LGBT: Difference between revisions
→Queer: Adding a ref for "queer" being anti-assimilationist. Marking a Google Books link as broken. Formatting the WPATH ref
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Beginning around the 1980s, the word "queer" began to become a political reclamation. Flyers like one circulated in the 1990 New York Pride Parade proclaimed queer as a word indicative of a rejection of heteronormative standards.<ref>["Published anonymously by Queers"]. 1990. QUEERS READ THIS: A leaflet distributed at pride march in NY. http://www.qrd.org/qrd/misc/text/queers.read.this</ref> | Beginning around the 1980s, the word "queer" began to become a political reclamation. Flyers like one circulated in the 1990 New York Pride Parade proclaimed queer as a word indicative of a rejection of heteronormative standards.<ref>["Published anonymously by Queers"]. 1990. QUEERS READ THIS: A leaflet distributed at pride march in NY. http://www.qrd.org/qrd/misc/text/queers.read.this</ref> | ||
In the early 1990s, the academic discipline of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queer_theory queer theory] developed. This comes from the use of "queer" as a political statement and a gender stance, which places queerness as against assimilation. The field of queer theory not only looks into LGBT history, but the ramifications of queer theory itself.<ref>https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PNYlUuvPOQ8C&pg=PA1&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100358573|title=queer theory|website=Oxford Reference|language=en|doi=10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100358573|access-date=2021-07-04}}</ref> | In the early 1990s, the academic discipline of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queer_theory queer theory] developed. This comes from the use of "queer" as a political statement and a gender stance, which places queerness as against assimilation. The field of queer theory not only looks into LGBT history, but the ramifications of queer theory itself.<ref>https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PNYlUuvPOQ8C&pg=PA1&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false {{dead link}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100358573|title=queer theory|website=Oxford Reference|language=en|doi=10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100358573|access-date=2021-07-04}}</ref> | ||
For many people even today, "queer" represents a rejection of assimilation and respectability politics, whereas rejection of the word queer is associated with assimilationist politics. Queer is used by activists that seek broader societal changes that reach the most disenfranchised LGBT people.<ref>Ferry, Nicole C. (2012) [https://journal.jctonline.org/index.php/jct/article/view/368 Rethinking the Mainstream Gay and Lesbian Movement Beyond the Classroom Exclusionary Results from Inclusion-Based Assimilation Politics]. ''Journal of Curriculum Theorizing''. '''28''', (2): 104-117.</ref> | For many people even today, "queer" represents a rejection of assimilation and respectability politics, whereas rejection of the word queer is associated with assimilationist politics. Queer is used by activists that seek broader societal changes that reach the most disenfranchised LGBT people.<ref>Ferry, Nicole C. (2012) [https://journal.jctonline.org/index.php/jct/article/view/368 Rethinking the Mainstream Gay and Lesbian Movement Beyond the Classroom Exclusionary Results from Inclusion-Based Assimilation Politics]. ''Journal of Curriculum Theorizing''. '''28''', (2): 104-117.</ref><ref name="Gamson1995">{{cite journal|last1=Gamson|first1=Joshua|title=Must Identity Movements Self-Destruct? A Queer Dilemma|journal=Social Problems|volume=42|issue=3|year=1995|pages=390–407|issn=00377791|doi=10.2307/3096854}}</ref> | ||
However, queer is still used as a slur against LGBT people.<ref>''Cassell's Dictionary of Slang,'' 2nd ed (2005), p. 1161.</ref><ref>''The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English'' (2008), p. 792-793.</ref> The degree to which queer is considered offensive varies by region and by generation. In 2011, one blogger, themself queer and genderqueer, called it the slur of choice in the UK among "queer bashers," making it necessary to "fight tooth and nail" for their right to call themself both in the 1990s.<ref name=":0" /> As with other hate speech, it is very common{{Citation needed}} | However, queer is still used as a slur against LGBT people.<ref>''Cassell's Dictionary of Slang,'' 2nd ed (2005), p. 1161.</ref><ref>''The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English'' (2008), p. 792-793.</ref> The degree to which queer is considered offensive varies by region and by generation. In 2011, one blogger, themself queer and genderqueer, called it the slur of choice in the UK among "queer bashers," making it necessary to "fight tooth and nail" for their right to call themself both in the 1990s.<ref name=":0" /> As with other hate speech, it is very common{{Citation needed}} among LGBT+ people for the word to be a trigger for post-traumatic flashbacks of memories of violence, harassment, and abuse. | ||
Even so, the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) Standards of Care V7 listed genderqueer as one of many specific terms used by people outside the gender binary in 2011.<ref>World Professional Association for Transgender Health | Even so, the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) Standards of Care V7 listed genderqueer as one of many specific terms used by people outside the gender binary in 2011.<ref>{{cite web|author=World Professional Association for Transgender Health|date=2012 |title= Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Conforming People [7<sup>th</sup> Version] |page=96 |url= https://www.wpath.org/publications/soc}}</ref> In response, [[non-gendered]] activist [[Christie Elan-Cane]] spoke against queer being applied to per, calling the use of "[[genderqueer|gender queer]]" in the WPATH standards inappropriate, offensive, and a barrier to mainstream acceptance.<ref>Christie Elan-Cane. November 5, 2011. http://elancane.livejournal.com/9367.html</ref> Others, calling themselves genderqueer, praised the WPATH inclusion as validating their identities, calling Elan-Cane's complaints generational rather than universal.<ref name=":0">Mac. November 7, 2011. http://nonbinary.tumblr.com/post/12475693948/when-umbrella-terms-cause-offence-christie</ref> | ||
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