santiago: no soy ni hombre ni mujer"" ["Call me SaSa because I don't feel like Sabrina or Santiago: I'm neither man nor woman"]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  42. 42.0 42.1 https://www.instagram.com/nicotortorella/
  43. "Nico Tortorella Opens Up About Sexuality & Gender Identity". Just Jared. 13 July 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  44. "American actor Nico Tortorella comes out as gender fluid". Gay Times. 2018-05-17. Retrieved 2018-05-19.
  45. Instagram bio
  46. "Alok Vaid-Menon Will Not 'Tone it Down'". www.advocate.com. 2019-08-28. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
  47. Viloria, Hida (7 April 2017). "If You Claim To Be Sex Positive, Then You Need To Be Intersex Positive". HuffPost. Retrieved 25 April 2020. As I write about in my memoir Born Both: An Intersex Life, I’m intersex and gender-fluid (meaning my gender identity and expression changes)
  48. Jesse Tannous, "Read Only Memories Director discusses LGBTQ themes in gaming." June 20, 2015. The Examiner. https://web.archive.org/web/20151023215026/http://www.examiner.com/article/read-only-memories-director-discusses-lgbtq-themes-gaming
  49. "Symptoms Of Being Human Summary". SuperSummary. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  50. "Shade asked: This sounds like an awesome story! I'm confused by the use of 'their' instead of 'her' or 'him' though".
  51. "We created the first-ever searchable database of 259 LGBTQ characters in cartoons that bust the myth that kids can't handle inclusion". insider.com. June 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2021.