Metagender: Difference between revisions
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==Usage through history== | ==Usage through history== | ||
Metagender existed as a technical term prior to its use by LGBT individuals, dating back at least to the 1980s, initially concerned with being outside or transcending binary gender, whether of imagery, perspectives, data, or people.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/murderdifference0000balm/page/110/mode/2up?q=%22meta+gender%22|title=Murder and difference: gender, genre, and scholarship on Sisera's death|last=Bal|first=Mieke|date=1992|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=|isbn=978-0-585-02512-4|location=Bloomington|pages=111-112|language=English|oclc=42854270|quote=Just as with disciplinary codes, notably the theological and liteary codes, the meta-gender code adopted by the interpreter in search of difference ought to be distinguished, first, from the personal gender code he or she has also adopted, most implicitly, by virtue of membership in a particular sexual group, and second, from the gender code he or she assumes the other has adopted...I will confront the possible contribution of a meta-gender code to the personal gender code, which, as we will see in the sample interpretations, remains implicit.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Costello|first=Bonnie|date=1989|title=Domestic Mysticism|url=http://archives.bu.edu/collections/partisan-review/search/detail?id=331558|journal=Partisan Review|volume=56|issue=4|pages=671|doi=|issn=0031-2525|quote=One challenge for contemporary women poets is to decide just how far they wish 'womanhood' to define the terms of their awareness. It is a good sign, I think, that 'the soul' has returned with a fresh, contemporary aura, not genderless, but metagendered. The metaphysical impulse arising in, altered and constrained by biology, runs through many of our best women-poets.|via=Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center}}</ref> Its use as a technical term with various definitions has [[Metagender#Academic and technical usage|persisted into the 2020s]]. | Metagender existed as a technical term prior to its use by LGBT individuals, dating back at least to the 1980s, initially concerned with being outside or transcending binary gender, whether of imagery, perspectives, data, or people.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/murderdifference0000balm/page/110/mode/2up?q=%22meta+gender%22|title=Murder and difference: gender, genre, and scholarship on Sisera's death|last=Bal|first=Mieke|date=1992|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=|isbn=978-0-585-02512-4|location=Bloomington|pages=111-112|language=English|oclc=42854270|quote=Just as with disciplinary codes, notably the theological and liteary codes, the meta-gender code adopted by the interpreter in search of difference ought to be distinguished, first, from the personal gender code he or she has also adopted, most implicitly, by virtue of membership in a particular sexual group, and second, from the gender code he or she assumes the other has adopted...I will confront the possible contribution of a meta-gender code to the personal gender code, which, as we will see in the sample interpretations, remains implicit.|archive-url=False|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Costello|first=Bonnie|date=1989|title=Domestic Mysticism|url=http://archives.bu.edu/collections/partisan-review/search/detail?id=331558|journal=Partisan Review|volume=56|issue=4|pages=671|doi=|issn=0031-2525|quote=One challenge for contemporary women poets is to decide just how far they wish 'womanhood' to define the terms of their awareness. It is a good sign, I think, that 'the soul' has returned with a fresh, contemporary aura, not genderless, but metagendered. The metaphysical impulse arising in, altered and constrained by biology, runs through many of our best women-poets.|via=Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127033225/http://archives.bu.edu/collections/partisan-review/search/detail?id=331558|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> Its use as a technical term with various definitions has [[Metagender#Academic and technical usage|persisted into the 2020s]]. | ||
===LGBT definitions=== | ===LGBT definitions=== | ||
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In a 1998 [[wikipedia:Bitch_(magazine)|BITCH magazine]] essay titled "Metagender and the Slow Decline of the Either/Or," Lisa Voldeng and Laura Kloppenberg coined "metagenderism" to "encapsulat[e] all existing, evolving, and unborn gender models: It is the unlimited superset of all possible (non)genders and gender (non)identities, of individual and cultural existence free from binaristic categorization and definition." This definition was coined in contrast with the contemporary "transgenderism" as defined by trans woman and cultural theorist [[wikipedia:Sandy_Stone_(artist)|Sandy Stone]]. Whereas transgender was a category to "include everyone not covered by our culture's narrow terms man and woman," metagenderism entailed "a comprehensive reenvisioning of gender," to serve as "container for all gender identities, encompassing the two-gender system to transgender and beyond."<ref name=":13">Kloppenberg, Laura. Voldeng, Lisa. (1998). "Metagender & the Slow Decline of the Either/Or." ''BITCH'', 3(1), p 33-34.</ref> | In a 1998 [[wikipedia:Bitch_(magazine)|BITCH magazine]] essay titled "Metagender and the Slow Decline of the Either/Or," Lisa Voldeng and Laura Kloppenberg coined "metagenderism" to "encapsulat[e] all existing, evolving, and unborn gender models: It is the unlimited superset of all possible (non)genders and gender (non)identities, of individual and cultural existence free from binaristic categorization and definition." This definition was coined in contrast with the contemporary "transgenderism" as defined by trans woman and cultural theorist [[wikipedia:Sandy_Stone_(artist)|Sandy Stone]]. Whereas transgender was a category to "include everyone not covered by our culture's narrow terms man and woman," metagenderism entailed "a comprehensive reenvisioning of gender," to serve as "container for all gender identities, encompassing the two-gender system to transgender and beyond."<ref name=":13">Kloppenberg, Laura. Voldeng, Lisa. (1998). "Metagender & the Slow Decline of the Either/Or." ''BITCH'', 3(1), p 33-34.</ref> | ||
In a 1999 interview printed in the magazine ''[[wikipedia:Femme_Fatales_(magazine)|Femme Fatales]]'', musician/poet/filmmaker [[wikipedia:Phoebe Legere|Phoebe Legere]] said "I am metagender, metasexual, not a man or a woman."<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/details/Femme_Fatales_v08n04/page/n39/mode/2up| p=40-41|journal=Femme Fatales|volume=8|number=4|date=September 10, 1999| title=Mighty Aphrodite}}</ref> | In a 1999 interview printed in the magazine ''[[wikipedia:Femme_Fatales_(magazine)|Femme Fatales]]'', musician/poet/filmmaker [[wikipedia:Phoebe Legere|Phoebe Legere]] said "I am metagender, metasexual, not a man or a woman."<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/details/Femme_Fatales_v08n04/page/n39/mode/2up| p=40-41|journal=Femme Fatales|volume=8|number=4|date=September 10, 1999| title=Mighty Aphrodite|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128082253/https://archive.org/details/Femme_Fatales_v08n04/page/n39/mode/2up|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> | ||
====2000s==== | ====2000s==== | ||
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In a 2004 zine, Katie Cercone listed metagender as a term for "gender-bending."<ref>Cercone, Katie. (2004). ''Ms. Direction #6''. p. 4. Retrieved at https://archive.qzap.org/index.php/Detail/Object/Show/object_id/300</ref> | In a 2004 zine, Katie Cercone listed metagender as a term for "gender-bending."<ref>Cercone, Katie. (2004). ''Ms. Direction #6''. p. 4. Retrieved at https://archive.qzap.org/index.php/Detail/Object/Show/object_id/300</ref> | ||
In a 2006 book on transgender journeys, metagender was defined as "individuals who do not identify as either male or female."<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/crossingsexualbo00jari/page/364/mode/2up?q=phillip|title=Crossing sexual boundaries: transgender journeys, uncharted paths|last=|first=|date=2006|publisher=Prometheus Books|year=|isbn=978-1-59102-388-3|editor-last=Kane-Demaios|editor-first=J. Ari|location=Amherst, N.Y|pages=|oclc=ocm61309341|editor-last2=Bullough|editor-first2=Vern L.}}</ref> | In a 2006 book on transgender journeys, metagender was defined as "individuals who do not identify as either male or female."<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/crossingsexualbo00jari/page/364/mode/2up?q=phillip|title=Crossing sexual boundaries: transgender journeys, uncharted paths|last=|first=|date=2006|publisher=Prometheus Books|year=|isbn=978-1-59102-388-3|editor-last=Kane-Demaios|editor-first=J. Ari|location=Amherst, N.Y|pages=|oclc=ocm61309341|editor-last2=Bullough|editor-first2=Vern L.|archive-url=False|archive-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> | ||
====2010s==== | ====2010s==== | ||
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Author Maxfield Sparrow, who has spoken about coming out as metagender in 1992,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/FTMOver30/comments/d98wwv/tell_me_about_your_nonbinary_transition/f1nlfli|title=r/FTMOver30 - Comment by u/MaxfieldSparrow on ”Tell me about your "non-binary transition"?”|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=27 September 2019|website=reddit|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=24 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Maxfield Sparrow on Twitter|url=https://twitter.com/UnstrangeMind/status/1337887769511612417|website=Twitter|access-date=24 December 2020|language=en-US|date=12 December 2020|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|archive-url=|archive-date=|quote=It's great that people decided there should be a word for those who aren't cis and aren't trans but I wish they had not chosen the word [metagender] I've been using since 1992 and defined me out of my own identity and then told me I don't matter because I'm old and my identity is only history}}</ref> wrote about being metagender on various channels across the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/UnstrangeMind/posts/735759669859809|title=Unstrange Mind (comment)|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=22 August 2016|website=Facebook|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 December 2020|quote=I am female but not a woman because I'm also male (and not a man). I'm an epicene. I'm metagender. I'm transmasculine.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sashacagen.com/quirky-alone/quirkyalone-day-cards-from-readers/#comment-350978|title=Comment on 'Happy Quirkyalone Day 2019! Here are some hand-drawn cards from readers'|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=14 February 2019|website=Sasha Cagen, Quirkyalone + To-Do List Author + Coach|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 December 2020|quote=I’m performing the poem “Reclaiming Cunt” as an affirmation and validation of my gender and how I express it, as a metagender person with a masculine body presentation.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|number=973524929856573440|user=UnstrangeMind|title=Thank you. I think words are changing a lot these days. Non-binary didn’t exist when I first started identifying as metagender. And I went 26 years not realizing I was Trans until I felt the need to transition. I’m glad the Trans umbrella is opening up now & more inclusive.|author=Sparrow, Maxfield.|date=13 March 2018}}</ref><ref name=":15">{{Cite web|url=https://transtistic.wordpress.com/2017/06/17/what-is-gendervague/|title=What is Gendervague?|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield. [unstrangemind]|date=17 July 2017|website=Transtistic|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 December 2020|quote=I referred to myself as metagender for many years}}</ref> In Sparrow's 2017 blog essay "What is Metagender," Sparrow described the difficulty of defining the identity, describing its similarity to [[gendervague]].<ref name=":20">{{Cite web|url=https://transtistic.wordpress.com/2017/07/11/what-is-metagender/|title=What is Metagender?|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield. [unstrangemind]|date=11 July 2017|website=Transtistic|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=21 January 2021|publisher=Wordpress}}</ref> Sparrow expanded on their metagender identity in a 2018 anthology, writing that metagender "expresses feeling outside the entire paradigm of gender."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Challenging genders: non-binary experiences of those assigned female at birth|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=2018|publisher=Boundless Endeavors, Inc|year=|isbn=978-0-9968309-6-6|editor-last=Brown|editor-first=Michael Eric|location=Miami, AZ|pages=|quote="I didn't begin identifying as metagender until my 30s. Metagender means that I don't feel like a woman and I don't feel like a man. I don't feel like a gender at all. But I don't feel 'genderless,' either. Metagender is a word that expresses feeling outside the entire paradigm of gender...I am metagender because I don't grasp gender at all."}}</ref> | Author Maxfield Sparrow, who has spoken about coming out as metagender in 1992,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/FTMOver30/comments/d98wwv/tell_me_about_your_nonbinary_transition/f1nlfli|title=r/FTMOver30 - Comment by u/MaxfieldSparrow on ”Tell me about your "non-binary transition"?”|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=27 September 2019|website=reddit|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=24 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Maxfield Sparrow on Twitter|url=https://twitter.com/UnstrangeMind/status/1337887769511612417|website=Twitter|access-date=24 December 2020|language=en-US|date=12 December 2020|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|archive-url=|archive-date=|quote=It's great that people decided there should be a word for those who aren't cis and aren't trans but I wish they had not chosen the word [metagender] I've been using since 1992 and defined me out of my own identity and then told me I don't matter because I'm old and my identity is only history}}</ref> wrote about being metagender on various channels across the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/UnstrangeMind/posts/735759669859809|title=Unstrange Mind (comment)|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=22 August 2016|website=Facebook|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 December 2020|quote=I am female but not a woman because I'm also male (and not a man). I'm an epicene. I'm metagender. I'm transmasculine.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sashacagen.com/quirky-alone/quirkyalone-day-cards-from-readers/#comment-350978|title=Comment on 'Happy Quirkyalone Day 2019! Here are some hand-drawn cards from readers'|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield|date=14 February 2019|website=Sasha Cagen, Quirkyalone + To-Do List Author + Coach|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 December 2020|quote=I’m performing the poem “Reclaiming Cunt” as an affirmation and validation of my gender and how I express it, as a metagender person with a masculine body presentation.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet|number=973524929856573440|user=UnstrangeMind|title=Thank you. I think words are changing a lot these days. Non-binary didn’t exist when I first started identifying as metagender. And I went 26 years not realizing I was Trans until I felt the need to transition. I’m glad the Trans umbrella is opening up now & more inclusive.|author=Sparrow, Maxfield.|date=13 March 2018}}</ref><ref name=":15">{{Cite web|url=https://transtistic.wordpress.com/2017/06/17/what-is-gendervague/|title=What is Gendervague?|last=Sparrow|first=Maxfield. [unstrangemind]|date=17 July 2017|website=Transtistic|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=28 December 2020|quote=I referred to myself as metagender for many years}}</ref> In Sparrow's 2017 blog essay "What is Metagender," Sparrow described the difficulty of defining the identity, describing its similarity to [[gendervague]].<ref name=":20">{{Cite web|url=https://transtistic.wordpress.com/2017/07/11/what-is-metagender/|titl | ||