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Gender-variant identities worldwide/en: Difference between revisions
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* '''Era:''' ??? - to present<ref>{{cite journal|title=Sexualities and Genders in Zapotec Oaxaca|last=Stephen|first=Lynn|date=March 2002|journal=Latin American Perspectives |doi=10.1177/0094582X0202900203 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249691394_Sexualities_and_Genders_in_Zapotec_Oaxaca |volume=29|issue=2|page=41-59}}</ref> | * '''Era:''' ??? - to present<ref>{{cite journal|title=Sexualities and Genders in Zapotec Oaxaca|last=Stephen|first=Lynn|date=March 2002|journal=Latin American Perspectives |doi=10.1177/0094582X0202900203 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249691394_Sexualities_and_Genders_in_Zapotec_Oaxaca |volume=29|issue=2|page=41-59}}</ref> | ||
* '''Description of sex/gender:''' AMAB individuals who take on feminine roles. Similar to the Muxe, described below.<ref name="opentextbook">{{Cite web |title=Chapter 3: Global Sexualities: LGBTQ Anthropology Past, Present, and Future {{!}} Glossary |author= |work=LGBTQ+ Studies: An Open Textbook |date= |access-date=5 December 2020 |url= https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-lgbtq-studies/chapter/global-sexualities-glossary/}}</ref> | * '''Description of sex/gender:''' AMAB individuals who take on feminine roles. Similar to the Muxe, described below.<ref name="opentextbook">{{Cite web |title=Chapter 3: Global Sexualities: LGBTQ Anthropology Past, Present, and Future {{!}} Glossary |author= |work=LGBTQ+ Studies: An Open Textbook |date= |access-date=5 December 2020 |url= https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-lgbtq-studies/chapter/global-sexualities-glossary/}}</ref> | ||
* '''Role in society:''' "The ''biza'ah'' sometimes engage in the stereotypically feminine activities of their community such as the making of ceremonial candles."<ref name="DTAglobal">{{Cite web |title=Global Terms |author= |work=Digital Transgender Archive |date= |access-date=5 December 2020 |url= https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms}}</ref> | * '''Role in society:''' "The ''biza'ah'' sometimes engage in the stereotypically feminine activities of their community such as the making of ceremonial candles."<ref name="DTAglobal">{{Cite web |title=Global Terms |author= |work=Digital Transgender Archive |date= |access-date=5 December 2020 |url=https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703064116/https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
=== Kipijuituq === | === Kipijuituq === | ||
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[[File:Amaranta Gómez Regalado.jpg|thumb|Mexican ''muxe'' social anthropologist and human rights activist [[Amaranta Gómez Regalado]] (b. 1977), speaking at the "We Move the World" event in Argentina, 2020.]] | [[File:Amaranta Gómez Regalado.jpg|thumb|Mexican ''muxe'' social anthropologist and human rights activist [[Amaranta Gómez Regalado]] (b. 1977), speaking at the "We Move the World" event in Argentina, 2020.]] | ||
* '''Name of identity:''' ''Muxe'', also spelled ''muxhe''. This is Zapotec for "woman," but their society distinguishes them from women.<ref name="muxe cobelo">Luis Cobelo. "Cooking with Muxes, Mexico's Third Gender." ''Vice'' (magazine). July 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/bmp3zv/cooking-with-muxes-mexicos-third-gender</ref> Another possible origin of the word is the Spanish word for "woman", ''mujer''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://origin-www.goethe.de/mmo/priv/4038800-STANDARD.pdf|title=Muxe: el tercer sexo|last=Bennholdt-Thomsen|first=Veronika|work=|year=2008|agency=Goethe Institut|language=Spanish|access-date=March 13, 2016|via=}}</ref> | * '''Name of identity:''' ''Muxe'', also spelled ''muxhe''. This is Zapotec for "woman," but their society distinguishes them from women.<ref name="muxe cobelo">Luis Cobelo. "Cooking with Muxes, Mexico's Third Gender." ''Vice'' (magazine). July 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/bmp3zv/cooking-with-muxes-mexicos-third-gender</ref> Another possible origin of the word is the Spanish word for "woman", ''mujer''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://origin-www.goethe.de/mmo/priv/4038800-STANDARD.pdf|title=Muxe: el tercer sexo|last=Bennholdt-Thomsen|first=Veronika|work=|year=2008|agency=Goethe Institut|language=Spanish|access-date=March 13, 2016|via=|archive-date=April 4, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404062747/https://origin-www.goethe.de/mmo/priv/4038800-STANDARD.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
* '''Culture:''' Zapotec cultures of Oaxaca (southern Mexico) | * '''Culture:''' Zapotec cultures of Oaxaca (southern Mexico) | ||
* '''Era:''' Pre-Columbian to present.<ref name="muxe cobelo" /> A post-Columbian origin myth for the ''muxe'' says the ''muxe'' "fell out from the pocket of Vicente Ferrer, the patron saint of [the small town Juchitán de Zaragoza], as he passed through town, which, according to locals, means they were born under a lucky star. A second version of the saint’s legend says that Vicente Ferrer was carrying three bags: one with female seeds, one with male seeds and one where the two were mixed. According to this story, the third bag sprung a leak in Juchitán, and that’s the reason why there are so many muxes here."<ref name="muxe bbc" /> | * '''Era:''' Pre-Columbian to present.<ref name="muxe cobelo" /> A post-Columbian origin myth for the ''muxe'' says the ''muxe'' "fell out from the pocket of Vicente Ferrer, the patron saint of [the small town Juchitán de Zaragoza], as he passed through town, which, according to locals, means they were born under a lucky star. A second version of the saint’s legend says that Vicente Ferrer was carrying three bags: one with female seeds, one with male seeds and one where the two were mixed. According to this story, the third bag sprung a leak in Juchitán, and that’s the reason why there are so many muxes here."<ref name="muxe bbc" /> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/content/two-spirits_map-html/ PBS: A Map of Gender-Diverse Cultures]. This is an interactive world map showing the locations of dozens of cultures that recognize nonbinary genders. | * [https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/content/two-spirits_map-html/ PBS: A Map of Gender-Diverse Cultures]. This is an interactive world map showing the locations of dozens of cultures that recognize nonbinary genders. | ||
* [https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms Digital Transgender Archive: Global Terms] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230703064116/https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms Digital Transgender Archive: Global Terms] | ||
* [https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/397872/understanding-the-pacific-s-alternative-genders Understanding the Pacific's alternative genders] | * [https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/397872/understanding-the-pacific-s-alternative-genders Understanding the Pacific's alternative genders] | ||