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Gender neutral language in Swedish/en: Difference between revisions
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|Flicka, tjej, jänta, tös | |Flicka, tjej, jänta, tös | ||
|Pojke, kille, grabb, gosse | |Pojke, kille, grabb, gosse | ||
|Enby | |Enby | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Adult person | |Adult person | ||
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|Kvinna, tjej, dam, brud | |Kvinna, tjej, dam, brud | ||
|Man, kille, karl, herre, snubbe | |Man, kille, karl, herre, snubbe | ||
|Enby, enban | |Enby, enban | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Old person | |Old person | ||
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|Gumma, tant | |Gumma, tant | ||
|Gubbe, farbror | |Gubbe, farbror | ||
|Enby, enban | |Enby, enban | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Person of any age | |Person of any age | ||
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|Kvinna, kvinnlig person, kvinnor och flickor i all deras mångfald | |Kvinna, kvinnlig person, kvinnor och flickor i all deras mångfald | ||
|Man, manlig person, män och pojkar i all deras mångfald | |Man, manlig person, män och pojkar i all deras mångfald | ||
|Icke-binär person, intersexperson, enby, enban | |Icke-binär person, intersexperson, enby, enban | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Descriptive | |Descriptive | ||
|Mänsklig, human | |Mänsklig, human | ||
|Kvinnlig, feminin, tjejig, honlig, gynisk (reffered from English's "gynous") | |Kvinnlig, feminin, tjejig, honlig, tjejkropp, gynisk (reffered from English's "gynous") | ||
|Manlig, maskulin, killig, hanlig, andrisk (refferred from English's "androus") | |Manlig, maskulin, killig, hanlig, killkropp, andrisk (refferred from English's "androus") | ||
|icke-binär, intersex/interkönad, androgyn, neutral, okönad/ | |icke-binär, intersex/interkönad, androgyn, neutral, okönad/könlös | ||
|} | |} | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The words "enby" and "enban" were made for nonbinary people specifically, but could be used by nonbinary intersex people who identify with it. They can also be used by parents for their intersex children as to recognize them being intersex (them not being binary) and as to not force them to be a "girl" or a "boy", while also giving them nouns to use for themselves the same way girls and boys get to. Although these words are not condoned by everyone since they do reinforce gendering. | <nowiki>*</nowiki>The words "enby" and "enban" were made for nonbinary people specifically, but could be used by nonbinary intersex people who identify with it. They can also be used by parents for their intersex children as to recognize them being intersex (them not being binary) and as to not force them to be a "girl" or a "boy", while also giving them nouns to use for themselves the same way girls and boys get to. Although these words are not condoned by everyone since they do reinforce gendering. | ||
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'''Note 3:''' Some nonbinary people dislike "enby" and feel it is infantilizing. | '''Note 3:''' Some nonbinary people dislike "enby" and feel it is infantilizing. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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*'''Allesrätt.''' Neutral, nonstandard, little use. Neutral non-male-generalizing alternative for "allemansrätt" ("all-man's-right", only removing "mans", right of public access). | *'''Allesrätt.''' Neutral, nonstandard, little use. Neutral non-male-generalizing alternative for "allemansrätt" ("all-man's-right", only removing "mans", right of public access). | ||
*'''Amningsmjölk, amningsmjölksersättning.''' Neutral. Means breast-/chestfeeding milk and breast-/chestfeeding formula, can be used as an alternative to "bröstmjölk"/"modersmjölk" (breast milk/mother's milk) and "bröstmjölksersättning"/modersmjölksersättning" (breast-/mother's milk substitute/formula). | *'''Amningsmjölk, amningsmjölksersättning.''' Neutral. Means breast-/chestfeeding milk and breast-/chestfeeding formula, can be used as an alternative to "bröstmjölk"/"modersmjölk" (breast milk/mother's milk) and "bröstmjölksersättning"/modersmjölksersättning" (breast-/mother's milk substitute/formula). | ||
*'''Ankfågel/ankfåglar, andfågel/andfåglar.''' Neutral species alternatives to ”anka/and” (domestic hen duck/wild hen mallard, vernacular for domestic ducks/wild ducks) and ”drake” (domestic drake/wild drake), uncommon (but will be understood) non-vernacular terms for domestic duck bird(s)/wild mallard bird(s). | |||
*'''Arbetsstyrka/arbetskraft, teamstyrka/lagstyrka, personalstyrka.''' Means workforce, team/staff/crew strength/force/power and can be used as non-male-generalizing alternatives for "manstyrka" (man power). | *'''Arbetsstyrka/arbetskraft, teamstyrka/lagstyrka, personalstyrka.''' Means workforce, team/staff/crew strength/force/power and can be used as non-male-generalizing alternatives for "manstyrka" (man power). | ||
*'''Besatt/med personal, obesatt/utan personal.''' Means occupied/with staff and unoccupied/without staff, these alternatives can be used as non-male-generalizing alternatives to "bemannad" (manned) and "obemannad" (unmanned). | *'''Besatt/med personal, obesatt/utan personal.''' Means occupied/with staff and unoccupied/without staff, these alternatives can be used as non-male-generalizing alternatives to "bemannad" (manned) and "obemannad" (unmanned). | ||
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*'''Handyperson, allt i allo, fixare, hantverkare.''' Neutral alternatives to handyman and handykvinna. | *'''Handyperson, allt i allo, fixare, hantverkare.''' Neutral alternatives to handyman and handykvinna. | ||
*'''Hemspråk, familjespråk, förstaspråk, källspråk, ursprungspråk.''' Neutral alternatives to mother tongue. | *'''Hemspråk, familjespråk, förstaspråk, källspråk, ursprungspråk.''' Neutral alternatives to mother tongue. | ||
*'''Hjortdjur, dov- eller kronhjort.''' Neutral species-specific alternatives to "hind" (doe/hind/cow) and "hjort" (deer/buck, vernacular for deer), standard but non-vernacular terms for deer animal(s) and "fallow or red deer". | |||
*'''Humanoid.''' Neutral alternative to android/gynoid. | *'''Humanoid.''' Neutral alternative to android/gynoid. | ||
*'''Huskost/hushållskost.''' Neutral, will be understood. Means house/household-diet/cuisine (traditional home cooked food) and can be used as a non-male-generalizing alternative for "husmanskost" (house-man's-diet/cuisine). | *'''Huskost/hushållskost.''' Neutral, will be understood. Means house/household-diet/cuisine (traditional home cooked food) and can be used as a non-male-generalizing alternative for "husmanskost" (house-man's-diet/cuisine). | ||
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*'''LEGO-figur/LEGO-minifigur.''' Neutral, standard. Means LEGO-figure/LEGO-minifigure and can be used as a non-male-generalizing alternative for "LEGO-gubbe" (LEGO-man). | *'''LEGO-figur/LEGO-minifigur.''' Neutral, standard. Means LEGO-figure/LEGO-minifigure and can be used as a non-male-generalizing alternative for "LEGO-gubbe" (LEGO-man). | ||
*'''Lågramscykel, högramscykel, mellanramscykel/neutralramscykel.''' Neutral, descriptive and might be understood. Mean low-frame, high-frame and middle-/neutral-frame bicycle, these words can be used instead of gendering specfic type of bikes that anyone can use for different reasons. Low-frame, high-frame and middle-/neutral-frame bicycle refers to what is conventionally called women's, men's and unisex bicycles respectively. | *'''Lågramscykel, högramscykel, mellanramscykel/neutralramscykel.''' Neutral, descriptive and might be understood. Mean low-frame, high-frame and middle-/neutral-frame bicycle, these words can be used instead of gendering specfic type of bikes that anyone can use for different reasons. Low-frame, high-frame and middle-/neutral-frame bicycle refers to what is conventionally called women's, men's and unisex bicycles respectively. | ||
*'''Nötdjur/nötboskap/nötkreatur.''' Neutral species-specific alternatives to "ko" (cow, vernacular for cattle) and "tjur" (bull), standard but non-vernacular term for cattle. | |||
*'''Oligarki, fåvälde.''' Neutral alternatives to "fåmannavälde". | *'''Oligarki, fåvälde.''' Neutral alternatives to "fåmannavälde". | ||
*'''Parentonym.''' Neutral, nonstandard. This can be used as a hypernym of matronym and patronym, but also to refer to such names in a gender-neutral sense. | *'''Parentonym.''' Neutral, nonstandard. This can be used as a hypernym of matronym and patronym, but also to refer to such names in a gender-neutral sense. | ||
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*'''Syskonskap/kamratskap/gemenskap/samfund.''' Neutral, standard. Means siblinghood/camaraderie/community and can be used as a gender-neutral alternative to brotherhood and sisterhood. | *'''Syskonskap/kamratskap/gemenskap/samfund.''' Neutral, standard. Means siblinghood/camaraderie/community and can be used as a gender-neutral alternative to brotherhood and sisterhood. | ||
*'''Tamhöna, höns/tamhöns.''' Neutral species-specific alternatives to "höna" (hen, vernacular for chicken/domestic fowl) and "tupp" (rooster), standard but non-vernacular terms for domestic fowl(s)/chicken(s). | |||
*'''Tamget, getdjur.''' Neutral species-specific alternatives to "get" (doe, vernacular for goats) and "bock" (buck), standard but non-vernacular terms for domestic goats and goat animal(s). | |||
*'''Uppträdningsförmåga, scennärvaro, teater, artisteri.''' Neutral alternatives to showmanship. | *'''Uppträdningsförmåga, scennärvaro, teater, artisteri.''' Neutral alternatives to showmanship. | ||
*'''Uterus, kved.''' Neutral alternatives to "livmoder" (womb/uterus) which translates to "life-mother". | *'''Uterus, kved.''' Neutral alternatives to "livmoder" (womb/uterus) which translates to "life-mother". | ||
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*Barnmorska → Graviditetsvårdare, förlossningsvårdare (inferred by using "graviditets-" [pregnancy-], "förlossnings-" [childbirth-] and "-vårdare" [-caretaker] as descriptive terms for the midwife profession), ''jordevårdare (not a mutually understandably or established alternative for the professional midwife title. Inferred using the old word "jorde-" – which is believed to mean child – used in the old word for barnmorska which is "jordemor", and instead replacing "-morska" [mother] with "-vårdare" [caretaker])'' | *Barnmorska → Graviditetsvårdare, förlossningsvårdare (inferred by using "graviditets-" [pregnancy-], "förlossnings-" [childbirth-] and "-vårdare" [-caretaker] as descriptive terms for the midwife profession), ''jordevårdare (not a mutually understandably or established alternative for the professional midwife title. Inferred using the old word "jorde-" – which is believed to mean child – used in the old word for barnmorska which is "jordemor", and instead replacing "-morska" [mother] with "-vårdare" [caretaker])'' | ||
*Barnpiga, barnflicka, barnjungfru → Barnvakt, barnpassare, barnskötare | *Barnpiga, barnflicka, barnjungfru → Barnvakt, barnpassare, barnskötare, tillsynsansvarig, passningsansvarig | ||
*Borgensman → ''Borgensperson, borgensförtrodd (inferred using the gender-neutral "-person" and "-förtrodd" [-trusted] instead of "-man")'' | *Borgensman → ''Borgensperson, borgensförtrodd (inferred using the gender-neutral "-person" and "-förtrodd" [-trusted] instead of "-man")'' | ||