List of nonbinary identities: Difference between revisions
I just found out that graygender meets requirements for being common enough, so I added it. Also fixed a missing reference in the entry for bissu.
imported>Sekhet (→B: Added bissu.) |
imported>Sekhet (I just found out that graygender meets requirements for being common enough, so I added it. Also fixed a missing reference in the entry for bissu.) |
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[[File:Puang Matoa 2004.JPG|thumb|120px|A ''bissu'' leader named Puang Matoa Saidi, in 2004.<ref name="Saidi">M. Farid W Makkulau. "Remembered Saidi with Bissu Tradition." ''Palotaraq''. May 26, 2018. Retrieved July 14, 2020. https://palontaraq.id/2018/05/26/remembered-saidi-with-bissu-tradition</ref>]] | [[File:Puang Matoa 2004.JPG|thumb|120px|A ''bissu'' leader named Puang Matoa Saidi, in 2004.<ref name="Saidi">M. Farid W Makkulau. "Remembered Saidi with Bissu Tradition." ''Palotaraq''. May 26, 2018. Retrieved July 14, 2020. https://palontaraq.id/2018/05/26/remembered-saidi-with-bissu-tradition</ref>]] | ||
* '''[[gender-variant identities worldwide#bissu|bissu]]'''. For the past six centuries, the Bugis people of Indonesia have divided their society into five genders, which must coexist harmoniously: ''oroané'' (cisgender men), ''makkunrai'' (cisgender women), ''calabai'' (transgender women), ''calalai'' (transgender men), and ''bissu'' (all aspects of gender combined to form a whole).<ref>"Sulawesi's fifth gender" . Inside Indonesia. https://web.archive.org/web/20120728104208/http://www.insideindonesia.org/edition-66-apr-jun-2001/sulawesi-s-fifth-gender-3007484 Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 2011-07-25.</ref><ref><a href="http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/29/IIASNL29_27.pdf">"Sex, Gender, and Priests in South Sulawesi, Indonesia"</a> (PDF). International Institute for Asian Studies. Retrieved 2011-07-25. </ref> <ref>Davies, Sharyn Graham. Gender Diversity in Indonesia: Sexuality, Islam and Queer Selves (ASAA Women in Asia Series), Routledge, 2010.</ref><ref>Davies, Sharyn Graham. Challenging Gender Norms: Five Genders Among Bugis in Indonesia (Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology), Wadsworth Publishing, 2006.</ref><ref>Pelras, Christian. The Bugis (The Peoples of South-East Asia and the Pacific), Wiley-Blackwell, 1997.</ref><ref name=Prezi>{{cite web |url=http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/29/IIASNL29_27.pdf |title=Sex, Gender, and Priests in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |publisher=[[International Institute for Asian Studies]] |accessdate=2011-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721074825/http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/29/IIASNL29_27.pdf |archive-date=21 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Someone is born with the propensity to become ''bissu'' if they are [[intersex]], but ambiguous genitalia alone do not confer the state of being a ''bissu'', and ambiguous genitalia need not be visible. A normative male who becomes a ''bissu'' is believed to be female on the inside.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.insideindonesia.org/edition-66/sulawesi-s-fifth-gender-3007484 |title=Sulawesi's fifth gender |journal=[[Inside Indonesia]] |accessdate=2011-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728104208/http://www.insideindonesia.org/edition-66-apr-jun-2001/sulawesi-s-fifth-gender-3007484 |archive-date=28 July 2012 }}</ref> In order to become ''bissu'', one must learn priestly skills, remain celibate, and wear conservative clothes.<ref name=ABC/><ref name=Prezi1>{{cite web|website=Prezi|url=https://prezi.com/yhh0sdzysou5/the-bugis-five-genders-and-belief-in-a-harmonious-world/|title=The Bugis Five Genders and Belief in a Harmonious World|first=Karlana|last=June|date=23 February 2015|accessdate=27 February 2019}}</ref> Until the 1940s, the ''bissu'' were central to keeping ancient palace rituals alive, including coronations of kings and queens.<ref name=ABC/> Changes in the Bugis government sidelined the ''bissu''. Persecution from hardline Islamic groups, police, and politicians resulted in fewer people taking on the role. By 2019, the ''bissu'' still exist, though their numbers have declined. ''Bissu'' today participate in weddings as maids of honour, and work as farmers, as well as performing their cultural roles as priests.<ref name=ABC/> | * '''[[gender-variant identities worldwide#bissu|bissu]]'''. For the past six centuries, the Bugis people of Indonesia have divided their society into five genders, which must coexist harmoniously: ''oroané'' (cisgender men), ''makkunrai'' (cisgender women), ''calabai'' (transgender women), ''calalai'' (transgender men), and ''bissu'' (all aspects of gender combined to form a whole).<ref>"Sulawesi's fifth gender" . Inside Indonesia. https://web.archive.org/web/20120728104208/http://www.insideindonesia.org/edition-66-apr-jun-2001/sulawesi-s-fifth-gender-3007484 Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 2011-07-25.</ref><ref><a href="http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/29/IIASNL29_27.pdf">"Sex, Gender, and Priests in South Sulawesi, Indonesia"</a> (PDF). International Institute for Asian Studies. Retrieved 2011-07-25. </ref> <ref>Davies, Sharyn Graham. Gender Diversity in Indonesia: Sexuality, Islam and Queer Selves (ASAA Women in Asia Series), Routledge, 2010.</ref><ref>Davies, Sharyn Graham. Challenging Gender Norms: Five Genders Among Bugis in Indonesia (Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology), Wadsworth Publishing, 2006.</ref><ref>Pelras, Christian. The Bugis (The Peoples of South-East Asia and the Pacific), Wiley-Blackwell, 1997.</ref><ref name=Prezi>{{cite web |url=http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/29/IIASNL29_27.pdf |title=Sex, Gender, and Priests in South Sulawesi, Indonesia |publisher=[[International Institute for Asian Studies]] |accessdate=2011-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721074825/http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/29/IIASNL29_27.pdf |archive-date=21 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Someone is born with the propensity to become ''bissu'' if they are [[intersex]], but ambiguous genitalia alone do not confer the state of being a ''bissu'', and ambiguous genitalia need not be visible. A normative male who becomes a ''bissu'' is believed to be female on the inside.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.insideindonesia.org/edition-66/sulawesi-s-fifth-gender-3007484 |title=Sulawesi's fifth gender |journal=[[Inside Indonesia]] |accessdate=2011-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728104208/http://www.insideindonesia.org/edition-66-apr-jun-2001/sulawesi-s-fifth-gender-3007484 |archive-date=28 July 2012 }}</ref> In order to become ''bissu'', one must learn priestly skills, remain celibate, and wear conservative clothes.<ref name=ABC>{{cite news|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation News|first=Farid M|last=Ibrahim|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-27/indonesia-fifth-gender-might-soon-disappear/10846570|accessdate=27 February 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227045350/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-27/indonesia-fifth-gender-might-soon-disappear/10846570|archive-date=27 February 2019|title=Homophobia and rising Islamic intolerance push Indonesia's intersex bissu priests to the brink|date=27 February 2019}}</ref><ref name=Prezi1>{{cite web|website=Prezi|url=https://prezi.com/yhh0sdzysou5/the-bugis-five-genders-and-belief-in-a-harmonious-world/|title=The Bugis Five Genders and Belief in a Harmonious World|first=Karlana|last=June|date=23 February 2015|accessdate=27 February 2019}}</ref> Until the 1940s, the ''bissu'' were central to keeping ancient palace rituals alive, including coronations of kings and queens.<ref name=ABC/> Changes in the Bugis government sidelined the ''bissu''. Persecution from hardline Islamic groups, police, and politicians resulted in fewer people taking on the role. By 2019, the ''bissu'' still exist, though their numbers have declined. ''Bissu'' today participate in weddings as maids of honour, and work as farmers, as well as performing their cultural roles as priests.<ref name=ABC/> | ||
* '''[[boi]]'''. A queer masculine identity which is not cis-heteronormative.<ref>{{cite book|title=The A-Z of Gender and Sexuality|page=56|year=2019|isbn=9781784506636}}</ref> Boi originated in African American culture during the 1990s. It covers a wide variety of alternative masculine identities in emo, BDSM, gay male, lesbian, and genderqueer communities. For some, but not all, boi is an identity outside the gender binary. Not all who use it are people of color. Definitions of "boi" vary widely.<ref name="Trans Bodies 612">Laura Erickson-Schroth, ed. ''Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community.'' Oxford University Press, 2014. P. 612.</ref><ref>http://genderqueerid.com/post/52144260437/hello-i-once-heard-somebody-say-the-term-boi</ref><ref>"bklyn boihood." https://prezi.com/ybttsym4mewd/bklyn-boihood/</ref><ref>Riley, "Don't call me butch: What kind of lez are you?" September 21, 2011. ''Lez Get Real.'' http://web.archive.org/web/20140116213509/http://lezgetreal.com/2011/09/dont-call-me-butch-what-kind-of-lez-are-you/ (archive)</ref> In the 2016 Nonbinary/Genderqueer Survey, 3 of the 3055 respondents said their gender was boi.<ref name=NBGQ2016 /> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 76 of the 11,242 respondents (0.68%) said their gender was boi, or used boi as part of a word for their gender identity, such as femme boy, femboi, tomboi, or demiboy.<ref name="2019 Gender Census" /> | * '''[[boi]]'''. A queer masculine identity which is not cis-heteronormative.<ref>{{cite book|title=The A-Z of Gender and Sexuality|page=56|year=2019|isbn=9781784506636}}</ref> Boi originated in African American culture during the 1990s. It covers a wide variety of alternative masculine identities in emo, BDSM, gay male, lesbian, and genderqueer communities. For some, but not all, boi is an identity outside the gender binary. Not all who use it are people of color. Definitions of "boi" vary widely.<ref name="Trans Bodies 612">Laura Erickson-Schroth, ed. ''Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community.'' Oxford University Press, 2014. P. 612.</ref><ref>http://genderqueerid.com/post/52144260437/hello-i-once-heard-somebody-say-the-term-boi</ref><ref>"bklyn boihood." https://prezi.com/ybttsym4mewd/bklyn-boihood/</ref><ref>Riley, "Don't call me butch: What kind of lez are you?" September 21, 2011. ''Lez Get Real.'' http://web.archive.org/web/20140116213509/http://lezgetreal.com/2011/09/dont-call-me-butch-what-kind-of-lez-are-you/ (archive)</ref> In the 2016 Nonbinary/Genderqueer Survey, 3 of the 3055 respondents said their gender was boi.<ref name=NBGQ2016 /> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 76 of the 11,242 respondents (0.68%) said their gender was boi, or used boi as part of a word for their gender identity, such as femme boy, femboi, tomboi, or demiboy.<ref name="2019 Gender Census" /> | ||
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* '''[[gendervoid]]'''. Coined by Tumblr user Baaphomett in 2014 by a submission to the MOGAI-archive blog.<ref name="baaphomett masterpost">Baaphomett. "Masterpost of genders coined by Baaphomett." ''Mogai-Archive.'' Original post where these were coined, which is lost: http://mogai-archive.tumblr.com/post/91736136744/masterpost-of-genders-coined-by-baaphomett Archive of that post: https://purrloinsucks.tumblr.com/post/95720973644/masterpost-of-genders-coined-by-baaphomett Archive of that archive: https://archive.is/yULU0#selection-169.2-169.93</ref> "A gender consisting of the void (also/originally used to mean the same thing as genderless)."<ref name="baaphomett masterpost" /> In the 2016 Nonbinary/Genderqueer Survey, 9 of the 3,055 respondents (0.29%) called themselves gendervoid or another variation.<ref name=NBGQ2016 /> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 91 of the 11,242 respondents (0.81%) called their gender "void," "voidgender," "gendervoid," or other variations.<ref name="2019 Gender Census" /> | * '''[[gendervoid]]'''. Coined by Tumblr user Baaphomett in 2014 by a submission to the MOGAI-archive blog.<ref name="baaphomett masterpost">Baaphomett. "Masterpost of genders coined by Baaphomett." ''Mogai-Archive.'' Original post where these were coined, which is lost: http://mogai-archive.tumblr.com/post/91736136744/masterpost-of-genders-coined-by-baaphomett Archive of that post: https://purrloinsucks.tumblr.com/post/95720973644/masterpost-of-genders-coined-by-baaphomett Archive of that archive: https://archive.is/yULU0#selection-169.2-169.93</ref> "A gender consisting of the void (also/originally used to mean the same thing as genderless)."<ref name="baaphomett masterpost" /> In the 2016 Nonbinary/Genderqueer Survey, 9 of the 3,055 respondents (0.29%) called themselves gendervoid or another variation.<ref name=NBGQ2016 /> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 91 of the 11,242 respondents (0.81%) called their gender "void," "voidgender," "gendervoid," or other variations.<ref name="2019 Gender Census" /> | ||
* '''[[graygender]], greygender, gray agender''', or '''grey agender'''.<ref name="Pride-Flags">{{Cite web |title=Graygender / Gray Agender |author=Pride-Flags |work=DeviantArt |date=23 August 2015 |access-date=20 May 2020 |url= https://www.deviantart.com/pride-flags/art/Graygender-Gray-Agender-555820442}}</ref> (Note that this is a regional spelling difference. In American English, the ''color'' is called ''gray'', but in the rest of the English-speaking world, the ''colour'' is called ''grey''.) Graygender was coined by Tumblr user invernom in March 2014.<ref>[https://invernom.tumblr.com/post/80158494356/identifying-as-graygendergreygender Identifying As “Graygender”/“Greygender”], invernom, 20 March 2014</ref> It means "A person who identifies as (at least partially) outside the gender binary and has a strong natural ambivalence about their [[gender identity]] or [[gender expression]]. They feel they have a gender(s), as well as a natural inclination or desire to express it, but it's weak and/or somewhat indeterminate/indefinable, or they don’t feel it most of the time, or they’re just not that invested in it. They're not entirely without a gender or gender expression, but they're not entirely "with" it either."<ref>[https://mogai-library.tumblr.com/post/126492755533/graygreygender Gray/greygender] by mogai-library, 12 August 2015</ref> In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 31 responses (0.27%) were this. Of them, 5 were graygender, 20 were greygender, 3 were grey, 2 were grey gender, 1 was greygenderflux.<ref name="2019 Gender Census" /> | |||
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