Gênero-fluido

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Revision as of 17:07, 19 June 2022 by imported>Duduver9 (Created page with "Nos anos 1990 e 2000, pode ter sido mais comum para pessoas gênero-fluido se autodenominarem bigênero ou gênero queer. Antes disso, era comum ainda o termo cross-dresser (transformista).")
Genderfluid/pt-br
« Percebi que eu sou tanto uma mulher quanto algo próximo de um homem, mas não exatamente isso. Onde eu estou nessa escala varia. »
— Alex, 25 (Gênero-fluido)[1]

Gênero-fluido também conhecido como gênero fluido, género-fluido ou fluido de gênero é uma identidade englobada pelos termos guarda-chuva multigênero, não-binárie e transgênero. Indivíduos que são gênero-fluido possuem diferentes identidades de gênero em períodos diferentes. A identidade de gênero de alguém gênero-fluido pode incluir vários gêneros ao mesmo tempo e depois variar para gênero nenhum, por exemplo. Também pode ocorrer variações entre identidades de gênero singulares, ou mesmo uma combinação destes casos. Para algumas pessoas gênero-fluido, essas mudanças acontecem várias vezes durante o dia e, para outras, em períodos mensais ou ainda menos frequentes. As flutuações podem ocorrer tanto regularmente entre alguns gêneros específicos, (a exemplo de pessoas que flutuam entre dois gêneros, as quais podem incluir-se na identidade bigênero), enquanto outras podem ser totalmente inconstantes, de modo que algumas pessoas nunca saberão qual identidade terão em seguida.

Para facilitar a leitura, este artigo usa a palavra gênero-fluido para todas as pessoas que possuem fluidez de gênero. Algumas pessoas que são fluidas de gênero não adotam o termo "gênero-fluido". No lugar, é comum o uso de outros rótulos, como gênero queer, bigênero, multigênero, gênero-fae, poligênero etc. É importante entender que cada pessoa tem o direito de decidir como definir a própria identidade de gênero.

History

Kate Bornstein mentioned gender fluidity in 1994, in the book Gender Outlaw: On Men, Women and the Rest of Us, "and then I found that gender can have fluidity, which is quite different from ambiguity. If ambiguity is a refusal to fall within a prescribed gender code, then fluidity is the refusal to remain one gender or another. Gender fluidity is the ability to freely and knowingly become one or many of a limitless number of genders, for any length of time, at any rate of change. Gender fluidity recognizes no borders or rules of gender."[2]

A palavra "gênero-fluido" tem sido usada, pelo menos, desde os anos 90, embora com um significado um pouco diferente. O advogado transgênero Michael M. Hernandez escreveu, em 1996:

« Gênero-fluido quer dizer que a identidade de gênero e/ou a sua expressão envolve tanto o masculino quanto o feminino. A fluidez de gênero vem se tornando comumente conhecida como transgeneridade: a habilidade de transcender o gênero, seja biológico, emocional, político, entre outros; realmente mesclando masculino e feminino. [3] »

Nos anos 1990 e 2000, pode ter sido mais comum para pessoas gênero-fluido se autodenominarem bigênero ou gênero queer. Antes disso, era comum ainda o termo cross-dresser (transformista).

The earliest extant entry for "gender fluid" in the Urban Dictionary was added in 2007.[4]

In 2010, the Gender-Fluid community was created on LiveJournal.[5]

In 2012, JJ Poole (tumblr user thoughtstoberemembered) created what would become the most widely-used genderfluid flag.[6][7]

In 2014, "Gender Fluid" was one of the 56 genders made available on Facebook.[8]

In 2015, Dictionary.com added an entry for "gender-fluid,"[9] which it defined as an adjective meaning "noting or relating to a person whose gender identity or gender expression is not fixed and shifts over time or depending on the situation." It listed as synonyms genderfluid, gender fluid, and gender-flexible.[10]

In 2018, Washington state began to allow "X" gender markers on official documents[11], with the law stating that
« "X" means a gender that is not exclusively male or female, including, but not limited to, intersex, agender, amalgagender, androgynous, bigender, demigender, female-to-male, genderfluid, genderqueer, male-to-female, neutrois, nonbinary, pangender, third sex, transgender, transsexual, Two Spirit, and unspecified.[12] »

Influences on gender fluidity

« Sometimes, when I'm feeling a certain way, like if I'm currently masculine, I wonder to myself, "What if I don't change from this? What if I'm not genderfluid and just a transboy?" But I always change again, and it's cool and weird. I guess I just have mixed feelings about it. Is it a good or bad thing? I don't know. »
— Starling (Genderfluid)[1]

Usually, gender fluidity happens by itself, so that a person feels like, say, a girl at a certain time, rather than choosing to be a girl at a certain time.[13] Some genderfluid people find that no outside or inside things tend to influence their gender identity to change. They find that their gender fluidity is unpredictable and happens randomly. Other genderfluid people find that their gender changes depending on the situation and is influenced by inside or outside sources. Some move from one gender to the next on a regular cycle, resembling a lunar cycle, or synchronizing with their menstrual cycle. Other genderfluid people are sometimes able to use their willpower to guide their gender to change in a way and/or at the time that they want it to.

Menstrual cycle and its effect on gender fluidity

While it is still unclear, changes in gender that correlate with the menstrual cycle could be caused by how hormone levels naturally rise and fall during menstruation. However, it's also possible to mistakenly believe that gender identity moves with the menstrual cycle, and the only way to be sure is to keep a daily journal. Such a journal could look like this:

Date Gender identity on that day Day in menstrual cycle
2013-03-09 Male (all day) 14
2013-03-10 Male, then female 15

After enough data is collected, any patterns that exist should become visible. These patterns could include feeling like a certain gender during a certain day in the cycle or feeling like a certain gender at times when a certain hormone, such as estrogen, is highest/lowest. Similar tables can be used to track if gender identity is connected to a different cycle.

In 2012, Case and Ramachandran gave a report on the results of a survey of genderfluid people who call themselves bigender who experience involuntary alternation between female and male states. Case and Ramachandran gave this condition the name "Alternating gender incongruity (AGI)." Case and Ramachandran made the hypothesis that gender alternation may reflect an unusual degree (or depth) of hemispheric switching and the corresponding suppression of sex appropriate body maps in the parietal cortex. They "hypothesize[d] that tracking the nasal cycle, rate of binocular rivalry, and other markers of hemispheric switching will reveal a physiological basis for AGI individuals' subjective reports of gender switches... We base our hypotheses on ancient and modern associations between the left and right hemispheres and the male and female genders."[14][15][16] Case and Ramachandran believe that when bigender people feel a change between their gender identities, it may have to do with a change in how they use parts of their brains. The gender change might also have to do with a natural body cycle, specifically, a valve in the nose that changes sides every two days (the nasal cycle). However, this idea is still only a hypothesis, and more study is needed to confirm it.

Gender expression

Genderfluid people often feel a need to change their gender expression to match whatever their current gender has become. This may mean having groups of different kinds of clothing in their closet, so they can dress as a woman, man, or otherwise, depending on how they feel that day. It can also mean temporarily changing their body shape by using binding, packing, breast prostheses, or tucking. However, in some situations, changing gender expression isn't possible. This could be because the changes happen more than once a day, because they don't look androgynous, or because they don't feel safe in society if they were to present a certain way.

Genderfluid people don't necessarily look androgynous. They don't necessarily have an ambiguous face, body, or way of dress.

Gender dysphoria, or feeling painfully uncomfortable about how one's body and social role don't match one's gender, isn't a requirement in order to be genderfluid. Each person is different, experiencing gender fluidity in their own way. Some genderfluid people experience gender dysphoria at times or all the time. Some want to change their bodies and some take a physical transition to do so, which may include hormones or surgery. Others don't choose to transition because any change they make to their body would only feel right to them when they were in a certain gender and would feel wrong in others. Yet others have a difficult time planning their transition path, because their feelings change about what they want.[17][18]

Some genderfluid people ask to be called by a different name[18] and pronouns depending on what gender they feel at a certain time. For people who switch between only two genders, this can mean switching between two names. These may be feminine and masculine versions of the same name[19] or names that don't sound similar at all.[20] They may also take a gender-neutral name that works for them at any time, either in addition to these names, or instead of them.

Gender fluidity and dissociative identity disorder

Genderfluid people usually don't think of themselves as having alters. Most genderfluid people feel like the same person all the time, with the same likes and dislikes but a different gender. However, some genderfluid people switch between specific personas as they change genders, and each persona has their own likes and dislikes. This is different from Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), which is a disorder characterized by dissociation and the existence of alters. DID is frequently caused by traumatic abuse that happens early in childhood and almost always exists alongside PTSD or cPTSD. Gender fluidity is not caused by abuse and is not more common in people with PTSD or cPTSD.

Multiple/plural systems where some alters have different genders from the others are not automatically genderfluid. However, an individual alter can be genderfluid.

Notable genderfluid people

Dorian Electra performing in 2018.
Ruby Rose
Alok Vaid-Menon in 2017.
Sand Chang at the 2017 National Transgender Health Summit

See main article: Notable nonbinary people

There are many more notable people who have a gender identity outside of the binary. The following are only some of those notable people who specifically use the words genderfluid or fluid gender for themselves.

  • Courtney Act (b. 1982) is an Australian drag queen, pop singer, entertainer and reality television personality. Act first came to prominence competing on the first season of Australian Idol in 2003. She identifies as genderfluid[21], genderqueer, pansexual, and polyamorous.[22]
  • Bimini Bon Boulash (b. 1993) is a British drag artist known for appearing in RuPaul's Drag Race UK. In 2021 they tweeted that they are "fluid when it comes to gender."[23]
  • Sand C. Chang, PhD is a Chinese-American clinical psychologist and educator.[24] Dr. Chang is nonbinary, genderqueer, genderfluid, demiboy[25] and femme.[26] They are one of the authors of A Clinician's Guide to Gender-Affirming Care: Working with Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Clients.
  • Jonathan Rachel Clynch (b. 1971) is a well-known journalist in Ireland. As reported in the Daily Beast: "One of Irish broadcaster RTE’s best-known journalists just [in 2015] came out as 'gender fluid,' and the response so far seems wholly positive. ... The 44-year-old, who has yet to make a public statement, told his bosses that he wishes to now be known as Jonathan Rachel and would sometimes dress as a female. ... Clynch has worked with RTE for 16 years, often filling in on Radio One’s flagship 'News at One.' ... 'He has been open about it for a while now and his friends and family were all aware of his situation. He is going through a process at the moment and will speak about it in his own time and he hopes everyone will be respectful of that.'"[27]
  • Asia Kate Dillon (b. 1984) is an American actor known for playing Brandy Epps in Orange Is the New Black (2013) and Taylor Mason in Billions (2016). Dillon is nonbinary and genderfluid.[28]
  • Dorian Electra (b. 1992) is an American singer, songwriter, video and performance artist. Electra said, "Styling is so important to me as a genderfluid person, to be able to say “I’m a very flaming flammable guy”... it’s just very satisfying, ’cause that’s how I see myself, but I know it’s not necessarily how other people see me – they still call me ‘ma’am’ and stuff like that."[29]
  • Nikki Hiltz is an American mid-distance runner who came out in 2021, saying "The best way I can explain my gender is as fluid. Sometimes I wake up feeling like a powerful queen and other days I wake up feeling as if I'm just a guy being a dude, and other times I identify outside of the gender binary entirely."[35]
  • Jana Hunter is an American songwriter and musician who is trans and genderfluid.[36]
  • Siufung Law is a Hong Kong bodybuilder and activist, whose homepage bio says they identify as genderfluid.[37]
  • Bethany C. Meyers launched the fitness app for be.come, specializing in body-positive workouts. They also gave a TED talk on empowerment and body neutrality. Meyers is also bisexual, and wrote, "When I get comments about not being 'gay enough' it hurts. Aside from the way my marriage may look to others, I'm pretty gay. I'm attracted to women, I date women, I sleep with women, my friends are queer, I feel/think queer, I identity as gender fluid / non-binary, my partner the same."[38]
  • Ruby Rose (b. 1986) is an Australian actor who has won the ASTRA Awards, GQ Australia, GLAAD Media Awards, and the Australian LGBTI Awards. "On 22 July 2014, Rose came out as genderfluid, saying, "I am very gender fluid and feel more like I wake up every day sort of gender neutral.". This announcement came approximately a week after she released a short film called "Break Free," in which she visually transitions from a very feminine woman to a heavily tattooed man."[1]
  • Ciarán Strange (b. 1989)[39] is an English and Canadian singer, songwriter, and actor.[40] Strange composed the theme song for TV's first-ever transgender-focused sitcom, The Switch.[41]
  • SaSa Testa is the author of the autobiography Soy Sabrina, Soy Santiago: Género fluido y nuevas identidades (I am Sabrina, I am Santiago: Genderfluid and new identities). Testa is genderfluid.[42]
  • Hida Viloria (b. 1968) is a Latinx American writer and intersex and nonbinary rights activist, of Colombian and Venezuelan descent. Viloria is Founding Director of the Intersex Campaign for Equality, and author of the memoir Born Both: An Intersex Life. Viloria identifies as intersex and genderfluid.[48]

Genderfluid characters in fiction

A screenshot of pronoun selection in Read Only Memories. Selecting 'more options' allows you to choose from 'ze/zir/, 'xe/xir', or your own custom pronouns.

See main article: Nonbinary gender in fiction

There are many more nonbinary characters in fiction who have a gender identity outside of the binary. The following are only some of those characters who are specifically called by the words "genderfluid" or "fluid gender", either in their canon, or by their creators. At the very least, characters in this section should be known to present different gender expressions at different times, if the word "genderfluid" isn't used.

  • Brendan Chase. At the end of the novel, Freakboy, the main character, Brendan Chase identifies themselves as genderfluid. The book is primarily about their transition, and does end on a depressing note regarding their gender.
  • Alex Fierro, in Rick Riordan's Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard, is a genderfluid character who first appears in the second book and uses both he/him and she/her pronouns.
  • Tedd. El Goonish Shive includes a main character who identifies as genderfluid several years into the comic. Author Dan Shive has said that Tedd, like the author, has always been genderfluid but did not realise there was a word for it or even a concept of being nonbinary until much later in life. The comic also includes various other LGBT characters as well as shapeshifting technology.
  • Kami / Porcelain. The 'New 52' version of Secret Six introduces new character Kami / Porcelain, who is genderfluid and has been shown presenting as male, female and androgynously.
  • TOMCAT. In the video game Read Only Memories the character TOMCAT uses they/them pronouns. While it is not directly stated in-game that TOMCAT is nonbinary, artist and director John James has stated in an interview that TOMCAT "is gender fluid"[49].The game also includes other nonbinary characters, including the robot Turing and the protagonist if the player chooses so.
  • Symptoms of Being Human stars Riley Cavanaugh, a closeted genderfluid teenager. Note: the book has some possibly triggering subjects, including child abuse, transphobic violence, bullying, and suicidal thoughts.[50]
  • In The Tiger's Watch by Julia Ember, the protagonist Tashi is genderfluid and uses singular they pronouns. The author notes that "Being misgendered and forced to change their appearance in order to hide is a source of conflict in the novel. It is not the central plot conflict, though."[51]
  • Sal in Mask of Shadows and Ruin of Stars, by Linsey Miller, is genderfluid.
  • Recurring character Puck/Owen Burnett in the 1994-1997 Disney show Gargoyles was confirmed to be genderfluid and polysexual by a 2014 interview with the creative team.[52]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 This quote is a snippet from an answer to the survey conducted in the year 2018. Note for editors: the text of the quote, as well as the name, age and gender identity of its author shouldn't be changed.
  2. ↑ "gender-fluid". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
  3. ↑ Hernandez, Michael M. (1996). "Boundaries: Gender and Transgenderism". The Second Coming: A Leatherdyke Reader.
  4. ↑ http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=gender+fluid
  5. ↑ http://gender-fluid.livejournal.com/profile
  6. ↑ https://majesticmess.com/2018/12/20/interview-creator-of-the-genderfluid-flag/
  7. ↑ https://lostinthoughtspaceandfantasies.tumblr.com/post/28596790877/jaidynmarri-a-proposed-design-for-a-genderfluid
  8. ↑ Eve Shapiro, Gender circuits: Bodies and identities in a technological age. Unpaged.
  9. ↑ "New words added to Dictionary.com." May 6, 2015. Dictionary.com. http://blog.dictionary.com/2015-new-words/
  10. ↑ "Gender-fluid." Dictionary.com. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/gender-fluid
  11. ↑ Jackman, Josh (5 January 2018). "Washington to recognise third gender in groundbreaking move". PinkNews. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  12. ↑ "WAC 246-490-075: Changing sex designation on a birth certificate". Washington State Legislature. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  13. ↑ Kat. http://bigender.livejournal.com/65619.html?thread=267859#t267859
  14. ↑ Case, L. K.; Ramachandran, V. S. (2012). "Alternating gender incongruity: A new neuropsychiatric syndrome providing insight into the dynamic plasticity of brain-sex". Medical Hypotheses 78 (5): 626–631. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.041. PMID 22364652. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22364652
  15. ↑ "Bigender - Boy Today, Girl Tomorrow?". Neuroskeptic. April 8, 2012. http://neuroskeptic.blogspot.com/2012/04/bigender-boy-today-girl-tomorrow.html
  16. ↑ Stix, Gary (2012-04-20). "'Alternating Gender Incongruity' Causes Rapid Shifts Of Gender, Scientist Claims". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/19/alternating-gender-incongruity_n_1438911.html
  17. ↑ http://genderfluidprobs.tumblr.com/post/37659220000/genderfluid-problem-28 [Dead link]
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Kat. "Hi I'm new." Bigender (blog/forum). http://bigender.livejournal.com/64281.html
  19. ↑ Leo/Leann. http://bigender.livejournal.com/65263.html?thread=269551#t269551
  20. ↑ DamianBella. http://bigender.livejournal.com/65619.html?thread=265811#t265811
  21. ↑ @courtneyact (8 May 2018). "I am a gender fluid person & in the public eye. I'm passionate about gender & sexuality & do my best to understand the greater conversation by reading & educating myself but I'm still always scared to tweet the wrong thing & offend someone and be vilified by others #genderquake". Retrieved 3 April 2020 – via Twitter.
  22. ↑ Courtney Act. "About". Retrieved 3 April 2020. She’s a Prius driving, vegan, pansexual, polyamorous, genderqueer, hippy child
  23. ↑ @biminibabes (21 January 2021). "My idea was originally to paint my body in the colours of the trans* flag because I wanted to celebrate the beauty of being Trans and non-binary. As a person that identifies as fluid when it comes to gender" – via Twitter.
  24. ↑ "Sand Chang". Trans Bodies, Trans Selves. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  25. ↑ Kramer, Kaiya (11 December 2015). "Ep 69 Dr. Sand Chang Licensed Psychologist Interview". The Queer Life Radio. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  26. ↑ Harrison, Christy (2 April 2018). "Food Psych #150: Disordered Eating & Gender Identity with Sand Chang". Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  27. ↑ Tom Sykes, "A ‘Gender Fluid’ Journalist Comes Out To Irish Cheers." 2015-09-18. Daily Beast. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/09/18/a-gender-fluid-journalist-comes-out-to-irish-cheers.html
  28. ↑ Masters, Jeffrey (13 April 2017). "Asia Kate Dillon Talks Discovering The Word Non-Binary: 'I Cried'". HuffPost. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  29. ↑ https://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/44167/1/dorian-electra-new-song-video-flamboyant-interview
  30. ↑ "interview: Evan Greer". The Grey Estates. April 5, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
  31. ↑ "Evan Greer - Bio". evangreer.org. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  32. ↑ Greer, Evan (23 February 2017). "Trump is bullying transgender kids because he thinks he can get away with it". the Guardian. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  33. ↑ @evan_greer (Oct 11, 2017). "I love my life and I love myself. I love being gender fluid and I am happy with my body. I feel incredibly lucky to feel that way" – via Twitter.
  34. ↑ @evan_greer (Oct 11, 2017). "THREAD: as a gender nonconforming trans femme, every day is #NationalComingOutDay for me. Even in queer spaces, I must assert that I exist" – via Twitter.
  35. ↑ Hiltz, Nikki (June 20, 2021). "In coming out as trans, Nikki Hiltz is visible, vulnerable, and making track more inclusive". On Her Turf. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  36. ↑ Hunter, Jana (10 April 2015). "What It's Like to Be a Female Musician When You Don't Identify as a Woman". Cosmopolitan. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
  37. ↑ Homepage bio, accessed 7 June 2020
  38. ↑ Braidwood, Ella (23 August 2018). "Bethany Meyers has penned a powerful message to her bisexual fans". PinkNews. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  39. ↑ "Ciarán Strange: Actor Bio". LezWatch.TV. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  40. ↑ "Tear Down The Wall" music video released, watchtheswitch.tumblr.com, June 17, 2014
  41. ↑ Siebert, Amanda (26 August 2015). "Kieran Strange gets vocal for nerd life and LGBT rights". The Georgia Straight. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  42. ↑ Hadad, Camila (24 October 2018). ""Me dicen SaSa porque no me siento ni Sabrina ni Santiago: no soy ni hombre ni mujer"" ["Call me SaSa because I don't feel like Sabrina or Santiago: I'm neither man nor woman"]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 https://www.instagram.com/nicotortorella/
  44. ↑ "Nico Tortorella Opens Up About Sexuality & Gender Identity". Just Jared. 13 July 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  45. ↑ "American actor Nico Tortorella comes out as gender fluid". Gay Times. 2018-05-17. Retrieved 2018-05-19.
  46. ↑ Instagram bio
  47. ↑ "Alok Vaid-Menon Will Not 'Tone it Down'". www.advocate.com. 2019-08-28. Retrieved 2020-03-20.
  48. ↑ Viloria, Hida (7 April 2017). "If You Claim To Be Sex Positive, Then You Need To Be Intersex Positive". HuffPost. Retrieved 25 April 2020. As I write about in my memoir Born Both: An Intersex Life, I’m intersex and gender-fluid (meaning my gender identity and expression changes)
  49. ↑ Jesse Tannous, "Read Only Memories Director discusses LGBTQ themes in gaming." June 20, 2015. The Examiner. https://web.archive.org/web/20151023215026/http://www.examiner.com/article/read-only-memories-director-discusses-lgbtq-themes-gaming
  50. ↑ "Symptoms Of Being Human Summary". SuperSummary. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  51. ↑ "Shade asked: This sounds like an awesome story! I'm confused by the use of 'their' instead of 'her' or 'him' though".
  52. ↑ "We created the first-ever searchable database of 259 LGBTQ characters in cartoons that bust the myth that kids can't handle inclusion". insider.com. June 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
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