Gender spectrum

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    A multi-axial gender map created in 2016 by photographer Ant Smith.

    Gender spectrum or gender continuum[1][2] is a term often used as a metaphor to help explain nonbinary identities.

    In its most simplistic form, the gender spectrum is a line going from male on one end to female on the other end. However, this conceptualization has been criticised by some, as it does not fully adequately include all genders.[3] Many nonbinary genders are not "between male and female" (for example maverique, agender, aporagender, or xenogender).

    The phrase "on the gender spectrum" is sometimes used as a synonym for "nonbinary" or "gender nonconforming".[4][5]

    Gender Spectrum is also the name of a USA-based gender inclusion organization.

    History[edit | edit source]

    One of the earliest references to a gender spectrum in literature may have been from German legal author Prof. Ludwig Frey, when he uses the German language term Geshlechtsreihe in his 1898 book Die Männer des Rätsels und der Paragraph 175 des Deutschen Reichsstrafgesetzbuches ("The Men of Riddles and Paragraph 175 of the German Imperial Criminal Code").[6] Although this is not explicitly the term "gender spectrum", Geshlechtsreihe can be translated to mean a scale/spectrum/sequence of genders/sexes.

    The phrase "gender spectrum" in English dates back at least to the 1980s. For example, in a 1985 issue of the crossdressing/transsexualism magazine "Tapestry", a listing for a therapy group is described as including "transsexuals, transvestites and persons who are trying to find themselves on the gender spectrum."[7]

    References[edit | edit source]

    1. Keig, by Zander (27 September 2012). "Gender Continuum". Campus Pride. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2020. because now I feel able to express myself, along the gender continuum, without reservation
    2. Cabaj, Robert Paul. "Working with LGBTQ Patients". psychiatry.org. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2020. The gender continuum breaks down into separate, but not mutually exclusive masculine and feminine continuums.
    3. Marsh, Jeffrey [@thejeffreymarsh] (1 August 2021). "Hello cis friends! If, when you say "gender is a spectrum," you picture a line with …Man being real on one end, and Woman being real on the other…and everyone else in relation to and "in between…" …gender is not that. gender is a blob, a nebula, a sundae" – via Twitter.
    4. "Sexuality and Gender: Locked in, and Out". Women and Prison. 2020. p. 90. Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2020. While prisoners who identify on the gender spectrum overwhelmingly say that their gender is not affirmed how they would identify, there are some that note being on the gender spectrum is easier than being transgender.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
    5. Ehrensaft, Diane (2016). The Gender Creative Child. p. 106. ...the jury is still out as to exactly why we are seeing this high incidence of children on the autism spectrum showing up also as children on the gender spectrum...
    6. Frey, Ludwig (1898). Die Männer des Rätsels und der Paragraph 175 des Deutschen Reichsstrafgesetzbuches. Leipzig: Verlag von Max Spohr. p. 216. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023.
    7. "Tapestry Issue 46 (1985)." Periodical. Digital Transgender Archive, https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/files/6682x4006 (accessed October 02, 2020).