Gender neutral language: Difference between revisions
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* ''Siú'' - suggested from some learners in the duolingo community, it bears resemblance to ''Sé'' and ''Sí'' but stands alone as a gender neutral alternative. Not regularly used. | * ''Siú'' - suggested from some learners in the duolingo community, it bears resemblance to ''Sé'' and ''Sí'' but stands alone as a gender neutral alternative. Not regularly used. | ||
* ''Duí'' - non-standard, used in place of ''Sí'' and ''Sé'', it derives from the word ''duine'' which translates to ''person''. Bear in mind that the grammatical gender of ''duine'' itself is grammatically masculine in gender. | * ''Duí'' - non-standard, used in place of ''Sí'' and ''Sé'', it derives from the word ''duine'' which translates to ''person''. Bear in mind that the grammatical gender of ''duine'' itself is grammatically masculine in gender. | ||
* ''Cí'' - non-standard, nonbinary pronoun inspired from Gaulish "Chí" | |||
Irish has three grammatical forms for personal pronouns: conjunctive form, disjunctive form and emphatic form. | Irish has three grammatical forms for personal pronouns: conjunctive form, disjunctive form and emphatic form. | ||
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'''Conjunctive form''' | '''Conjunctive form''' | ||
The conjunctive form is used when the subject follows the verb. Standard Irish sentence structure is Verb Subject Object or VSO. Forms corresponding to the non-standard pronouns above include ''Siú'' and '' | The conjunctive form is used when the subject follows the verb. Standard Irish sentence structure is Verb Subject Object or VSO. Forms corresponding to the non-standard pronouns above include ''Siú'',''Duí'' and ''Cí''. | ||
Example: | Example: | ||
''Ritheann siú'' or "they (sg.) run" | ''Ritheann siú'' or "they (sg.) run" | ||
''Ritheann duí'' or "they (sg.) run" | ''Ritheann duí'' or "they (sg.) run" | ||
''Ritheann cí'' or "they (sg.) run" | |||
'''Disjunctive form''' | '''Disjunctive form''' | ||
The disjunctive form is used when the pronoun isn't the subject or the subject pronoun doesn't follow the verb. Forms corresponding to the non-standard pronouns above include ''Iú'' and '' | The disjunctive form is used when the pronoun isn't the subject or the subject pronoun doesn't follow the verb. Forms corresponding to the non-standard pronouns above include ''Iú'',''Dhuí'' and ''Chí'' | ||
Examples: | Examples: | ||
''Is dalta iú'' or "they are a student" | ''Is dalta iú'' or "they are a student" | ||
''Is duine dhuí'' or "they are a person" | ''Is duine dhuí'' or "they are a person" | ||
''Is garda chí'' or "they are a police officer" | |||
''Buailim mé iú'' or "I hit them" | ''Buailim mé iú'' or "I hit them" | ||
''Buailim mé dhuí'' or "I hit them" | ''Buailim mé dhuí'' or "I hit them" | ||
''Buailim mé chí'' or "I hit them" | |||
'''Emphatic form''' | '''Emphatic form''' | ||
Emphatic form is used to emphasize pronouns and is similar to the English use of italics to give words a bit more weight. Conjunctive and Disjunctive forms exist within the Emphatic form. Forms for the nonstandard pronouns include ''Suisa'' and '' | Emphatic form is used to emphasize pronouns and is similar to the English use of italics to give words a bit more weight. Conjunctive and Disjunctive forms exist within the Emphatic form. Forms for the nonstandard pronouns include ''Suisa'',''Duísean'' and ''Císa'' (emphatic conjunctive) and ''Uisa'', ''Dhuísean'' and ''Chísa (emphatic disjunctive). | ||
Examples: | Examples: | ||
''Is dhuísean!'' or "It's ''them'" | ''Is dhuísean!'' or "It's ''them'" | ||
''Is suisa!'' or "It's ''them''" | ''Is suisa!'' or "It's ''them''" | ||
''Is císa!'' or "It's ''them''" | |||
In addition to these other forms of pronouns, The irish language has "prepositional pronouns", which create specific forms of gender pronouns depending on the type of preposition. | In addition to these other forms of pronouns, The irish language has "prepositional pronouns", which create specific forms of gender pronouns depending on the type of preposition. | ||
===Titles=== | ===Titles=== | ||
===Family terms=== | ===Family terms=== | ||
There are words that would be categorized in binary genders but could be used as neutral sounding words. | |||
* ''Páiste'' means child, (plural ''páistí''), grammatically masculine. | * ''Páiste'' means child, (plural ''páistí''), grammatically masculine. | ||
* ''Tuismitheoir'' means parent (plural ''tuismitheoirí''), grammatically masculine. | * ''Tuismitheoir'' means parent (plural ''tuismitheoirí''), grammatically masculine. | ||