Facial surgery
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Facial surgeries are sought by some transgender and nonbinary individuals as part of their transition. When done on a trans person, the procedures are also called Facial Feminization Surgery (FFS) or Facial Masculinization Surgery (FMS), depending if the person is transfeminine or transmasculine.[1] These types of surgeries are also performed on cisgender men and women in some cases, in which case they may be called Facial Harmonization Surgery.[2]
Even as young children, before being conscious of gender differences, people automatically categorize faces as male or female. This categorization is involuntary and occurs in a split second. Thus, facial surgery is a necessity for some transgender and nonbinary people who wish to pass as their gender.[2]
Facial surgeries for gender transition may include having the hairline moved to create a smaller forehead, having the lips and cheekbones augmented, having the eyelids modified (blepharoplasty), having the nose reshaped (rhinoplasty), having the lips reshaped/"lifted"[3], and/or having the jaw and chin reshaped and resized (mandibular angle reduction and genioplasty). Chondrolaryngoplasty (Adam's apple reduction) is sometimes also done as part of facial feminization surgeries, although it is a surgery on the neck rather than the face.[4]
References
- ↑ "FFS and FMS Surgery Event Resources". Plume Health. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 FACIALTEAM. "FFS Surgery: Facial Gender & Facial Harmonization". Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
- ↑ "Facial Feminization". Stiller Aesthetics. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ↑ "Facial feminization surgery". Mayo Clinic. 11 September 2019. Archived from the original on 17 July 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2020.