Recognition (USA): Difference between revisions
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| University of California - Los Angeles (UCLA) | | University of California - Los Angeles (UCLA) | ||
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| One of the first schools to cover transgender health care under its student health insurance, and makes it easy to access these benefits. | | One of the first schools to cover transgender health care under its student health insurance, and makes it easy to access these benefits. The campus has gender-inclusive athletic facilities and more than 120 gender-inclusive bathrooms.<ref name="Beemyn2012" /> | ||
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| University of California - Riverside (UCR) | | University of California - Riverside (UCR) | ||
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| University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, PA) | | University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, PA) | ||
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| LGBT center has | | LGBT center has a two-story building. Student culture is accepting of openly transgender people. Student health service is knowledgeable about trans health issues.<ref name="Beemyn2012" /> | ||
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| University of Puget Sound | | University of Puget Sound | ||
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| University of Vermont (UVM) (Burlington, VT) | | University of Vermont (UVM) (Burlington, VT) | ||
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| Nondiscrimination policy includes "gender identity/expression." Has trans focused events. Lets students | | Nondiscrimination policy includes "gender identity/expression." Has trans focused events. Lets students become listed by their preferred name. Works to help other schools be transgender-inclusive.<ref name="Beemyn2012" /> | ||
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| University of Washington (UW) (Seattle, WA) | | University of Washington (UW) (Seattle, WA) | ||
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| Allows gender-neutral housing.<ref name="College" /> Has had a Q Center since 2005, which "welcomes students, staff, and faculty who are transgender". The University plans that in 2016 it will "broaden gender-neutral options for housing to include all of the new residence halls on west campus as well as Haggett Hall, which has provided gender-neutral bathrooms and living quarters for several years. ... UW staff is working on giving students an easy option to change gender on University forms."<ref>Julie Garner, "True to self." ''Columns: The University of Washington Alumni Magazine'', September 10, 2015. [https://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns-magazine/september-2015/features/transgender/ https://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns-magazine/september-2015/features/transgender/]</ref> | | Allows gender-neutral housing.<ref name="College" /> Has had a Q Center since 2005, which "welcomes students, staff, and faculty who are transgender". The University plans that in 2016 it will "broaden gender-neutral options for housing to include all of the new residence halls on west campus as well as Haggett Hall, which has provided gender-neutral bathrooms and living quarters for several years. ... UW staff is working on giving students an easy option to change their gender on University forms."<ref>Julie Garner, "True to self." ''Columns: The University of Washington Alumni Magazine'', September 10, 2015. [https://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns-magazine/september-2015/features/transgender/ https://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns-magazine/september-2015/features/transgender/]</ref> | ||
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| Vassar | | Vassar | ||
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| "True Name" initiative enables customers to have their chosen name on | | "True Name" initiative enables customers to have their chosen name on their cards<ref name="Mastercard" /> | ||
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| SunTrust (bank) | | SunTrust (bank) | ||
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===Private employment agencies=== | ===Private employment agencies=== | ||
Public employment agencies (the Department of Labor, the "unemployment agency") would be not in this section, but | Public employment agencies (the Department of Labor, the "unemployment agency") would be not in this section, but the section for state government and the federal government. | ||
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center;" | {|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center;" | ||
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==Government== | ==Government== | ||
Federal and state | Federal and state governments | ||
===Official documents of identity=== | ===Official documents of identity=== | ||
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Red: State does not alter sex on birth certificates for transsexual people]] | Red: State does not alter sex on birth certificates for transsexual people]] | ||
In the USA, official documentation such as driver's licenses, passports, and birth certificates all show an M or an F only. Only one person in the USA has managed to get a different gender marker than M or F, who was an adult intersex person who asked for theirs to say "hermaphrodite."<ref name="Litigation">"Litigation." ''Intersex and Genderqueer Recognition.'' http://www.intersexrecognition.org/litigation.html</ref> Currently, even changing one's gender marker from M to F or vice versa is difficult. Some states require proof of surgery (meaning a letter from the surgeon, or from a doctor who has examined the person) | In the USA, official documentation such as driver's licenses, passports, and birth certificates all show an M or an F only. Only one person in the USA has managed to get a different gender marker than M or F, who was an adult intersex person who asked for theirs to say "hermaphrodite."<ref name="Litigation">"Litigation." ''Intersex and Genderqueer Recognition.'' http://www.intersexrecognition.org/litigation.html</ref> Currently, even changing one's gender marker from M to F or vice versa is difficult. Some states require proof of surgery (meaning a letter from the surgeon, or from a doctor who has examined the person) to change the gender marker on the identification, some states don't, and some states don't allow the gender marker to be changed at all. | ||
Activism for nonbinary and intersex people-- and transgender people of all kinds-- should ask for these forms of identification to allow another gender marker, such as X, and to be able to change one's gender marker more easily, without proof of surgery or other paperwork. Or better yet, activism should ask for these forms of identification to stop recording sex or gender entirely, because there are better ways to identify people now. That would make life and paperwork safer and easier for transgender people of all kinds. | Activism for nonbinary and intersex people-- and transgender people of all kinds-- should ask for these forms of identification to allow another gender marker, such as X, and to be able to change one's gender marker more easily, without proof of surgery or other paperwork. Or better yet, activism should ask for these forms of identification to stop recording sex or gender entirely, because there are better ways to identify people now. That would make life and paperwork safer and easier for transgender people of all kinds. | ||
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====Social Security card==== | ====Social Security card==== | ||
Social Security cards are one of the few government-issued IDs that do not list gender on them. However, the Social Security Administration keeps a record of gender. Current policy holds that surgery is not required to change that gender record. Instead, the Administration will accept | Social Security cards are one of the few government-issued IDs that do not list gender on them. However, the Social Security Administration keeps a record of gender. Current policy holds that surgery is not required to change that gender record. Instead, the Administration will accept a full-validity U.S. passport, a state birth certificate showing the new gender, a court order ordering legal recognition of the new gender, or a doctor's letter saying that the person "has had appropriate clinical treatment for gender transition to the new gender."<ref><em>See</em> Social Security Administration, <em>Changing Numident Data for Reasons Other Than Name Change</em>, [https://secure.ssa.gov/poms.nsf/lnx/0110212200 Records Maintenance § 10212.200(B)(2)] (as of Mar. 19, 2015). The physician's certificate accepted by the Administration is the same as that accepted by the Department of State for permanently changing one's passport gender. <em>Compare</em> <em>id.</em> <em>with</em> [http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/143160.pdf#page=3 7 U.S. Dep't of State, Foreign Affairs Manual § 1300 appx. M, at 3-4].</ref> | ||
===Marriage certificates=== | ===Marriage certificates=== | ||
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====Massachusetts==== | ====Massachusetts==== | ||
Marriage certificates at the City of Cambridge in Massachusetts ask for | Marriage certificates at the City of Cambridge in Massachusetts ask for binary sex, but by special permission, this can be left blank, so the marriage certificate has no gender on it.<ref>http://practicalandrogyny.tumblr.com/post/7025100121/gender-free-marriage-certificate-from-cambridge</ref> | ||
===Voting=== | ===Voting=== | ||
Transgender disenfranchisement is the practice of creating or upholding barriers that keep transgender people from voting. One way this happens is by requiring that people need to show ID | Transgender disenfranchisement is the practice of creating or upholding barriers that keep transgender people from voting. One way this happens is by requiring that people need to show ID to vote. That makes problems for transgender people who have mismatches on the gender markers on their ID. For nonbinary people, in particular, they may be limited to forms of ID that don't show a gender marker, such as Social Security cards (which some states don't accept as ID) or military retiree ID cards (which some people don't have and perhaps can't get). Some states let people prove their identity by showing a utility bill, which doesn't show gender, assuming the bill doesn't address the customer by a gendered title. See [[Wikipedia:Transgender disenfranchisement in the United States]] for more about this transgender rights issue. | ||
==Housing== | ==Housing== | ||
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The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) maintains a list of health insurance companies and their relevant policies: "[http://www.hrc.org/resources/entry/finding-insurance-for-transgender-related-healthcare Finding Insurance For Transgender Related Health Care]." | The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) maintains a list of health insurance companies and their relevant policies: "[http://www.hrc.org/resources/entry/finding-insurance-for-transgender-related-healthcare Finding Insurance For Transgender Related Health Care]." | ||
However, even with coverage, many insurance companies will misgender clients on ID cards, websites, and | However, even with coverage, many insurance companies will misgender clients on ID cards, websites, and promotional mailings (such as those offering a discount for getting a certain medical procedure). | ||
Many medical records use M or F markers and contain all aliases, and even in trans-centric places like the Lyon-Martin Clinic, paperwork is labeled by legal gender marker and a (T) for transgender when applicable. These markers and names often print on medical ID bracelets, including emergency rooms, hospitals, and in-patient psychiatric wards. At least one hospital, Sutter General in West Oakland, is willing to prevent deadnames from printing to ID bracelets upon formal request through the patient complaint customer service phone line; however, it was not willing to remove the gender marker. | Many medical records use M or F markers and contain all aliases, and even in trans-centric places like the Lyon-Martin Clinic, paperwork is labeled by legal gender marker and a (T) for transgender when applicable. These markers and names often print on medical ID bracelets, including emergency rooms, hospitals, and in-patient psychiatric wards. At least one hospital, Sutter General in West Oakland, is willing to prevent deadnames from printing to ID bracelets upon formal request through the patient complaint customer service phone line; however, it was not willing to remove the gender marker. | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [http://www.intersexrecognition.org/home.html Intersex & Genderqueer Recognition Project] "is the only legal organization in the United States addressing the right of non-binary adults to gender-self-identify on legal documents. [...] IGRP's goal is to allow non-binary adults to self-identify as something other than male or female on their driver’s license, passport, and other government issued identification." | * [http://www.intersexrecognition.org/home.html Intersex & Genderqueer Recognition Project] "is the only legal organization in the United States addressing the right of non-binary adults to gender-self-identify on legal documents. [...] IGRP's goal is to allow non-binary adults to self-identify as something other than male or female on their driver’s license, passport, and other government-issued identification." | ||
* [https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-maps/identity_document_laws/ Movement Advancement Project: Identity Document Laws and Policies] | * [https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-maps/identity_document_laws/ Movement Advancement Project: Identity Document Laws and Policies] | ||
Revision as of 00:28, 12 August 2020
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It is estimated that there are over 450,000 nonbinary individuals in the United States of America.[1] This article gives information on recognition of nonbinary gender identities in law, government, services, and businesses in the USA. This also deals with policies about transgender people in general, and related policies about intersex people. Recognition here means whether an organization acknowledges that such people exist and have valid identities, and the organization does this by routinely giving them a place where they aren't forced into being wrongly categorized as a gender that doesn't match their gender identity. In the case of recognition of nonbinary people, this means the system doesn't force them to wrongly say they are one of the binary genders (female or male).
How to use
When adding to the tables, please note all sections are in alphabetical order, as are the entries within them. Here is an explanation of the columns and the color code in most of the tables on this page.
Color code for each cell in the below tables:
- green (#9f9) means it doesn't ask for this information at all. This is ideal because it doesn't need to be changed, won't make a mismatch with other paperwork, and is no trouble.
- blue (#9ff) means it offers a write-in field. This is good because it acknowledges the existence of nonbinary people, but it can make a mismatch with other paperwork.
- yellow (#ffb) means it asks but answering it is optional. For a title, this means it lets you leave it blank. For a gender, this means it lets you leave it blank, or select an option called "none", "prefer not to state", or "unspecified". This doesn't acknowledge the existence of nonbinary people and can make mismatches with other paperwork, but it's better than otherwise.
- purple (#f9d) means it has a mandatory selection but gives some gender-neutral options, which may even acknowledge the existence of people who are nonbinary or intersex. For a title, this means the available options include not only Dr but Mx. For gender, it acknowledges that there could be other genders than female or male, giving options such as "other" or "intersex". This acknowledges the existence of nonbinary people, which is good, but requires you to be either out or closeted, and can create mismatches with other paperwork, which is trouble.
- red (#f99) is mandatory selection, without gender-neutral options. For a title, the only remotely gender-neutral titles it offers are things such as "Dr". For a gender, it only allows only female or male. This is the worst because it is nonbinary erasure. Activists need to let the organization know it can be more inclusive.
- white background means we don't have information about this yet, or some other situation (describe)
Columns in the table:
- Title is for title selection. Does the organization's paperwork require you to give a title such as Dr., does it let you leave it blank, or does it let you write in gender neutral titles such as Mx?
- Gender is for explicit gender (or "sex") selection. Does the organization's paperwork require you to say what gender you are, or doesn't ask? If it does, are you limited only to female and male options, or does it offer more options, or can you write in something else?
Ideally, please include a link to evidence, such as a screenshot or scan of the paperwork, with personal details blacked out, or cite a source.
Businesses
This section is for kinds of businesses other than listed elsewhere on this page. Please add to this section.
Planet Fitness in Richmond, CA is willing to let individuals "choose" which of the two binary locker rooms they would like to use.
Charities
Charitable organizations. Please add to this section.
Education
Schools of all kinds, as well as other educational resources.
Note that for gender nonconforming children and teens, homeschooling or unschooling is an option. This still involves a lot of paperwork, but it's a life-saving option for youth who have difficulty fitting in or feeling safe around peers and faculty at school. Homeschooled or drop-out teens can work to pass the General Education Development (GED) test instead of getting a high school diploma. A GED certificate will satisfy all employers and colleges that ask for a high school diploma.
Colleges and universities
In the USA, many colleges use paperwork that makes problems for transgender people, especially nonbinary people. The Common Application and Universal College Application, used by many USA colleges, used to restrict answers to only the binary sex assigned at the birth of the applicant. However, starting in the 2016-2017 academic year, these applications updated the "sex" field to "sex assigned at birth" and added an optional free text field for gender.[2]
The Applying to College as a Non Binary Trans Person article is highly recommended because it goes into more detail about many aspects of college life for a nonbinary person in the USA, and some common problems in paperwork.
| Organization | Gender | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| American University | Allows gender-neutral housing, "limited to the 'social justice' house for first years"[3] | |
| Bard College | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] | |
| Bowling Green State University | Allows gender neutral housing, but is limited to Founders Hall and one floor of MacDonald Hall for 2016-17 academic year[4][5] Also has some gender neutral bathrooms accross campus [6][7] | |
| Burlington College | Can choose "I do not wish to identify"[3] | |
| College of Wooster | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] | |
| Connecticut College | Uses the Common App, which asks for sex assigned at birth, and has free text field for gender identity[2] | > |
| Dickinson College | Allows gender-neutral housing, new to first years[3] | |
| Evergreen State College, the | Can choose "unspecified"[3] | |
| Gutenberg College | Paper application doesn't ask[3] | |
| Goucher College | Application requires you to say whether your "sex" is M or F only, then asks a separate question in which you can write in your "gender."[3] | |
| Grinnell College | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] | |
| Hampshire College | Allows gender-neutral housing. Has gender-neutral bathrooms in all dorms and all over campus. Campus-wide student culture treats asking about preferred pronouns as a matter of basic etiquette.[3] | |
| Haverford | Doesn't say it has gender-neutral housing, but "regularly offers singles even to first years, and some floors have gender-neutral bathrooms".[3] | |
| Ithaca College (Ithaca, NY) | Has a gender-inclusive housing option that is friendly to genderqueer students. Has a speech pathology clinic to help transgender students with voice training for free.[8] | |
| Juniata College | Allows gender-neutral housing, new to first years[3] | |
| Macalester College | Uses the Common App, which asks for sex assigned at birth, and has free text field for gender identity[2] | Allows gender-neutral housing.[3] |
| New College of Florida | Doesn't say it has gender-neutral housing, but "has a campus community known for accepting gender-variant students—it works for some trans students because of the college’s informal acceptance, even if the school doesn’t have stated policies."[3] | |
| New York University (New York, NY) | Has a trans student group and several popular transgender focused events.[8] | |
| Oberlin College | Allows gender-neutral housing. Campus-wide student culture treats asking about preferred pronouns as a matter of basic etiquette.[3] | |
| Pitzer College | Allows gender-neutral housing. Lets you "indicate a gender preference for your roommate (but won't guarantee you'll get your preference)" [...] Pitzer also has the best housing application I've seen in terms of trans-friendliness".[3] | |
| Prescott College | Paper application has only M and F boxes[3] | |
| Princeton University (Princeton, NJ) | Gives a lot of transgender focused programming and events, and works to be transgender-inclusive in its services.[8] | |
| Savannah Technical College | Only "male" and "female" gender options available | |
| Shimer College (in Chicago, Illinois) | Online form lets you write in a gender as you wish[3] | |
| Skidmore College | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] | |
| St. Johns College | Paper application doesn't ask[3] | |
| University of California - Los Angeles (UCLA) | One of the first schools to cover transgender health care under its student health insurance, and makes it easy to access these benefits. The campus has gender-inclusive athletic facilities and more than 120 gender-inclusive bathrooms.[8] | |
| University of California - Riverside (UCR) | Has trans and genderqueer focused events. [8] Allows gender-neutral housing, as do all U of California schools, but this particular one is said to be "especially good" with "many options" of that kind.[3] | |
| University of California - Santa Cruz (UCSC) | Online application form gives about six gender options.[9] Has separate questions for gender and for sex assigned at birth. Students can also indicate a preferred name and pronouns.[10] | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] |
| University of Massachusetts, Amherst | Formerly had actively transphobic faculty, but now works to be trans inclusive.[8] | |
| University of Michigan, Ann Arbor | Works to be trans inclusive. Lets students be listed and called by a preferred name, in all contexts, rather than their legal name. Student culture accepts openly transgender students.[8] | |
| University of Oregon (Eugene, OR) | Can choose "unspecified"[3] | Works to be trans inclusive by introducing trans friendly policies before they're asked for. Rec centre has gender-inclusive locker rooms. Most buildings have gender-inclusive bathrooms.[8] Allows gender-neutral housing.[3] |
| University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, PA) | LGBT center has a two-story building. Student culture is accepting of openly transgender people. Student health service is knowledgeable about trans health issues.[8] | |
| University of Puget Sound | Allows gender-neutral housing, new to first years[3] | |
| University of Vermont (UVM) (Burlington, VT) | Nondiscrimination policy includes "gender identity/expression." Has trans focused events. Lets students become listed by their preferred name. Works to help other schools be transgender-inclusive.[8] | |
| University of Washington (UW) (Seattle, WA) | Allows gender-neutral housing.[3] Has had a Q Center since 2005, which "welcomes students, staff, and faculty who are transgender". The University plans that in 2016 it will "broaden gender-neutral options for housing to include all of the new residence halls on west campus as well as Haggett Hall, which has provided gender-neutral bathrooms and living quarters for several years. ... UW staff is working on giving students an easy option to change their gender on University forms."[11] | |
| Vassar | Doesn't say it has gender-neutral housing, but "has gender-neutral bathrooms throughout campus and in all the dorms".[3] | |
| Warren Wilson college | Application requires you to say whether your "sex" is M or F only, then asks a separate question in which you can write in your "gender."[3] | |
| Wesleyan University | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] | |
| Western Washington University | Can choose "unspecified"[3] | Allows gender-neutral housing[3] |
Finance
Banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions.
| Organization | Title | Gender | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| BECU (credit union) | Doesn't print title on debit or credit card. | ||
| BMO Harris (bank) | "True Name" initiative enables customers to have their chosen name on the their cards[12][13] | ||
| Capitol One (bank) | Doesn't print title on debit or credit card.[9] | ||
| Chase (bank) | Doesn't print title on debit or credit card.[9] | ||
| Mastercard | "True Name" initiative enables customers to have their chosen name on their cards[12] | ||
| SunTrust (bank) | Doesn't print title on debit or credit card.[9] | ||
| Wells Fargo (bank) | Doesn't print title on debit or credit card.[9] |
Employment
In general, employment discrimination laws regarding gender identity and LGBT identity vary by state. See Wikipedia: Legal aspects of transsexualism in the United States - Employment discrimination.
Private employment agencies
Public employment agencies (the Department of Labor, the "unemployment agency") would be not in this section, but the section for state government and the federal government.
| Organization | Title | Gender | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| RobertHalf OfficeTeam (office temping agency) | Doesn't ask | Doesn't ask |
Government
Federal and state governments
Official documents of identity
| |
The contents of this page are outdated. You can help the Nonbinary Wiki by finding up-to-date information and completing it! Note to editors: remember to always support the information you proved with external references! |
In the USA, official documentation such as driver's licenses, passports, and birth certificates all show an M or an F only. Only one person in the USA has managed to get a different gender marker than M or F, who was an adult intersex person who asked for theirs to say "hermaphrodite."[14] Currently, even changing one's gender marker from M to F or vice versa is difficult. Some states require proof of surgery (meaning a letter from the surgeon, or from a doctor who has examined the person) to change the gender marker on the identification, some states don't, and some states don't allow the gender marker to be changed at all.
Activism for nonbinary and intersex people-- and transgender people of all kinds-- should ask for these forms of identification to allow another gender marker, such as X, and to be able to change one's gender marker more easily, without proof of surgery or other paperwork. Or better yet, activism should ask for these forms of identification to stop recording sex or gender entirely, because there are better ways to identify people now. That would make life and paperwork safer and easier for transgender people of all kinds.
In the tables below, this section uses a slightly different color code and column labels than the rest of this page, though still loosely based on traffic lights:
- blue (#9ff) means it's routinely friendly to transgender, intersex, and nonbinary people. In the column labeled "gender" (or "sex," if that is the term used on that document), this would mean it doesn't ask for gender information at all, or gives an option not to give the information, or gives an option other than M or F. In the column labeled "change," it lets you change your gender marker without proof of surgery.
- yellow (#ffb) means it has only rarely or with great difficulty been friendly to transgender, intersex, and nonbinary people. In the column labeled "gender," there have been rare cases where someone managed to get a gender marker other than M or F. In the column labeled "change," changing one's gender markers requires proof of surgery.
- red (#f99) means it's not friendly at all to transgender, intersex, and nonbinary people. In "gender," this means it requires everyone to choose M or F. In "change," this means it doesn't let anyone change their gender markers.
- white background means we don't have information about this yet, or some other situation (describe)
Birth certificate
In the USA, most states issue birth certificates with an M or F only, with the limitations described above. Birth certificates call their gender markers "sex" rather than "gender," and the legal definition they use for this is defined by the past or current condition of the genitals, as determined by an examination from a doctor. With this term, defined in this way, it will be difficult to get officials to recognize gender identity with no relation to genitals, or nonbinary gender identity in people who aren't intersex, or even in people who are.
| State | Sex | Change | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Alaska | M or F only[16] | ||
| Arizona | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Arkansas | M, F, or X[17] | No documentation needed | |
| California | The first state to allow a third option, "nonbinary," on birth certificates, starting when SB 179, or the Gender Recognition Act, was signed into law on October 15, 2017.[18] | Allows change without a hearing upon request.[19][20] | |
| Colorado | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Connecticut | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation, no proof of surgery required.[15] | |
| Delaware | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| District of Columbia | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation, requiring only a letter from a doctor, not surgery.[15] | |
| Florida | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Georgia | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Hawaii | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Idaho | M or F only | Doesn't allow anyone to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Illinois | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Indiana | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation upon request, without requiring a letter from a doctor or surgery.[15] | |
| Iowa | M or F only | Requires a doctor's proof of "surgery or other treatment [so that] a sex change has occurred" to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Kansas | M or F only | Doesn't allow anyone to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Kentucky | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Louisiana | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Maine | M, F, or X[21] | Requires an "individual notarized affirmation that the change is made to align the record with their gender
identity." Name on birth certificate can only be changed at the same time as the gender marker change.[22] |
"At the time of birth, parents may opt to have a nonbinary designation on the [baby's] birth certificate."[22] |
| Maryland | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Massachusetts | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Michigan | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Minnesota | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation upon request, without requiring a letter from a doctor or surgery.[15] | |
| Mississippi | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation upon request, without requiring a letter from a doctor or surgery.[15] | |
| Missouri | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Montana | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Nebraska | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Nevada | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation upon request, without requiring a letter from a doctor or surgery.[15] | |
| New Hampshire | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation upon request, without requiring a letter from a doctor or surgery.[15] | |
| New Jersey | M, F, or undesignated/nonbinary. The latter became available on February 1, 2019, making this the 6th state to offer nonbinary birth certificates.[23] | In 2019, proof of medical transition or surgery is no longer required to change your birth certificate in this state. [23][15] | |
| New Mexico | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| New York | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation, requiring only a letter from a doctor, not surgery.[15] | |
| North Carolina | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| North Dakota | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Ohio | M or F only, with only one case to the exception: an adult intersex person won a lawsuit to change their birth certificate to say "hermaphrodite."[14] | Doesn't allow anyone to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Oklahoma | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Oregon | M or F, with one exception where a birth certificate was changed to say "Nonbinary" [24] | Allows people to change sex designation. Applicant must have undergone surgical, hormonal, or other treatment appropriate for that individual for the purpose of gender transition and that sexual reassignment has been completed. Surgery not required. Doctor letter may be required by a specific judge, though this is uncommon. [25] | |
| Pennsylvania | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Rhode Island | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| South Carolina | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Tennessee | M or F only | Doesn't allow anyone to change sex designation. Furthermore, "this is the only state that has a statute specifically forbidding the correction of sex designations on birth certificates for transgender people."[15] | |
| Texas | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Utah | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Vermont | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation, requiring only a letter from a doctor saying they've had a transition, not strictly surgery.[15] | |
| Virginia | M or F only | Requires proof of surgery to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Washington | M, F, or X, since January 27, 2018, per rule WAC 246-490-075.[26] | Allows people to change sex designation on birth certificate. Since January 27, 2018, per rule WAC 246-490-075 requires only "the appropriate Sex Designation Change request form. A court order or a letter from your physician will not be accepted."[26] | |
| Wisconsin | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation.[15] | |
| Wyoming | M or F only | Allows people to change sex designation.[15] |
Driver's license
In the USA, driver's licenses in most states can show an M or F only, with the limitations described above that apply to all official documents. As with birth certificates, the gender marker on driver's licenses is called "sex" instead of "gender." All U.S. states allow the gender marker to be changed on a driver's license,[27] although the requirements for doing so vary by state. Often, the requirements for changing one's driver's license are less stringent than those for changing the marker on the birth certificate. This can create conflicts between documents, because sometimes a person is allowed to change their marker on one document, but not the other.
| State | Sex | Change process | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| California | M, F, or "nonbinary," which became available on driver's licenses in October 15, 2017.[18] | ||
| Colorado | Starting November 30 2018, drivers licences and ID cards can have an M, F, or X marker.[28] | Must have a DR2083 Change of Sex Designation form with a signature from their medical or behavioral healthcare provider. No specific surgery or other treatment is required.[28] | |
| Hawaii | "Starting July 1, 2020, Hawaii will update the gender marker on a Hawai’i ID to male, female, or X upon self-attestation by the applicant of their gender, no medical documentation required."[29] | ||
| Massachusetts | M, F, or X options since November 2019 [30] | ||
| Oregon | M, F, or X. The X became available on driver's license forms on 2017-07-01.[16] | ||
| Pennsylvania | "X" gender designation available starting July 2020.[31] | Fill out a form and bring it to DMV in person. No medical or social service documentation is needed.[32] | |
| Washington DC | M, F, or X (X available since June 2017)[33] | ||
| Washington state | M or F only.[16][34] |
Passports
In the USA, passports show an M or F only, with the limitations described above that apply to all official documents. The State Department determines what identifying biographical information is placed on passports. In 2010, they began to allow permanent gender marker changes to be made with a letter from a doctor saying that "the applicant has had appropriate clinical treatment for gender transition to the new gender,"[35] and no longer requires proof of surgery.[36]
Military ID
Military retiree ID cards provide an option for photo ID for some transgender people, as they don't display gender on them. However, these cards are only available to those who served in the military, and not accessible to all transgender people.[37]
Social Security card
Social Security cards are one of the few government-issued IDs that do not list gender on them. However, the Social Security Administration keeps a record of gender. Current policy holds that surgery is not required to change that gender record. Instead, the Administration will accept a full-validity U.S. passport, a state birth certificate showing the new gender, a court order ordering legal recognition of the new gender, or a doctor's letter saying that the person "has had appropriate clinical treatment for gender transition to the new gender."[38]
Marriage certificates
Massachusetts
Marriage certificates at the City of Cambridge in Massachusetts ask for binary sex, but by special permission, this can be left blank, so the marriage certificate has no gender on it.[39]
Voting
Transgender disenfranchisement is the practice of creating or upholding barriers that keep transgender people from voting. One way this happens is by requiring that people need to show ID to vote. That makes problems for transgender people who have mismatches on the gender markers on their ID. For nonbinary people, in particular, they may be limited to forms of ID that don't show a gender marker, such as Social Security cards (which some states don't accept as ID) or military retiree ID cards (which some people don't have and perhaps can't get). Some states let people prove their identity by showing a utility bill, which doesn't show gender, assuming the bill doesn't address the customer by a gendered title. See Wikipedia:Transgender disenfranchisement in the United States for more about this transgender rights issue.
Housing
In general, laws regarding housing discrimination for gender identity and LGBT people vary by state. See Transgender rights in the United States on Wikipedia.
Medical
Clinics, hospitals, health insurance. Please add to this section.
Health insurance
See the article Health insurance for more on this topic.
Many kinds of health insurance don't cover transgender-related healthcare (meaning hormone therapy and surgery). However, in some states, insurance is required by law to cover it:[40]
- California (April 2013)
- Colorado (March 2013)
- Connecticut (December 2013)
- Illinois (July 2014)
- Massachusetts (June 2014)
- New York (December 2014)
- Oregon (January 2013)
- Vermont (April 2013)
- Washington state (June 2014)
- Washington D.C. (February 2014)
The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) maintains a list of health insurance companies and their relevant policies: "Finding Insurance For Transgender Related Health Care."
However, even with coverage, many insurance companies will misgender clients on ID cards, websites, and promotional mailings (such as those offering a discount for getting a certain medical procedure).
Many medical records use M or F markers and contain all aliases, and even in trans-centric places like the Lyon-Martin Clinic, paperwork is labeled by legal gender marker and a (T) for transgender when applicable. These markers and names often print on medical ID bracelets, including emergency rooms, hospitals, and in-patient psychiatric wards. At least one hospital, Sutter General in West Oakland, is willing to prevent deadnames from printing to ID bracelets upon formal request through the patient complaint customer service phone line; however, it was not willing to remove the gender marker.
Additionally, even without medical records, ambulances and hospitals tend to pick a gender marker based on how they interpret a person to look, without asking. And even in emergency rooms with a fill-in-the-blank option for gender, staff and records tend to completely ignore this altogether.
Blood donation
The American Red Cross Blood Services does not ban transgender or nonbinary people from donating blood/platelets/etc, and they recognize the existence of various nonbinary genders. However, donors must self-identify themselves as either male or female; this is required by the FDA.[41]
Shopping
Supermarkets, stores, and other kinds of shopping in the USA. Please add to this section.
Utilities
Utilities such as power, gas, electricity, water, and communications. Please add to this section.
Veterinary
Animal and pet clinics and hospitals. Please add to this section.
Websites
Websites and online services specific to the USA, other than those listed elsewhere on this page. Otherwise, see websites and social networks, which is international. Please add to this section.
See also
External links
- Intersex & Genderqueer Recognition Project "is the only legal organization in the United States addressing the right of non-binary adults to gender-self-identify on legal documents. [...] IGRP's goal is to allow non-binary adults to self-identify as something other than male or female on their driver’s license, passport, and other government-issued identification."
- Movement Advancement Project: Identity Document Laws and Policies
References
- ↑ Hendrick; et al. (1 January 2018). ""M," "F," Or "X"? Nonbinary Gender Designations In The Workplace". Fisher Phillips. Retrieved 19 June 2020. Explicit use of et al. in:
|author=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 O'Connor, Lydia (April 28, 2016). "College Applications Just Got Way More Gender-Inclusive". HuffPost. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 Applying to College as a Non Binary Trans Person. October 21, 2013
- ↑ https://www.bgsu.edu/residence-life/housing-options/gender-neutral-housing.html
- ↑ http://www.toledoblade.com/Education/2016/05/01/BGSU-to-offer-less-expensive-all-gender-dorm.html
- ↑ https://www.bgsu.edu/content/dam/BGSU/multicultural-affairs/documents/gender-neutral-bathrooms.pdf
- ↑ https://www.bgsu.edu/content/dam/BGSU/multicultural-affairs/documents/Gender%20Neutral%20Bathrooms_List+Campus%20Map.pdf
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 Dr. Genny Beemyn and Shane Windmeyer. The Advocate. August 15, 2012. http://www.advocate.com/politics/transgender/2012/08/15/top-10-trans-friendly-colleges-and-universities?page=0,0 Mirror: http://www.campuspride.org/resources/top-10-trans/
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 http://practicalandrogyny.com/2011/03/24/a-call-for-examples/
- ↑ "Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation Questions". registrar.ucsc.edu. June 25, 2018. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ↑ Julie Garner, "True to self." Columns: The University of Washington Alumni Magazine, September 10, 2015. https://www.washington.edu/alumni/columns-magazine/september-2015/features/transgender/
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Mastercard's 'True Name' supports transgender and non-binary consumers". WARC. 11 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- ↑ https://www.bmoharris.com/main/personal/true-name/
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Litigation." Intersex and Genderqueer Recognition. http://www.intersexrecognition.org/litigation.html
- ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 15.16 15.17 15.18 15.19 15.20 15.21 15.22 15.23 15.24 15.25 15.26 15.27 15.28 15.29 15.30 15.31 15.32 15.33 15.34 15.35 15.36 15.37 15.38 15.39 15.40 15.41 15.42 http://www.lambdalegal.org/know-your-rights/transgender/changing-birth-certificate-sex-designations
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "Resources." Intersex and Genderqueer Recognition Project. Updated 2019-06-23. Retrieved 2019-07-08. https://www.intersexrecognition.org/resources
- ↑ Kate Sosin and Nico Lang. "Arkansas — Yes, Arkansas — Quietly Begins Issuing Gender-Neutral IDs to Non-Binary People." Into. 2018-10-16. Retrieved 2019-07-08. https://www.intomore.com/impact/arkansas-yes-arkansas-quietly-begins-issuing-gender-neutral-ids-to-non-binary-people
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 John Paul Brammer. NBC News. 2017-10-23. Retrieved 2019-07-08. https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/california-paves-way-nonbinary-birth-certificates-n813436
- ↑ https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB179
- ↑ https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jtes/california-just-got-one-step-closer-to-nonbinary-ids
- ↑ Milton, Josh (20 July 2020). "Non-binary people win vital legal recognition as Maine becomes 12th state to issue 'X' gender birth certificates". PinkNews. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Gender Marker Change on Birth Certificates: Frequently Asked Questions" (PDF). maine.gov. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2019/01/30/new-jersey-gender-neutral-birth-certificates/
- ↑ http://www.dailydot.com/lifestyle/oregon-court-rules-non-binary-gender-legal/
- ↑ http://www.dailydot.com/lifestyle/oregon-court-rules-non-binary-gender-legal/
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 "Sex Designation Change on a Birth Certificate." Washington State Department of Health. Retrieved 2019-07-08. https://www.doh.wa.gov/LicensesPermitsandCertificates/BirthDeathMarriageandDivorce/SexDesignationChangeonaBirthCertificate
- ↑ "Driver's License Policies by State." National Center for Transgender Equality. Accessed June 20, 2012. http://transequality.org/Resources/DL/DL_policies.html
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 "Colorado to offer non-binary sex identifier on driver licenses and IDs". Department of Revenue - Motor Vehicle. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ↑ https://transequality.org/documents/state/hawaii
- ↑ Vaughn, Alyssa (13 November 2019). "The RMV Officially Recognizes a Non-Binary Gender Option Now". Boston Magazine. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
- ↑ Limberg, Andrew (23 July 2020). "PA Now Offering Nonbinary Option for Driver License and IDs". 1010 WINS. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ↑ "Gender-Neutral Designation". PennDOT Driver & Vehicle Services. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
- ↑ Norwood, Candice (June 2019). "How Governments Are Transitioning Their Gender Policies to Nonbinary". governing.com. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
- ↑ "Change your gender designation: Driver licenses and ID cards" Washington Department of Licensing. Retrieved 2019-07-08. https://www.dol.wa.gov/driverslicense/genderchange.html
- ↑ "FAM 1300 APPENDIX M - GENDER CHANGE." United States Department of State. June 10, 2010. Accessed October 14, 2010. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/143160.pdf
- ↑ "FAM 1300 APPENDIX F - PASSPORT AMENDMENTS." United States Department of State. March 18, 2009. Accessed May 7, 2009. http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/86784.pdf
- ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions" Transgender American Veterans Association [1]
- ↑ See Social Security Administration, Changing Numident Data for Reasons Other Than Name Change, Records Maintenance § 10212.200(B)(2) (as of Mar. 19, 2015). The physician's certificate accepted by the Administration is the same as that accepted by the Department of State for permanently changing one's passport gender. Compare id. with 7 U.S. Dep't of State, Foreign Affairs Manual § 1300 appx. M, at 3-4.
- ↑ http://practicalandrogyny.tumblr.com/post/7025100121/gender-free-marriage-certificate-from-cambridge
- ↑ http://nonbinary-support.tumblr.com/post/113431196413/states-where-it-is-the-law-for-insurance-to-cover
- ↑ "LGBTQ+ Donors". redcrossblood.org. Retrieved 6 June 2020.