Uranian: Difference between revisions
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{{disclaimer|This article contains terminology from the 19th and 20th centuries which some may consider outdated, insensitive, and/or offensive depending on their context or usage.}} | {{disclaimer|This article contains terminology from the 19th and 20th centuries which some may consider outdated, insensitive, and/or offensive depending on their context or usage.}} | ||
[[File:Uranian drawing.PNG|thumb|311x311px|A drawing made by Adolf, a schizophrenia patient who identified himself as Uranian, when explaining his gender identity to the psychoanalyst Dudley Ward Fay in 1922.]] | [[File:Uranian drawing.PNG|thumb|311x311px|A drawing made by Adolf, a schizophrenia patient who identified himself as Uranian, when explaining his gender identity to the psychoanalyst Dudley Ward Fay in 1922.]] | ||
'''Uranian''', or '''Urning''', was a term used during the 19th and early-20th Centuries whose meanings have varied depending on the circumstances of its use. Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, who is believed to have coined the term, divided Uranian into separate sub-classifications, with ''Mannling'' Uranians generally describing effeminate homosexual men, and ''Weibling'' Uranians being used to describe people, who were not [[Sexes|assigned female at birth]], who identify and act female in all regards.<ref name=" | '''Uranian''', or '''Urning''', was a term used during the 19th and early-20th Centuries whose meanings have varied depending on the circumstances of its use. Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, who is believed to have coined the term, divided Uranian into separate sub-classifications, with ''Mannling'' Uranians generally describing effeminate homosexual men, and ''Weibling'' Uranians being used to describe people, who were not [[Sexes|assigned female at birth]], who identify and act female in all regards.<ref name="Ulrichs1">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_bAkQAAAAYAAJ|title=Forschungen über das Räthsel der mannmännlichen Liebe|last=Ulrichs|first=Karl Heinrich|date=|publisher=C. Hübscher'sche Buchhandlung (Hugo Heyn)|others=|year=1868|location=Leipzig|pages=10}}</ref> Although this distinction did originally exist, by the early-20th century Uranian had become an umbrella term for effeminate, homosexual men, third gender people, and assigned men at birth who identified themselves as female, with few using Ulrichs' original sub-classifications. | ||
In Ulrichs' work where he first uses the term Urning (a German word from which the English "Uranian" is said to have derived), the separate term [[Urningin]] was proposed for homosexual, assigned female at birth people who identify and/or act in a generally-masculine way.<ref name=" | In Ulrichs' work where he first uses the term Urning (a German word from which the English "Uranian" is said to have derived), the separate term [[Urningin]] was proposed for homosexual, assigned female at birth people who identify and/or act in a generally-masculine way.<ref name="Ulrichs2">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/bub_gb_bAkQAAAAYAAJ|title=Forschungen über das Räthsel der mannmännlichen Liebe|last=Ulrichs|first=Karl Heinrich|date=|publisher=C. Hübscher'sche Buchhandlung (Hugo Heyn)|others=|year=1868|location=Leipzig|pages=6}}</ref> Urningin was very rarely used (if at all) in English language publications however, and its meaning was considered by some to fall within the range of meanings of Uranian on its own. | ||
By the 1920s or 1930s, the term Uranian had fallen out of usage in English, most likely due to the lack of definition and general impreciseness it had acquired during the decades prior. | By the 1920s or 1930s, the term Uranian had fallen out of usage in English, most likely due to the lack of definition and general impreciseness it had acquired during the decades prior. | ||
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a) '''Mannlinge:''' Körperhabitus, d. i. der Gesammtausdruck der Bewegungen, Gebärden und Manieren, Gemüthsart, Art der Liebessehnsucht und des geschlechtlichen Begehrens: sämmtlich männlich; weiblich also nur das nackte Geschlect der Seele, weiblich nur der Liebessehnsucht Richtung; d. i. gerichtet auf das männliche Geschlecht. | a) '''Mannlinge:''' Körperhabitus, d. i. der Gesammtausdruck der Bewegungen, Gebärden und Manieren, Gemüthsart, Art der Liebessehnsucht und des geschlechtlichen Begehrens: sämmtlich männlich; weiblich also nur das nackte Geschlect der Seele, weiblich nur der Liebessehnsucht Richtung; d. i. gerichtet auf das männliche Geschlecht. | ||
b) '''Weiblinge:''' die ganannten Stücke sämmtlich weiblich; männlich also nur das alleinige Geschlect des Körpers.|attr1=Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, ''Forschungen über das Räthsel der mannmännlichen Liebe''<ref name=" | b) '''Weiblinge:''' die ganannten Stücke sämmtlich weiblich; männlich also nur das alleinige Geschlect des Körpers.|attr1=Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, ''Forschungen über das Räthsel der mannmännlichen Liebe''<ref name="Ulrichs1" /> | ||
|a) '''Mannling:''' [Manling] (in) body habit, i.e. the overall expression of movements, gestures, manners, mood, and the type of love-longing and sexual desire are all male; femininity is therefore only within the sex of the psyche, meaning (one is) feminine only in pursuit of longing for love; i.e. being directed towards the male sex. | |a) '''Mannling:''' [Manling] (in) body habit, i.e. the overall expression of movements, gestures, manners, mood, and the type of love-longing and sexual desire are all male; femininity is therefore only within the sex of the psyche, meaning (one is) feminine only in pursuit of longing for love; i.e. being directed towards the male sex. | ||
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===Anna Rueling=== | ===Anna Rueling=== | ||
Lesbian activist Anna Rueling used the term in a 1904 speech, "What Interest Does the Women's Movement Have in Solving the Homosexual Problem?"<ref name=" | Lesbian activist Anna Rueling used the term in a 1904 speech, "What Interest Does the Women's Movement Have in Solving the Homosexual Problem?"<ref name="Meem">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pAny0qfa6qsC&pg=PA79|title=Finding Out: An Introduction to LGBT Studies|first1=Deborah T.|last1=Meem|first2=Michelle|last2=Gibson|first3=Michelle A.|last3=Gibson|first4=Jonathan|last4=Alexander|date=28 May 2018|publisher=SAGE|via=Google Books|isbn=9781412938655}}</ref> | ||
===Dudley Ward Fay and Adolf=== | ===Dudley Ward Fay and Adolf=== | ||