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m (Removed "masculine" from "masculine indirect object pronoun", since indirect object pronouns don't have gender) |
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This | {{Template:Gender neutral language}} | ||
[[File:ParentsFloat2009MarchaDF.JPG|thumb|Parents of Gays float at the 2009 Marcha Gay in Mexico City. The banner shows the @ symbol substituted for the masculine "o" or feminine "a" to make it gender neutral.]] | |||
'''Gender neutral language in Spanish''' is more difficult than [[gender neutral language]] (also called gender inclusive language) in some other languages, because its grammatical gender is pervasive, and it has no true neutral grammatical gender, at least not in standard usage. See the main article on [[gender neutral language]] for general reasons to use neutral language, common problems in using it, and its use for [[nonbinary]] people. | |||
Spanish has two grammatical genders, masculine and feminine. Like other Romance languages, it's very difficult to talk about a person in a gender-neutral way. This is because every adjective, noun, and article are all either masculine or feminine. It's difficult or even impossible to be completely gender-neutral in standard Spanish. However, feminists, LGBT people, and other activists today have made ideas for how to speak Spanish in a gender-neutral way when necessary. For example, it's now common for people to write "Latinx," "Latine" or "Latin@" as a gender-inclusive version of "Latino" and "Latina". For more information, see [[Wikipedia:Gender neutrality in Spanish and Portuguese|Wikipedia's article: Gender neutrality in Spanish and Portuguese]]. | |||
(Example)// | |||
• They/he/she | |||
I guess if they're cool with it. | |||
• Em/him/her | |||
Let's tell em then. | |||
• Theirs/his/hers | |||
Hey it's theirs. | |||
• Pers/his/her | |||
That's pers. | |||
• Perself/himself/herself | |||
They will do it perself. | |||
*Spanish* | |||
• Elle/he/she | |||
Elle ya sabe. (They already know) | |||
• Elle/him/her | |||
Es elle. (That's em) | |||
• Elle's/pers | |||
Eso es de elle. (That's pers) | |||
• Sí misme/Elle misme/himself/herself (even the "self" suffix is gender polarized in Spanish: "Sí mismo/Sí misma or Él mismo/ Ella misma). | |||
Preparó el café para sí misme. (Made that coffee to perself) | |||
Elle misme se hizo eso. (They did that to perself) | |||
Other Ideas | |||
• Le/La/El | |||
Le Joven | |||
• Bonite/Bonita/Bonito | |||
Elle es bonite por dentro y por fuera. (They're pretty both out and inside). | |||
• Hermose/Hermosa/Hermoso | |||
Qué hermose eres (You are so handosme) | |||
• Linde/Linda/Lindo | |||
Tan linde que quiero llorar. (So cute that I'm going to cry). | |||
• Guape/Guapa/Guapo | |||
Hoy está muy guape. (They look handsome today) | |||
•Liste/Lista/Listo. | |||
Es demasiado liste para su propio bien. (They're too smart to be good to perself) | |||
• Both "o" and "a" at the end of most nouns and adjectives in Spanish let you know the specific gender for that word. In order to form gender neutral words, those endings are commonly replaced either by "e", "x" or "@". As time has passed, the "e" solution has become the mainstream way to say it, because it's the only of those options that can be actually used whilst speaking. | |||
•There are some neutral-gender pronouns in Spanish that were not made for non-gendering speaking (as it's the "e" solution above), and can be pretty useful in various situations. | |||
•There's also a common mistake among spanish speakers on the use of "la" or "lo" as the article for indirect complement, which shall be "le", the neutral one. This mistake is a consequence of the use of those articles for the direct object. | |||
•The gendered ending (-"a", -"o") at the end of the possessive pronouns (ie. "suyo") refer to the gender of the noun it represents, not the gender of the possessor of that noun (the opposite of how it works in English). | |||
Ese muñeco es suyo. (That toy is theirs) | |||
== Letter substitution == | == Letter substitution == | ||
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* '''Ⓐ'''. The anarchy symbol happens to look like a mix of an O and A, and some radical political writings use it in their place, in the sense of rebellion against gender roles and other oppressive aspects of society.<ref name="tawny">Phoenix Tawnyflower. "Nonbinary Spanish." May 24, 2014. ''Reflections of a Queer Artist'' (personal blog). http://phoenixtawnyflower.blogspot.com/2014/05/nonbinary-spanish.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20220924210924/https://phoenixtawnyflower.blogspot.com/2014/05/nonbinary-spanish.html Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref>For example: niñⒶ buenⒶ, lⒶs amigⒶs, LatinⒶ. Like the more common @, this would also be pronounced "ao". | * '''Ⓐ'''. The anarchy symbol happens to look like a mix of an O and A, and some radical political writings use it in their place, in the sense of rebellion against gender roles and other oppressive aspects of society.<ref name="tawny">Phoenix Tawnyflower. "Nonbinary Spanish." May 24, 2014. ''Reflections of a Queer Artist'' (personal blog). http://phoenixtawnyflower.blogspot.com/2014/05/nonbinary-spanish.html [https://web.archive.org/web/20220924210924/https://phoenixtawnyflower.blogspot.com/2014/05/nonbinary-spanish.html Archived] on 17 July 2023</ref>For example: niñⒶ buenⒶ, lⒶs amigⒶs, LatinⒶ. Like the more common @, this would also be pronounced "ao". | ||
* '''e'''. The letter E represents an alternative to the O and A.<ref name="Schmidt">{{Cite web |title=A Language for All |last=Schmidt |first=Samantha |work=Washington Post |date=5 December 2019 |access-date=29 May 2020 |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/12/05/teens-argentina-are-leading-charge-gender-neutral-language/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510125055/https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/12/05/teens-argentina-are-leading-charge-gender-neutral-language/ |archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref><ref name="socialchange" /> For example: niñe buene, les amigues, Latine. Many nouns and adjectives already end in -e, so it can sound natural to create new -e versions. A few words would need spelling changes to keep the pronunciation the same: if the E comes after a C, the C becomes "qu" (chico – chique); after G, it becomes "gu" (gallego – gallegue).<ref name="gubb" /> The neutral E would go with with the proposed neutral pronouns elle or ele.<ref name="pronounlist /> <ref name="tawny" /> | * '''e'''. The letter E represents an alternative to the O and A.<ref name="Schmidt">{{Cite web |title=A Language for All |last=Schmidt |first=Samantha |work=Washington Post |date=5 December 2019 |access-date=29 May 2020 |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/12/05/teens-argentina-are-leading-charge-gender-neutral-language/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510125055/https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/12/05/teens-argentina-are-leading-charge-gender-neutral-language/ |archive-date=17 July 2023 }}</ref><ref name="socialchange" /> For example: niñe buene, les amigues, Latine. Many nouns and adjectives already end in -e, so it can sound natural to create new -e versions. A few words would need spelling changes to keep the pronunciation the same: if the E comes after a C, the C becomes "qu" (chico – chique); after G, it becomes "gu" (gallego – gallegue).<ref name="gubb" /> The neutral E would go with with the proposed neutral pronouns elle or ele.<ref name="pronounlist /> <ref name="tawny" /> | ||
* '''i'''. The letter I is a substitute for O and A. For example: niñi bueni, lis | * '''i'''. The letter I is a substitute for O and A. For example: niñi bueni, lis amiguis, Latini. This would go with the proposed neutral pronoun elli.<ref name="pronounlist /> | ||
* '''u'''. The letter U is a substitute for O and A. For example: niñu buenu, lus amigus, Latinu. This would go with the proposed neutral pronoun ellu.<ref name="pronounlist /> | * '''u'''. The letter U is a substitute for O and A. For example: niñu buenu, lus amigus, Latinu. This would go with the proposed neutral pronoun ellu.<ref name="pronounlist /> | ||
* '''x'''. The letter X represents the absence of either O or A.<ref name="sikian /><ref name="genderfork /><ref name="socialchange /> It's one of the most commonly used in this list, and is intuitive in writing, but can't be pronounced in Spanish. For example: niñx buenx, lxs amigxs, Latinx. This would go with the proposed neutral pronoun ellx | * '''x'''. The letter X represents the absence of either O or A.<ref name="sikian /><ref name="genderfork /><ref name="socialchange /> It's one of the most commonly used in this list, and is intuitive in writing, but can't be pronounced in Spanish. For example: niñx buenx, lxs amigxs, Latinx. This would go with the proposed neutral pronoun ellx.<ref name="pronounlist /> | ||
{{Clear}} | {{Clear}} | ||
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| @ letter substitution || un@ || un@s ||<nowiki>|@</nowiki> || <nowiki>|@s</nowiki> | | @ letter substitution || un@ || un@s ||<nowiki>|@</nowiki> || <nowiki>|@s</nowiki> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| e letter substitution || une<ref name="gubb" /> || unes<ref name="gubb" /> || le. This creates a homonym for the | | e letter substitution || une<ref name="gubb" /> || unes<ref name="gubb" /> || le. This creates a homonym for the singular indirect object pronoun, le. <ref name="gubb" /><ref name="tawny" /> || les. Also a homonym for the plural indirect object pronoun, les.<ref name="gubb" /><ref name="tawny" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| i letter substitution || uni? || unis? || li || lis | | i letter substitution || uni? || unis? || li || lis |
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