Māhū: Difference between revisions
→In contemporary cultures: Added sections for notable people and characters.
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In 2003,<ref name=":1" /> the term ''mahuwahine'' was coined within Hawaii's queer community: māhū (in the middle) + wahine (woman), the structure of the word is similar to Samoan fa'a (the way of) + fafine (woman/wife). The term ''mahuwahine'' resembles a transgender identity that coincide with Hawaiian cultural renaissance.<ref>Lyndall Ellingson and Carol Odo. {December 2008 "HIV Risk Behaviors Among Mahuwahine (Native Hawaiian Transgender Women)" http://guilfordjournals.com/doi/10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.558 ''AIDS Education and Prevention'' volume 20, issue 6, pages 558–569 doi=10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.558 issn=0899-9546</ref> | In 2003,<ref name=":1" /> the term ''mahuwahine'' was coined within Hawaii's queer community: māhū (in the middle) + wahine (woman), the structure of the word is similar to Samoan fa'a (the way of) + fafine (woman/wife). The term ''mahuwahine'' resembles a transgender identity that coincide with Hawaiian cultural renaissance.<ref>Lyndall Ellingson and Carol Odo. {December 2008 "HIV Risk Behaviors Among Mahuwahine (Native Hawaiian Transgender Women)" http://guilfordjournals.com/doi/10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.558 ''AIDS Education and Prevention'' volume 20, issue 6, pages 558–569 doi=10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.558 issn=0899-9546</ref> | ||
In many traditional communities, Māhū play an important role in carrying on Polynesian culture, and teaching "the balance of female and male throughout creation".<ref name=Robinson>Carol E. Robertson. 1989 "The Māhū of Hawai'i." ''Feminist Studies.'' volume 15, issue 2, pages=318. doi=10.2307/3177791 issn=0046-3663 jstor=3177791</ref> Modern Māhū carry on traditions of connection to the land, language preservation, and the preservation and revival of cultural activities including traditional dances, songs, and the methods of playing culturally-specific musical instruments. Symbolic tattooing is also a popular practice. Modern Māhū do not alter their bodies through what others would consider gender reassignment surgery, but just as any person in Hawaiian/Tahitian society dress differently for work, home, and nights out.<ref name=UHP95>Besnier, Niko, Alexeyeff, Kalissa. ''Gender on the edge : transgender, gay, and other Pacific islanders.'' Honolulu, 2014 isbn=9780824840198</ref> | In many traditional communities, Māhū play an important role in carrying on Polynesian culture, and teaching "the balance of female and male throughout creation".<ref name=Robinson>Carol E. Robertson. 1989 "The Māhū of Hawai'i." ''Feminist Studies.'' volume 15, issue 2, pages=318. doi=10.2307/3177791 issn=0046-3663 jstor=3177791</ref> Modern Māhū carry on traditions of connection to the land, language preservation, and the preservation and revival of cultural activities including traditional dances, songs, and the methods of playing culturally-specific musical instruments. Symbolic tattooing is also a popular practice. Modern Māhū do not alter their bodies through what others would consider gender reassignment surgery, but just as any person in Hawaiian/Tahitian society dress differently for work, home, and nights out.<ref name=UHP95>Besnier, Niko, Alexeyeff, Kalissa. ''Gender on the edge : transgender, gay, and other Pacific islanders.'' Honolulu, 2014 isbn=9780824840198</ref> | ||
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In situations where they have been rejected by their families of origin, due to homophobia and colonization, Māhū have formed their own communities, supporting one another, and preserving and teaching cultural traditions to the next generations. In the documentary ''Kumu Hina'', Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu visits one of these communities of elders up in the mountains, and meets with some of the Māhū who were her teachers and chosen family when she was young. | In situations where they have been rejected by their families of origin, due to homophobia and colonization, Māhū have formed their own communities, supporting one another, and preserving and teaching cultural traditions to the next generations. In the documentary ''Kumu Hina'', Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu visits one of these communities of elders up in the mountains, and meets with some of the Māhū who were her teachers and chosen family when she was young. | ||
== Notable Māhū people == | |||
''See main article: [[Notable nonbinary people]]'' | |||
There are many more [[notable nonbinary people|notable people who have a gender identity outside of the binary]]. The following are only some of those notable people who specifically use the word Māhū or mahuwahine for themselves. | |||
Notable contemporary māhū, or mahuwahine, include | |||
* activist and kumu hula Hinaleimoana Kwai Kong Wong-Kalu<ref>Amelia Rachel Kokule'a. "'Gender Identity Disorder' to Go the Way of Homosexuality" 2012-10-29 The Atlantic https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/10/gender-identity-disorder-to-go-the-way-of-homosexuality/264232 </ref> | |||
* kumu hula Kaumakaiwa Kanaka'ole | |||
* kumu hula Kaua'i Iki | |||
* historian Noenoe Silva | |||
* activist Ku‘u-mealoha Gomes | |||
* singer and painter Bobby Holcomb | |||
* singer Kealii Reichel. | |||
== Māhū characters in fiction == | |||
''See main article: [[Nonbinary gender in fiction#Nonbinary genders in fiction|Nonbinary gender in fiction]]'' | |||
There are many more [[Nonbinary gender in fiction#Nonbinary genders in fiction|nonbinary characters in fiction who have a gender identity outside of the binary]]. The following are only some of those characters who are specifically called by the word Māhū , either in their canon, or by their creators. | |||
''Please help expand this section.'' | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||