Bottom surgery: Difference between revisions

* '''Oophorectomy'''. Surgery to take away the ovaries. For people on the female-to-male spectrum, this can be wanted because it makes pregnancy impossible, but they don't need to do it for hormone balance reasons, which in their case don't call for it. An oophorectomy is usually only done as part of a hysterectomy, or to prevent or treat disease.

* Testicle implants. Surgically putting artificial testicles into the scrotum. These are just for look and feel, and don't make hormones.

* '''Vasectomy'''. For people with testicles, this operation sterilizes them (makes it impossible for them to get others pregnant). It doesn't change their hormone balance or other sexual functions. This can be an alternative to orchiectomy for nonbinary people whose only concern about their testicles is that they feel gender dysphoric about the possibility of getting others pregnant.

* '''Penectomy with orchiectomy'''. See elsewhere on this page.

* '''[[Metoidioplasty]]'''. For people with certain kinds of phallus (called either a large clitoris or small penis), this surgery frees the phallus and pulls it outward, making its external size larger, so that it can be easier to use for penetrative sex. If this surgery doesn't involve urethral lengthening, the urethra stays where it was before, which might not be on the phallus. If the patient has a vagina (orifice), this also stays where it was.

* '''[[Pumping]]'''. Not surgery, but a body modification. This practice uses vacuum suction to stretch the phallus and make it larger. Normally this is temporary, but if done on a regular basis, it has long-term or possibly permanent effects toward making the phallus larger. For people who were assigned a [[female]] gender at birth, pumping can make it possible or easier to use their phallus for penetrative sex.

* '''[[Phalloplasty]]'''. Surgery to create a penis by using tissues from other parts of the body, usually skin from the arms or legs. With the addition of a prosthesis inside the penis so that it can become erect, a penis created by phalloplasty can be larger than one created by metoidioplasty. This may or may not involve urethral lengthening.

* '''Penectomy with orchiectomy''', called '''[[emasculation]]'''. Surgery to take away the penis and testicles, without trying to make the genital area like that of a person who was assigned a [[female]] gender at birth. The result is a relatively featureless groin. Before the invention of vaginoplasty, this was the main surgery done on trans women and analogous [[gender-variant identities worldwide]]. Some such individuals still prefer this surgery, such as [[hijra]]. Doing this makes it difficult to get a vaginoplasty later, which usually uses tissue from the penis.

* '''Labiaplasty without vaginoplasty'''. Surgery to create external genitals (labia and so on) like those of a person who was assigned [[female]] at birth, but without creating a vagina (the orifice).

* '''Vaginoplasty without penectomy'''. Counterpart to the preceding surgery. Surgical creation of a vagina, without changing the penis. This may or may not include orchiectomy. A patient might choose to remove the testes and penis in another operation, which may include clitoroplasty.  Otherwise, the patient may be content to have a penis, testes, and vagina at the same time. This procedure has been called '''androgynoplasty''', '''penile-preservation vaginoplasty''', or '''phallus-preserving vaginoplasty''', and has only recently started to be offered by some providers.

* '''[[Genital nullification]]'''. This can mean a variety of different surgeries, depending on what the person's body was like to begin with, to take away most or all of their reproductive organs and genitals. Some nonbinary people seek this in order to be genderless and sexless. However, one need not have genital nullification in order to be genderless, as gender identity is different than physical sex.