Gender neutral language in Portuguese: Difference between revisions
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===Articles=== | ===Articles=== | ||
In Portuguese, there are two types of articles: '''definite articles''' - ''a'', ''o'', ''as'', ''os'' - and indefinite articles - ''uma'', ''um'', ''umas'', ''uns'' - all of which are gendered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.practiceportuguese.com/learning-notes/determiners-definite-and-indefinite-articles/|title=Definite and Indefinite Articles|website=Practice Portuguese|access-date=24 June 2021}}</ref> | In Portuguese, there are two types of articles: '''definite articles''' - ''a'', ''o'', ''as'', ''os'' (equivalent to the English "the") - and '''indefinite articles''' - ''uma'', ''um'', ''umas'', ''uns'' (equivalent to the English "a" and "an") - all of which are gendered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.practiceportuguese.com/learning-notes/determiners-definite-and-indefinite-articles/|title=Definite and Indefinite Articles|website=Practice Portuguese|access-date=24 June 2021}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+The articles ''a'' and ''o'' compared to neutral alternatives: | |+The articles ''a'' and ''o'' compared to neutral alternatives: | ||
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!i | !i | ||
!u | !u | ||
!ê | |||
|- | |- | ||
|a/o estudante | |a/o estudante | ||
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|i estudante | |i estudante | ||
|u estudante | |u estudante | ||
|ê estudante | |||
|} | |} | ||
There are many other alternatives, though '''''ê''''' is, by far, the most used one. | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
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|} | |} | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The use of these sets has been increasingly discouraged for the following reasons: they aren't convenient for people who use screen readers; they can be hard to read for people with dyslexia; they aren't orally pronounceable.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orgulhogay.pt/neutralidade-de-genero-na-lingua-portuguesa/|title=NEUTRALIDADE DE GÉNERO NA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA|date=17 October 2019|website=ORGULHO GAY|language=Portuguese|trans-title=GENDER NEUTRALITY IN THE PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE|access-date=21 June 2021}}</ref> | <nowiki>*</nowiki>The use of these sets has been increasingly discouraged for the following reasons: they aren't convenient for people who use screen readers; they can be hard to read for people with dyslexia; they aren't orally pronounceable.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orgulhogay.pt/neutralidade-de-genero-na-lingua-portuguesa/|title=NEUTRALIDADE DE GÉNERO NA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA|date=17 October 2019|website=ORGULHO GAY|language=Portuguese|trans-title=GENDER NEUTRALITY IN THE PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE|access-date=21 June 2021}}</ref> | ||
The most well known and most used Portuguese neopronoun is '''''elu'''''. Its use is encouraged, mainly because it fits in with the pronouns ''ela'' ("she") and ''ele'' ("he") and it is easily pronounceable. | |||
Some pronouns can depend on the word ending chosen by the user. While each pronoun, typically, has a word ending tied to it, using concordant language is not mandatory. Someone may use the word ending ''eo'' while using the pronoun ''ile'', for example. | Some pronouns can depend on the word ending chosen by the user. While each pronoun, typically, has a word ending tied to it, using concordant language is not mandatory. Someone may use the word ending ''eo'' while using the pronoun ''ile'', for example. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+Pronouns that can be affected by word ending: | |+Pronouns that can be affected by word ending: | ||
!Word ending | |||
!a | !a | ||
!ae | !ae | ||
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!eo | !eo | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''est'' + word ending | |||
|esta(s) | |esta(s) | ||
|estae(s) | |estae(s) | ||
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|esteo(s) | |esteo(s) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''ess'' + word ending | |||
|essa(s) | |essa(s) | ||
|essae(s) | |essae(s) | ||
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|esseo(s) | |esseo(s) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''mi'' or ''minh'' + word ending | |||
|minha(s) | |minha(s) | ||
|minhae(s) | |minhae(s) | ||
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|minheo(s) | |minheo(s) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''tu'' + word ending | |||
|tua(s) | |tua(s) | ||
|tuae(s) | |tuae(s) | ||