Gender neutral language in Swedish: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:34, 24 April 2024

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Gender neutral language

The Swedish language has two grammatical genders, common and neuter. Swedish is easier than gender neutral language (also called gender inclusive language) in many other languages, because its grammatical gender is less pervasive than in languages like German or French. See the main article on gender neutral language for general reasons to use neutral language, common problems in using it, and its use for nonbinary people.

Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Gender-neutral third-person singular[edit | edit source]

Swedish’s official gender-neutral pronoun is hen/hen/hens. The Swedish common-inanimate pronoun den/den/dens (equivalent to it/it/its) is also used for gender-neutral language and by some nonbinary people, as well as the non-standard anglicized practice of singular de/dem/deras (they/them/their). Some nonbinary people have also opted for neopronoun such as hin/hin/hins, which is in actuality an obsolete pronoun that means something alike “that one”, but is in modern times pretty much only used in the set phrase “hin håle” (the hard one, the devil).

Hen	Standard gender-neutral/third-gender personal pronoun
hen	Subject form
hen/henom	Object form is generaly just "hen", but some use "henom". It is very individual.
hens	Possessive form

Den	Gender-neutral/common-inanimate "it"
den	Subject/object form
dens/dess	Possessive form

De	Non-standard anglicized singular "they"
de	Subject form is sometimes written "dom"
dem	Object form is sometimes written "dom"
deras	Possessive form

Hin	Neopronoun/obsolete pronoun "hin"
hin	Subject/object form
hins	Possessive form

Generic pronoun[edit | edit source]

Swedish’s generic pronoun man/en/ens (one/one/one’s) has been discussed for being androcentric, and some people have opted to use en/en/ens instead to make it gender inclusive. En/en/ens is not just used for gender-inclusivity however, but it is also a regional dialect variation.

Family and relationship words[edit | edit source]

Parents[edit | edit source]

Förälder. Neutral, formal, standard.
Päron. Neutral, slang/standard. Means “one's folk(s)” in plural and in singular.
Älder. Neutral, formal, nonstandard.
Förre. Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
Föffe. Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
Mappa. Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
Pamma. Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
Wawa. Neutral, informal, nonstandard.

Children[edit | edit source]

Barn. Neutral, standard. Means child/kid.
Bebis. Neutral, standard. Means baby.
Småbarn. Neutral, standard. Means toddler.
Tonåring. Neutral, standard. Means teenager.
Ungdom. Neutral, standard. Means youth/youngster.

Grandparents[edit | edit source]

Förförälder. Neutral, nonstandard but will be understood. Means grandparent.
Förför. Neutral, nonstandard. Means grandy/grandma/grandpa.
Morför. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means maternal grandparent.
Farför. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means paternal grandparent.
Förmor. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means parent’s mother/grandma.
Förfar. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means parent’s father/grandpa.

Siblings and related family[edit | edit source]

Syskon. Neutral, standard. Means sibling(s).
Lillasyskon/Storasyskon. Neutral, standard. Means little sibling(s)/big sibling(s).
Yngre syskon/Äldre syskon. Neutral, standard. Means younger sibling(s)/older sibling(s).
Föräldrasyskon/försyskon. Neutral, nonstandard. Means pibling(s)/parent’s sibling(s).
Morssyskon. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means mother’s sibling(s).
Farssyskon. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means father’s sibling(s).
Föster. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means parent’s sister/aunt.
Förbror. Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means parent’s brother/uncle.
Syskonbarn. Neutral, standard. Means nibling/niece/nephew.
Systerbarn. Partially neutral, standard. Means sister’s child.
Brorsbarn. Partially neutral, standard. Means brother’s child.
Syskondotter. Partially neutral, standard. Means sibling’s child/niece.
Syskonson. Partially neutral, standard. Means sibling’s child/nephew.
Kusin. Neutral, standard. Means cousin.
Syssling. Neutral, standard but “tremänning” is more common. Means second-cousin.
Brylling. Neutral, standard but “fyrmänning” is more common. Means third-cousin.
Pyssling. Neutral, standard but “femmänning” is more common. Means fourth-cousin.

Partners[edit | edit source]

Partner. Neutral, standard. Means partner.
Sambo. Neutral, standard. Means cohabitation-partner.
Älskling. Neutral, standard. Means love.
Brudpartner. Neutral, nonstandard. Means marrier/spouse-to-be/nearly-wed.
Förlovade/Fästperson. Neutral, standard/nonstandard. Means betrothed/fiance.
Gemål. Neutral, formal. Means wedded spouse.
Dejt. Neutral, standard. Means date.
Sällskap. Status-neutral and gender-neutral word for someone's accompanying person.

In-law & step-family/bonus-family[edit | edit source]

Svärförälder. Neutral, standard. Means parent-in-law.
Svärbarn. Neutral, standard. Means child-in-law.
Svärsyskon. Neutral, standard. Means sibling(s)-in-law.
Styvförälder/Bonusförälder. Neutral, standard. Means step-parent/bonus-parent.
Styvsyskon/Bonussyskon. Neutral, standard. Means step-child/bonus-child.
Styvbarn/Bonusbarn. Neutral, standard. Means step-sibling(s)/bonus-sibling(s).

Wedding words[edit | edit source]

Gifta/Livspartners. Neutral, standard. Means two spouses/maritial partners.
Brudfölje. Neutral, standard. Means bridesmaids and groomsmen, the bridalpair's entourages.
Respektive fästfölje. Neutral, nonstandard. Means the respective entourages of a marrying couple, bridesmaids and groomsmen.
Fästföljare. Neutral, nonstandard. Used to refer to one person in the bridalpair's entourage.
Hedersperson/Hedersvän. Can naturally be used as a gender-neutral stand-in for a maid of honor or a best man.

Other words[edit | edit source]

Vuxen. Neutral, standard. Means adult.
Gamling. Neutral, standard. Means elderly.
Hemmapartner, hemmaförälder. Neutral, standard. Means housepartner/housespouse and stay-at-home parent.
Änkeperson. Neutral, standard. Means widowed person.
Tronföljare. Neutral, standard. Means crown-successor.
Prin, kronprin. Neutral, nonstandard. Means princess/prince and crownprincess/crownprince.
Regent/Monark. Neutral, standard. Mean regnant, monarch, queen/king.
Ni!/Hörrni!/Folk!. Neutral, standard. Means “you” and “folk(s)”, can be used when calling multiple people instead of saying girls and/or guys.
Ärade/kära publik/gäster/vänner/folk. Neutral, standard. Gender-inclusive way of saying “ladies & gentlemen”.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<languages />
 {{Template:Gender neutral language}}
-'''Gender neutral language in Swedish.''' The Swedish language has two grammatical genders, common and neuter. Swedish is easier than gender neutral language (also called gender inclusive language) in many other languages, because its grammatical gender is less pervasive than in languages like German or French. See the main article on gender neutral language for general reasons to use neutral language, common problems in using it, and its use for nonbinary people.
+<translate><!--T:1--> The Swedish language has two grammatical genders, common and neuter. Swedish is easier than gender neutral language (also called gender inclusive language) in many other languages, because its grammatical gender is less pervasive than in languages like German or French. See the main article on gender neutral language for general reasons to use neutral language, common problems in using it, and its use for nonbinary people.</translate>
-==Pronouns==
+==<translate><!--T:2--> Pronouns</translate>==
-===Gender-neutral third-person singular===
+===<translate><!--T:3--> Gender-neutral third-person singular</translate>===
-Swedish’s official gender-neutral pronoun is hen/hen/hens. The Swedish common-inanimate pronoun den/den/dens (equivalent to it/it/its) is also used for gender-neutral language and by some nonbinary people, as well as the non-standard anglicized practice of singular de/dem/deras (they/them/their). Some nonbinary people have also opted for neopronoun such as hin/hin/hins, which is in actuality an obsolete pronoun that means something alike “that one”, but is in modern times pretty much only used in the set phrase “hin håle” (the hard one, the devil).
+<translate><!--T:4--> Swedish’s official gender-neutral pronoun is hen/hen/hens. The Swedish common-inanimate pronoun den/den/dens (equivalent to it/it/its) is also used for gender-neutral language and by some nonbinary people, as well as the non-standard anglicized practice of singular de/dem/deras (they/them/their). Some nonbinary people have also opted for neopronoun such as hin/hin/hins, which is in actuality an obsolete pronoun that means something alike “that one”, but is in modern times pretty much only used in the set phrase “hin håle” (the hard one, the devil). </translate>
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! <u>Hen</u>
-! Standard gender-neutral/third-gender personal pronoun
+! <translate><!--T:5--> Standard gender-neutral/third-gender personal pronoun </translate>
 |-
 !hen
-|Subject form
+|<translate><!--T:6--> Subject form</translate>
 |-
 !hen/henom
-|Object form is generaly just "hen", but some use "henom". It is very individual.
+|<translate><!--T:7--> Object form is generaly just "hen", but some use "henom". It is very individual. </translate>
 |-
 !hens
-|Possessive form
+|<translate><!--T:8--> Possessive form </translate>
 |}
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! <u>Den</u>
-! Gender-neutral/common-inanimate "it"
+! <translate><!--T:9--> Gender-neutral/common-inanimate "it" </translate>
 |-
 !den
-|Subject/object form
+|<translate><!--T:10--> Subject/object form </translate>
 |-
 !dens/dess
-|Possessive form
+|<translate><!--T:11--> Possessive form </translate>
 |}
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! <u>De</u>
-! Non-standard anglicized singular "they"
+! <translate><!--T:12--> Non-standard anglicized singular "they" </translate>
 |-
 !de
-|Subject form is sometimes written "dom"
+|<translate><!--T:13--> Subject form is sometimes written "dom"</translate>
 |-
 !dem
-|Object form  is sometimes written "dom"
+|<translate><!--T:14--> Object form  is sometimes written "dom"</translate>
 |-
 !deras
-|Possessive form
+|<translate><!--T:15--> Possessive form </translate>
 |}
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! <u>Hin</u>
-! Neopronoun/obsolete pronoun "hin"
+! <translate><!--T:16--> Neopronoun/obsolete pronoun "hin" </translate>
 |-
 !hin
-|Subject/object form
+|<translate><!--T:17--> Subject/object form </translate>
 |-
 !hins
-|Possessive form
+|<translate><!--T:18--> Possessive form </translate>
 |}
-===Generic pronoun===
+===<translate><!--T:19--> Generic pronoun</translate>===
-Swedish’s generic pronoun man/en/ens (one/one/one’s) has been discussed for being androcentric, and some people have opted to use en/en/ens instead to make it gender inclusive. En/en/ens is not just used for gender-inclusivity however, but it is also a regional dialect variation.
+<translate><!--T:20--> Swedish’s generic pronoun man/en/ens (one/one/one’s) has been discussed for being androcentric, and some people have opted to use en/en/ens instead to make it gender inclusive. En/en/ens is not just used for gender-inclusivity however, but it is also a regional dialect variation. </translate>
-==Family and relationship words==
+==<translate><!--T:21--> Family and relationship words</translate>==
-===Parent===
+===<translate><!--T:22--> Parents</translate>===
-* '''Förälder.''' Neutral, formal.
+<translate>
+<!--T:23-->
+* '''Förälder.''' Neutral, formal, standard.
 * '''Päron.''' Neutral, slang/standard. Means “one's folk(s)” in plural and in singular.
 * '''Älder.''' Neutral, formal, nonstandard.
@@ Line 68: / Line 71: @@
 * '''Mappa.''' Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
 * '''Pamma.''' Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
 * '''Wawa.''' Neutral, informal, nonstandard.
+</translate>
-===Child===
+===<translate><!--T:24--> Children</translate>===
+<translate>
+<!--T:25-->
 * '''Barn.''' Neutral, standard. Means child/kid.
 * '''Bebis.''' Neutral, standard. Means baby.
@@ Line 76: / Line 82: @@
 * '''Tonåring.''' Neutral, standard. Means teenager.
 * '''Ungdom.''' Neutral, standard. Means youth/youngster.
+</translate>
-=== Grandparents ===
+=== <translate><!--T:26--> Grandparents</translate> ===
+<translate>
+<!--T:27-->
 * '''Förförälder.''' Neutral, nonstandard but will be understood. Means grandparent.
 * '''Förför.''' Neutral, nonstandard. Means grandy/grandma/grandpa.
@@ Line 84: / Line 93: @@
 * '''Förmor.''' Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means parent’s mother/grandma.
 * '''Förfar.''' Partially neutral, nonstandard. Means parent’s father/grandpa.
+</translate>
-===Siblings and related family===
+===<translate><!--T:28--> Siblings and related family</translate>===
+<translate>
+<!--T:29-->
 * '''Syskon.''' Neutral, standard. Means sibling(s).
 * '''Lillasyskon/Storasyskon.''' Neutral, standard. Means little sibling(s)/big sibling(s).
@@ Line 103: / Line 115: @@
 * '''Brylling.''' Neutral, standard but “fyrmänning” is more common. Means third-cousin.
 * '''Pyssling.''' Neutral, standard but “femmänning” is more common. Means fourth-cousin.
+</translate>
-=== Partner ===
+===<translate><!--T:30--> Partners</translate>===
+<translate>
+<!--T:31-->
 * '''Partner.''' Neutral, standard. Means partner.
 * '''Sambo.''' Neutral, standard. Means cohabitation-partner.
@@ Line 112: / Line 127: @@
 * '''Gemål.''' Neutral, formal. Means wedded spouse.
 * '''Dejt.''' Neutral, standard. Means date.
-* '''Sällskap.''' Status- and gender-neutral word for someone's accompanying person.
+* '''Sällskap.''' Status-neutral and gender-neutral word for someone's accompanying person.
+</translate>
-=== In-law & step-family ===
+===<translate><!--T:32--> In-law & step-family/bonus-family</translate> ===
+<translate>
+<!--T:33-->
 * '''Svärförälder.''' Neutral, standard. Means parent-in-law.
 * '''Svärbarn.''' Neutral, standard. Means child-in-law.
 * '''Svärsyskon.''' Neutral, standard. Means sibling(s)-in-law.
-* '''Styvförälder.''' Neutral, standard. Means step-parent.
+* '''Styvförälder/Bonusförälder.''' Neutral, standard. Means step-parent/bonus-parent.
-* '''Styvsyskon.''' Neutral, standard. Means step-child.
+* '''Styvsyskon/Bonussyskon.''' Neutral, standard. Means step-child/bonus-child.
-* '''Styvbarn.''' Neutral, standard. Means step-sibling(s).
+* '''Styvbarn/Bonusbarn.''' Neutral, standard. Means step-sibling(s)/bonus-sibling(s).
+</translate>
-=== Wedding words ===
+=== <translate><!--T:34--> Wedding words</translate> ===
+<translate>
+<!--T:35-->
 * '''Gifta/Livspartners.''' Neutral, standard. Means two spouses/maritial partners.
 * '''Brudfölje.''' Neutral, standard. Means bridesmaids and groomsmen, the bridalpair's entourages.
@@ Line 128: / Line 149: @@
 * '''Fästföljare.''' Neutral, nonstandard. Used to refer to one person in the bridalpair's entourage.
 * '''Hedersperson/Hedersvän.''' Can naturally be used as a gender-neutral stand-in for a maid of honor or a best man.
+</translate>
-== Other words ==
+==<translate><!--T:36--> Other words</translate>==
+<translate>
+<!--T:37-->
 * '''Vuxen.''' Neutral, standard. Means adult.
 * '''Gamling.''' Neutral, standard. Means elderly.
-* '''Hemmapartner, hemmaförälder.''' Neutral, standard. Means housepartner/housespouse and stay-at-home parent..
+* '''Hemmapartner, hemmaförälder.''' Neutral, standard. Means housepartner/housespouse and stay-at-home parent.
 * '''Änkeperson.''' Neutral, standard. Means widowed person.
 * '''Tronföljare.''' Neutral, standard. Means crown-successor.
 * '''Prin, kronprin.''' Neutral, nonstandard. Means princess/prince and crownprincess/crownprince.
 * '''Regent/Monark.''' Neutral, standard. Mean regnant, monarch, queen/king.
-* '''Ni!/Hörrni!/Folk!.''' Neutral, standard. Means “you” and “folk(s)”, can be use when calling multiple people instead of saying girls and/or guys.
+* '''Ni!/Hörrni!/Folk!.''' Neutral, standard. Means “you” and “folk(s)”, can be used when calling multiple people instead of saying girls and/or guys.
 * ''' Ärade/kära publik/gäster/vänner/folk.''' Neutral, standard. Gender-inclusive way of saying “ladies & gentlemen”.
+</translate>
+[[Category:Gender neutral language]]