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Gender-variant identities worldwide: Difference between revisions
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==Identities in Africa== <!--T:4--> | ==Identities in Africa== <!--T:4--> | ||
===Kodjo-besia=== | ===Kodjo-besia=== <!--T:139--> | ||
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* '''Name of identity:''' Kodjo-besia ("Kodjo" is a common Ghanaian name, and Kodjo-besia means "Kodjo is a woman [inside]" in the Twi language.)<ref name="Geoffrion2013">{{cite journal|last1=Geoffrion|first1=Karine|title=“I Wish our Gender Could Be Dual”|journal=Cahiers d'études africaines|volume=53|issue=209-210|year=2013|pages=417–443|issn=0008-0055|doi=10.4000/etudesafricaines.17373}}</ref> | * '''Name of identity:''' Kodjo-besia ("Kodjo" is a common Ghanaian name, and Kodjo-besia means "Kodjo is a woman [inside]" in the Twi language.)<ref name="Geoffrion2013">{{cite journal|last1=Geoffrion|first1=Karine|title=“I Wish our Gender Could Be Dual”|journal=Cahiers d'études africaines|volume=53|issue=209-210|year=2013|pages=417–443|issn=0008-0055|doi=10.4000/etudesafricaines.17373}}</ref> | ||
* '''Culture:''' Ghana | * '''Culture:''' Ghana | ||
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* '''Role in society:''' Often engaging in traditionally female occupations, Kodjo-besia are "perceived as deviant, but they are tolerated on the basis that they cannot be changed".<ref name="Geoffrion2013" /> | * '''Role in society:''' Often engaging in traditionally female occupations, Kodjo-besia are "perceived as deviant, but they are tolerated on the basis that they cannot be changed".<ref name="Geoffrion2013" /> | ||
===Sarombavy=== | ===Sarombavy=== <!--T:141--> | ||
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* '''Name of identity:''' Sarombavy or Sarimbavy<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1215/23289252-2685642 |last=Palmer |first= Seth |title=Asexual Inverts and Sexual Perverts: Locating the Sarimbavy of Madagascar within Fin-de-Siècle Sexological Theories |journal= Transgender Studies Quarterly |date=August 2014 |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=368-386 |url=https://read.dukeupress.edu/tsq/article-abstract/1/3/368/24744/Asexual-Inverts-and-Sexual-PervertsLocating-the}}</ref> | * '''Name of identity:''' Sarombavy or Sarimbavy<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1215/23289252-2685642 |last=Palmer |first= Seth |title=Asexual Inverts and Sexual Perverts: Locating the Sarimbavy of Madagascar within Fin-de-Siècle Sexological Theories |journal= Transgender Studies Quarterly |date=August 2014 |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=368-386 |url=https://read.dukeupress.edu/tsq/article-abstract/1/3/368/24744/Asexual-Inverts-and-Sexual-PervertsLocating-the}}</ref> | ||
* '''Culture:''' Tanala people of Madagascar<ref>{{cite web |url=https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-lgbtq-studies/chapter/africa/ |title=Chapter 3: Global Sexualities: LGBTQ Anthropology Past, Present, and Future |work=LGBTQ+ Studies: An Open Textbook |last=Russo |first=Joseph}}</ref> | * '''Culture:''' Tanala people of Madagascar<ref>{{cite web |url=https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-lgbtq-studies/chapter/africa/ |title=Chapter 3: Global Sexualities: LGBTQ Anthropology Past, Present, and Future |work=LGBTQ+ Studies: An Open Textbook |last=Russo |first=Joseph}}</ref> | ||
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==='Yan daudu=== | ==='Yan daudu=== <!--T:143--> | ||
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* '''Name of identity:''' <nowiki>'</nowiki>yan daudu (plural), dan daudu (singular)<ref>{{cite web |title= Introducing 'Yan Daudu|url=https://catalogimages.wiley.com/images/db/pdf/9781405152518.excerpt.pdf}}</ref> 'Yan daudu "means 'sons of Daudu,' a fun-loving, gambling spirit worshipped in the Muslim Bori practice, whose trance and dancing rituals are traditionally associated with marginalised poor women, sex workers and disabled people."<ref name="theg_Nige">{{Cite web |title=Nigeria's yan daudu face persecution in religious revival |author=Mark, Monica |work=the Guardian |date=10 June 2013 |access-date=14 July 2021 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/10/nigeria-yan-daudu-persecution}}</ref> | * '''Name of identity:''' <nowiki>'</nowiki>yan daudu (plural), dan daudu (singular)<ref>{{cite web |title= Introducing 'Yan Daudu|url=https://catalogimages.wiley.com/images/db/pdf/9781405152518.excerpt.pdf}}</ref> 'Yan daudu "means 'sons of Daudu,' a fun-loving, gambling spirit worshipped in the Muslim Bori practice, whose trance and dancing rituals are traditionally associated with marginalised poor women, sex workers and disabled people."<ref name="theg_Nige">{{Cite web |title=Nigeria's yan daudu face persecution in religious revival |author=Mark, Monica |work=the Guardian |date=10 June 2013 |access-date=14 July 2021 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/10/nigeria-yan-daudu-persecution}}</ref> | ||
* '''Culture:''' Hausa people of sub-Saharan Africa | * '''Culture:''' Hausa people of sub-Saharan Africa | ||
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=== Aranu'tiq === | === Aranu'tiq === <!--T:145--> | ||
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* '''Name of identity:''' Aranu'tiq | * '''Name of identity:''' Aranu'tiq | ||
* '''Culture:''' [[Wikipedia:Chugach|Chugach]] | * '''Culture:''' [[Wikipedia:Chugach|Chugach]] | ||
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* '''Role in society:''' A 1953 report states "They performed the work of both sexes and were, indeed, considered more skilled than ordinary persons as well as lucky like twins, but they could not marry and have children, nor could they become shamans."<ref>{{cite book|last=Birket-Smith|first=Kaj|year=1953|title=The Chugach Eskimo}} Quoted in {{cite book|title=Pacific Homosexualities|page=209-210|year=2002|chapter=Profession-Defined Homosexuality (I): Transformed Shamans|last=Murray |first=Stephen O.|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Pacific_Homosexualities/qafeQTWIWmcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Aranu%27tiq}}</ref> | * '''Role in society:''' A 1953 report states "They performed the work of both sexes and were, indeed, considered more skilled than ordinary persons as well as lucky like twins, but they could not marry and have children, nor could they become shamans."<ref>{{cite book|last=Birket-Smith|first=Kaj|year=1953|title=The Chugach Eskimo}} Quoted in {{cite book|title=Pacific Homosexualities|page=209-210|year=2002|chapter=Profession-Defined Homosexuality (I): Transformed Shamans|last=Murray |first=Stephen O.|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Pacific_Homosexualities/qafeQTWIWmcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Aranu%27tiq}}</ref> | ||
=== Biza'ah === | === Biza'ah === <!--T:147--> | ||
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* '''Name of identity:''' Biza'ah | * '''Name of identity:''' Biza'ah | ||
* '''Culture:''' Zapotec, Mesoamerica | * '''Culture:''' Zapotec, Mesoamerica | ||
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* '''Role in society:''' "The ''biza'ah'' sometimes engage in the stereotypically feminine activities of their community such as the making of ceremonial candles."<ref name="DTAglobal">{{Cite web |title=Global Terms |author= |work=Digital Transgender Archive |date= |access-date=5 December 2020 |url= https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms}}</ref> | * '''Role in society:''' "The ''biza'ah'' sometimes engage in the stereotypically feminine activities of their community such as the making of ceremonial candles."<ref name="DTAglobal">{{Cite web |title=Global Terms |author= |work=Digital Transgender Archive |date= |access-date=5 December 2020 |url= https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/learn/terms}}</ref> | ||
=== Kipijuituq === | === Kipijuituq === <!--T:149--> | ||
* '''Name of identity:''' kipijuituq | * '''Name of identity:''' kipijuituq | ||
* '''Culture:''' [[Wikipedia:Netsilik Inuit|Netsilik Inuit]] | * '''Culture:''' [[Wikipedia:Netsilik Inuit|Netsilik Inuit]] | ||
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=== Kwido === | === Kwido === <!--T:150--> | ||
* '''Name of identity:''' kwido | * '''Name of identity:''' kwido | ||
* '''Culture:''' [[Wikipedia:Tewa|Tewa people]] | * '''Culture:''' [[Wikipedia:Tewa|Tewa people]] | ||
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{{Clear}} | {{Clear}} | ||
<translate> | <translate> | ||
===Hijra===<!--T:25--> | ===Hijra=== <!--T:25--> | ||
</translate> | </translate> | ||
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===Mukhannathun===<!--T:36--> | ===Mukhannathun=== <!--T:36--> | ||
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===Asog===<!--T:39--> | ===Asog=== <!--T:39--> | ||
</translate> | </translate> | ||
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<translate> | <translate> | ||
===Kathoey===<!--T:43--> | ===Kathoey=== <!--T:43--> | ||
</translate> | </translate> | ||
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===Kothi=== | ===Kothi=== <!--T:151--> | ||
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* '''Name of identity:''' Kothi or koti | * '''Name of identity:''' Kothi or koti | ||
* '''Culture:''' India/South Asia | * '''Culture:''' India/South Asia | ||
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* '''Role in society:''' "Kothis are generally of lower socioeconomic status and some kothis engage in sex work for survival."<ref name="Chakrapani" /> Kothis are attracted to men, and term the men they have sex with "panthi". In the general public, the words "kothi" and "panthi" mean similarly to the American English "[[sissy]]" and "[[butch]]"; "panthi" can also refer to men in general.<ref name="Stief2016" /> | * '''Role in society:''' "Kothis are generally of lower socioeconomic status and some kothis engage in sex work for survival."<ref name="Chakrapani" /> Kothis are attracted to men, and term the men they have sex with "panthi". In the general public, the words "kothi" and "panthi" mean similarly to the American English "[[sissy]]" and "[[butch]]"; "panthi" can also refer to men in general.<ref name="Stief2016" /> | ||
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Kothi is sometimes seen as an umbrella term for gender-variant AMAB people which [[hijra]] falls under.<ref name="Stief2016" /> | Kothi is sometimes seen as an umbrella term for gender-variant AMAB people which [[hijra]] falls under.<ref name="Stief2016" /> | ||
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===Yimpininni===<!--T:138--> | ===Yimpininni=== <!--T:138--> | ||
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===Fa'afafine and Fa'afatama===<!--T:56--> | ===Fa'afafine and Fa'afatama=== <!--T:56--> | ||
</translate> | </translate> | ||
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===Māhū===<!--T:61--> | ===Māhū=== <!--T:61--> | ||
</translate> | </translate> | ||
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===The six genders in classical Judaism===<!--T:93--> | ===The six genders in classical Judaism=== <!--T:93--> | ||
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