Nonbinary identities worldwide: Difference between revisions
Added a few other terms different cultures use
No edit summary |
imported>Niki Skylark (Added a few other terms different cultures use) |
||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
[[File:A group of Hijra in Bangladesh.jpg|left|thumb|215x215px|A group of Hijra in Bangladesh.]] | [[File:A group of Hijra in Bangladesh.jpg|left|thumb|215x215px|A group of Hijra in Bangladesh.]] | ||
== Hijra == | == Hijra == | ||
In Pakistan, India | In Pakistan, India, d Bangladesh, Hijras are assigned male at birth but take on the traditional roles of women. They are recognised as a third gender by the government.<ref>[http://pandeia.eu/region/inter/hijras-and-bangladesh-the-creation-of-a-third-gender/ "Hijras and Bangladesh: The creation of a third gender"]. ''pandeia.eu''. 2 December 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2016.</ref> Traditionally, they act as a spiritual bargainer, and they go to houses with newborns to bless them.<ref name=":0" /> Some of the hijras undergo a ritual, the ''nirwaan'', to remove their penis, scrotum and testicles.<ref>Nanda, S. "Hijras: An Alternative Sex and Gender Role in India (in Herdt, G. (1996) Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History. Zone Books.)</ref> | ||
The Prime Minister of Bangladesh recognized hijra as a third gender in 2013<ref name=":1">Wade, Lisa & Myra Marz Ferree. ''Gender: Ideas, Interactions, Institutions.'' New York: W. W. Norton, 2015.</ref>. Despite this recognition, the discrimination against them is still widespread.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
{{clear}} | {{clear}} | ||
[[File:Lukas Avendano. Zapotec Muxe from Tehuantepec Oaxaca Mexico.jpg|thumb|218x218px|The muxe Lukas Avendano]] | [[File:Lukas Avendano. Zapotec Muxe from Tehuantepec Oaxaca Mexico.jpg|thumb|218x218px|The muxe Lukas Avendano]] | ||
| Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
== Fa'afafine == | == Fa'afafine == | ||
[[File:Auckland pride parade 2016 38.jpg|thumb|Fa'afafine pride parade in Auckland.]] | [[File:Auckland pride parade 2016 38.jpg|thumb|Fa'afafine pride parade in Auckland.]] | ||
''Fa'afafine'' are people that identify as a third gender in Samoa. They are [[Assigned male at birth|AMAB]] and typically have a feminine behaviour.<ref>Bartlett, N. H.; Vasey, P. L. (2006). "A Retrospective Study of Childhood Gender-Atypical Behavior in Samoan Fa'afafine". ''Archives of Sexual Behavior''. '''35''' (6): 659–66. doi: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-006-9055-1 10.1007/s10508-006-9055-1]. PMID [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16909317 16909317].</ref> It has been estimated that between the 1% and 5% of Samoans are fa'afafine.<ref>http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-37227803</ref> Fa'afafines are accepted in the Samoan culture, although in some conservative sectors of the society they are still discriminated. | ''Fa'afafine'' are people that identify as a third gender in Samoa. They are [[Assigned male at birth|AMAB]] and typically have a feminine behaviour.<ref>Bartlett, N. H.; Vasey, P. L. (2006). "A Retrospective Study of Childhood Gender-Atypical Behavior in Samoan Fa'afafine". ''Archives of Sexual Behavior''. '''35''' (6): 659–66. doi: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-006-9055-1 10.1007/s10508-006-9055-1]. PMID [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16909317 16909317].</ref> It has been estimated that between the 1% and 5% of Samoans are fa'afafine.<ref>http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-37227803</ref> Fa'afafines are accepted in the Samoan culture, although in some conservative sectors of the society they are still discriminated. Fa'afafines translates to "in the manner of a woman" in Samoa<ref name=":1" />. | ||
{{Clear}} | |||
== Nádleehé == | |||
This is a Navajo word for a fifth category of gender, corresponding to someone whose gender changes from one day to the next. If a person is a nádleehé, no one is surprised if they change gender. | |||
== Māhū == | |||
In Hawaii, people who do not fit the gender binary are called māhū<ref name=":1" />. | |||
== Akava'ine == | |||
In the Cook Islands, people who do not fit the gender binary are called akava'ine<ref name=":1" />.{{Clear}} | |||
== References == | == References == | ||