List of nonbinary identities

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This alphabetical list of some of the more common nonbinary identities lists many gender identities that are nonbinary. That is, those other than just female and male identities, which are the binary genders. This list gives names for nonbinary identities in English-speaking cultures, as well as those that are part of other cultures. (For the latter, please never use a word for your gender that belongs only to a culture or ethnic group that is not yours.) Some of these words for nonbinary identities have been used in writing for thousands of years. Meanwhile, some of these words were created more recently. This page lists fewer of the older gender-variant identities than the new ones, because it can be harder to say whether it's accurate to put those in the category of "nonbinary." See also List of uncommon nonbinary identities.

A

Shown here live at Øyafestivalen 2013, Raeen Roes, better known by their stage name Angel Haze, is a well known agender rapper, as they announced via twitter in February 2015.
  • agender. People have been calling themselves agender since at least before 2013.[1] Some who call themselves agender have no gender identity (genderless). Others who call themselves agender have a gender identity, which isn't female or male, but neutral.[2] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 2,723 of the 11,242 respondents (24.22%) were agender.[3] Notable agender people include rapper Angel Haze,[4] [5] astrophysicist Amita Kuttner,[6] model Juno Mitchell,[7] and poet Bogi Takács.[8]
  • androgyne. This ancient word from Latin means man-woman, and it entered English in the 12th century.[9] For over a century, it has been used for a wide variety of kinds of gender nonconformance, gender identities, and gender expressions that do not fit into the gender binary.[2] It has been used as an umbrella term for them. Androgyne can mean intersex, but not all androgynes are intersex.[10] Victorian and Edwardian era people who called themselves androgynes believed their gender-nonconforming natures originated in hidden intersex characteristics in their brain or body. This was the view of a notable androgyne, autobiographer Jennie June (b. 1874).[11] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 9.38% (1054 people) of the respondents called themselves androgynes.[3]
  • autismgender or autigender. A gender identity with which some nonbinary people with autism choose to use to describe themselves. Coined on or before Aug 25, 2014 by Tumblr users autismgender and esperancegirl. They defined it as "autism as part or whole of gender identity; a gender that can only be understood in context of being autistic." When your gender experience is influenced by or linked to your autism, or your understanding of the concept of gender itself is fundamentally altered by your autism.[14] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 0.59% (66) of the responses called their gender identity autigender, autgender, autistic, or autiqueer.[3]

B

Lesbian Butch/Femme Society march in New York City's Gay Pride Parade (2007).
  • bigender, or bi-gender.[2] A bigender person feels they have two gender identities,[15] at the same time, or at different times.[16] A bigender person may move between their gender expressions based on their situation or their feelings.[15] These two genders might be female and male, or they might be a different pair of genders. Bigender was in use before 1997, when it was described in International Journal of Transgenderism.[17] The American Psychological Association (APA) recognizes bigender as one type of transgender person.[16] A 1999 survey conducted by the San Francisco Department of Public Health observed that, among the transgender community, less than 3% of those who were assigned male at birth and less than 8% of those who were assigned female at birth identified as bigender.[18] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 3.72% (419) of the respondents were bigender.[3] Notable bigender people include the top-charting musician B-Complex,[19] the speculative fiction writer R.B. Lemberg,[20][21] and the young adult novelist Mia Siegert.[22]
  • boi. A queer masculine identity which is not cis-heteronormative.[23] Boi originated in African American culture during the 1990s. It covers a wide variety of alternative masculine identities in emo, BDSM, gay male, lesbian, and genderqueer communities. For some, but not all, boi is an identity outside the gender binary. Not all who use it are people of color. Definitions of "boi" vary widely.[24][25][26] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 76 of the responses said their gender was boi, or used boi as part of a word for their gender identity, such as femme boy, femboi, tomboi, or demiboy.[3]
  • butch.[2] Butch is a queer masculine identity.[15] It originated in working-class lesbian bar culture in the 1940s and 50s.[27][28] Leslie Feinberg, who was a butch of the 1950s onward and a trans person,[29] defines butch as a category of gender identity, neither male nor female. From the mid-20th century, there has been a tradition of roles of queer butch-femme couples.[15] Butch-femme couples are not a rule, especially not after cultural changes in lesbian culture in the 1970s.[30] Butch-femme couples are not an imitation of heterosexuality.[31] Masculinity or butchness is neither the same as nor an imitation of manhood. As one trans man interviewed by sociologist Henry Rubin put it, the butch lesbian women he knew "were much more butch than me. But I was much more male than they were."[32] Though butch most often means a lesbian woman, not all are.[15] Queer theorist and butch Jack Halberstam defines its indefinability: "The butch is neither cis-gender nor simply transgender [...] Butch is always a misnomer-- not male, not female, masculine but not male, female but not feminine".[33] Butch is a diverse category. Some people choose to call themselves butch.[15] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 0.93% (105 people) of respondents called their identity butch, or some form of it, such as soft butch.[3] Notable people who call themselves butch as an identity outside the gender binary include writer Ivan E. Coyote,[34][35][36] comedian Kelli Dunham,[37] and social worker Sonalee Rashatwar.[38]

D

  • demiboy. A gender identity that expresses both male identity and agender identity, or both male and genderless.[39][2] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 7.42% (834) of the respondents said they were a demiboy, demiguy, demiman, or other form of this identity.[3]
  • demigender.[2] An umbrella term for nonbinary identities that have a partial connection to a certain gender. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 20.73% (2331) responses were demigender, demiboy, demigirl, deminonbinary, or other form of this identity.[3]
  • demigirl.[2] A gender identity that expresses both female identity and Agender identity, or both female and genderless.[40] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 7.98% (897) of the respondents said they were a demigirl, demiwoman, demifemale, or other form of this identity.[3]

E

  • enby.[2] Coined in 2013 by a nonbinary person under the Tumblr username vector (revolutionator), based on an initialism of "non-binary," "NB." A common noun for a person with a nonbinary identity. This is the nonbinary equivalent of the common nouns "boy" or "girl." Plural: enbies.[41] The word immediately caught on. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 32.1% (3609) of the respondents called themselves enbies.[3]

F

Fa'afafine banner at the Auckland pride parade in 2016.
  • fa'afafine. In Samoa, the Fa'afafine are people who were assigned male at birth, have a feminine gender expression, and don't think of themselves as female or male.[42] It has been estimated that 1–5% of Samoans identify as fa'afafine.[43] Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand estimates that there are 500 fa’afafine in Samoa, and the same number in the Samoan diaspora in New Zealand,[44] while according to SBS news, there are up to 3,000 fa'afafine currently living in Samoa.[45] No respondents to the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census were fa'afafine.[3]
  • femme.[2] Femme originated as a queer feminine identity in 1950s working-class lesbian bar culture.[27] Traditionally, femme was the counterpart of the butch role. Today, queer people who choose to call themselves femme do not necessarily seek a butch-femme relationship.[46] Femme does not simply mean a conventionally feminine woman, and is instead a culturally transgressive identity. Surveys show that a significant percentage of nonbinary and genderqueer people identify as femme.[2] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 1.35% of the respondents identified as some form of femme.[3] Some notable people who identify as femme outside the binary include author Kate Bornstein,[47] journalist Sassafras Lowrey,[48] disability rights activist Sharon daVanport,[49] and multimedia artist Dev Blair.[50]

G

Asia's first genderqueer pride parade in Madurai, 2012. The genderqueer flag can be seen here, with stripes of purple, white, and green.
  • genderfluid, or gender-fluid.[2] A gender identity that often changes, so that a person may feel one day like a boy, and another day like a girl. However, genderfluidity is not limited to being only male and female. Fluid gender. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 21.76% (2446) of the respondents were genderfluid, or otherwise called themselves "fluid."[3]
  • genderflux.[2] A gender identity that often changes in intensity, so that a person may feel one day as though they have almost no gender, or none at all, and another day they feel very gendered.[51] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 7.4% (814) of the responses were genderflux, boyflux, girlflux, agenderflux, or otherwise called themselves flux.[3]
  • genderless.[2] Having no gender identity. A synonym of agender. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 13.75% (1546) of the responses used the word genderless for themselves.[3]
  • gender neutral.[2] This can mean having nothing to do with gender, or is inclusive of any gender. It can mean having no gender identity; agender. Or it can mean having a gender identity that is neutral: not female, not male, not a mix; compare neutrois. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 12.36% (1390) of the responses said they were neutral, transneutral, gender neutral, neutral gender, or other similar words.[3]
  • genderqueer[2] is a non-normative gender identity or expression. This can be an umbrella term, or a specific identity. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 29.12% (3274) of the responses called themselves genderqueer.[3]
  • gendervoid.[2] Coined by Baaphomett in 2014. "A gender consisting of the void (also/originally used to mean the same thing as genderless)."[52] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 0.80% (90) of the responses said they were gendervoid, voidgender, or void.[3]

H

A Pakistani hijra at a protest between two hijra groups from Islamabad and Rawalpindi. 2008.
  • hijra. In south Asian countries including India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, the hijra are people who were assigned male at birth, who have a feminine gender expression. Some seek castration. Hijras live together communally. They often have an important role in religious practice. They can be Hindu or Muslim. Hijra traditions are ancient. The earliest mention of hijras is in the Kama Sutra, from 400 BCE to 300 CE.[53] Franciscan travelers wrote about seeing hijras in the 1650s.[54] From the 1850s onward, the British Raj criminalized and tried to exterminate hijras.[55][56] Since the late 20th century, hijra activists and non-government organizations have lobbied for official recognition of the hijra as a legal sex other than male or female. This is important for them to be able to have passports, travel, hold jobs, and other rights. They have been successful at achieving legal recognition as another gender in Nepal, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh.[57][58][59][60][61][62] The Hijra in India alone may number as many as 2,000,000 today.[63] No respondents to the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census were hijra.[3]

M

Papa Moe (Mysterious Water), an oil painting by the Westerner, Paul Gauguin, from 1893. It depicts a māhū in Tahiti drinking from a waterfall.[64][65]
  • māhū. In the Kanaka Maoli (Hawaiian) and Maohi (Tahitian) cultures, the māhū (meaning "in the middle") is a traditional gender role outside of the Western concept of gender. It is made of people who may have been assigned either male or female at birth. This tradition existed before Western invaders.[66] The first published description of māhū is from 1789.[67] From 1820 onward, Westerners stigmatized and criminalized māhū.[68] Māhū still exist today,[66] and play an important role in preserving and reviving Polynesian culture.[69][70] This identity term was underrepresented in the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, which had one māhū respondent.[3]
  • maverique.[2] Coined by Vesper H. (queerascat) in 2014. A specific nonbinary gender identity "characterized by autonomy and inner conviction regarding a sense of self that is entirely independent of male/masculinity, female/femininity or anything which derives from the two while still being neither without gender nor of a neutral gender."[71] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 0.64% (72) of the responses said they were maverique or mavrique.[3]

N

Photograph taken during the Paris Gay Pride March in 2016. The banner is printed with the colors of the nonbinary flag. The big letters say "My gender is nonbinary," with dozens of names of specific nonbinary identities listed in smaller letters in the background.
  • neutrois.[2] Coined by a neutrois person named H. A. Burnham in 1995.[72] Having one non-binary gender identity that is neutral. Not female, not male, and not a mix. Some neutrois people are transsexual, experience gender dysphoria, and want to get a physical transition.[73] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 3.54% (398) of the responses were neutrois.[3]
  • nonbinary[2] is an umbrella term for all who don't identify as just female or male. Though there are innumarble kinds of nonbinary identities, some people identify as "nonbinary" only. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 68.37% (7686) of the responses used the word nonbinary for their identity, or for part of their identity.[3]
  • non-gendered. Having no gender. An identity popularized by non-gendered activist Christie Elan-Cane since at least 2000.[74] This identity term was underrepresented in the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, in which 7 of the responses called themselves non-gendered, nongendered, or non gendered.[3]

P

  • polygender.[2] Having several gender identities, particularly four or more of them. This can mean at different times, or at the same time.[75] This identity term was underrepresented in the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, in which 24 of the responses were polygender.[3]
  • pangender (from Greek πᾶν/pân "all, the whole"). A pangender person is a person who considers themselves as a member of all genders.[76] This identity term was underrepresented in the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, in which 19 of the responses were polygender.[3]

Q

Pride marchers carrying a banner that says "Queer is hot, war is not." Twin Cities, 2013.
  • queer.[2] A reclaimed slur for the LGBT+ community, and an umbrella term for identities that are not heterosexual and/or not cisgender. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 43.46% (4886) of the responses used the word "queer" as an identity label, some of which used it as their only label for their identity. 72.74% (8177) responses used the word queer in total, including those where it was part of another identity term, such as genderqueer, neuroqueer, or queerdo.[3]

T

Two-spirited pride marchers at San Francisco Pride 2014.
  • third gender. A concept in which individuals are categorized, either by themselves, by their society, or by outsiders to their society, as not fitting into the Western ideas of binary gender and heterosexual roles. The phrase "third gender" has been used for a wide variety of meanings: intersex people whose bodies do not fit outdated Western medical concepts of binary sex, hundreds of indigenous societal roles as described (and often misrepresented) by Western anthropologists (including indigenous identities such as south Asian hijras, Hawaiian and Tahitian māhū, and Native American identities now called Two-Spirits),[77] transgender people who are nonbinary, homosexual people even in Western societies,[78][79][80] and women who were considered to be gender-nonconforming because they fought for women's rights.[81] In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 2.17% (244) of the responses called themselves third gender.[3]
  • transfeminine.[2] A transgender person who transitions in a feminine direction, but who doesn't necessarily identify as female. They may have a nonbinary identity. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 6.24% (702) of the responses were transfeminine.[3]
  • transgender[2] is an umbrella term that refers to people whose identity differs from their assigned gender at birth. Some nonbinary people also use this word about their identity. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 30.56% (3435) responses called themselves by the word transgender. 11,916 responses called themselves by some form of the words trans, trans*, transsexual, transmasculine, transfeminine, trans nonbinary, and other variations on trans.[3]
  • transmasculine.[2] A transgender person who transitions in a masculine direction, but who doesn't necessarily identify as male. They may have a nonbinary identity. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 19.8% (2226) of the responses were transmasculine, trans masculine, trans masc, or transmasc.[3]
  • Two-spirit. "Berdache" was an old word used by European-American anthropologists. Berdache was an umbrella term for all traditional gender and sexual identities in all cultures throughout the Americas that were outside of Western ideas of binary gender and heterosexual roles. These identities included the nádleeh in Diné (Navajo),[82][83][84] and the lhamana in Zuni,[85] among many others. In 1990, an Indigenous lesbian and gay international gathering chose to internationally replace "berdache" with "Two-Spirit" as a preferable umbrella term for these identities.[86][87] Two-Spirit was chosen to distance these identities from non-Natives,[88] and should only be used for people who are Native American, because it is for identities that must be contextualized in Native cultures.[89][90] Because of the wide variety of identities under the Two-Spirit umbrella, a Two-Spirit person does not necessarily have an identity analogous to a non-Native nonbinary gender identity. Some do, but others are more analogous to non-Native gay male or lesbian woman identities. Notable people who identify specifically with the label "Two-Spirit" include Menominee poet Chrystos (b. 1946), who goes by they/them pronouns,[91][92][93] and Ojibwe artist Raven Davis (b. 1975), who goes by neutral pronouns.[94][95] This identity term was underrepresented in the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, in which 0.18% (20) of the responses called themselves Two Spirit or Two-Spirit.[3]

X

X-gender manga artist Yuu Watase at Lucca Comics 2004 in Italy.
  • xenogender. Coined by Baaphomett in 2014. "A gender that cannot be contained by human understandings of gender; more concerned with crafting other methods of gender categorization and hierarchy such as those relating to animals, plants, or other creatures/things."[96] An umbrella term for many nonbinary gender identities defined in reference to very different ideas than female or male. In the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, 0.35% (40) of the responses called themselves "xenogender." Far more called themselves by specific genders under the xenogender umbrella, though that is hard to quantify or differentiate.[3]
  • X-gender (Ｘジェンダー, ekkusujendā). In Japan, this is a common transgender identity that isn't female or male, much as the words "genderqueer" and "nonbinary" has come to be in the English-speaking world, to such a degree that "X-gender" is typically used as the Japanese translation for these.[97] Therefore, a person does not need to be Japanese to be X-gender. The term "X-gender" began to be used during the latter 1990s, popularized by writings published by queer organizations in Kansai, in Osaka and Kyoto.[98]S.P.F. Dale. "An Introduction to X-Jendā:

Examining a New Gender Identity in Japan." Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific Issue 31, December 2012. http://intersections.anu.edu.au/issue31/dale.htm</ref> Notable X-gender people include manga artist Yuu Watase (渡瀬 悠宇), who created the comics Fushigi Yūgi and Ceres, Celestial Legend.[99] In April and May of 2019, Japan LGBT Research Institute Inc. conducted an online survey. It collected a total of 348,000 valid responses from people aged 20 to 69, not all of whom were LGBT. 2.5% of the respondents called themselves X-gender.[100] This identity term was underrepresented in the 2019 Worldwide Gender Census, in which 4 of the responses called themselves X-gender or Ｘジェンダー.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Richards, Christina; Barker, Meg (2013). Sexuality and Gender for Mental Health Professionals: A Practical Guide. SAGE Publications. ISBN 9781446293133.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 NB/GQ Survey 2016 - the worldwide results, March 2016.
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 https://gendercensus.com/post/183843963445/gender-census-2019-the-worldwide-tldr
  4. ↑ "angxl hxze on Twitter", February 14, 2015
  5. ↑ "angxl hxze on Twitter", February 14, 2015
  6. ↑ Kuttner, Amita (2019). "Identity in Politics". amitakuttner.ca. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  7. ↑ Instagram bio accessed 1 June 2020
  8. ↑ Twitter bio
  9. ↑ "Androgyne." Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved July 5, 2020. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/androgyne
  10. ↑ Raphael Carter, "Not this, not that: A meditation on labels." July 14, 1996. Androgyny RAQ (Rarely Asked Questions) (personal site). https://web.archive.org/web/20041209234238/http://www.chaparraltree.com/raq/notthis.shtml
  11. ↑ Katz, Jonathan Ned. "Transgender Memoir of 1921 Found". Humanities and Social Sciences Online. N.p., 10 October 2010. Web. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  12. ↑ Anonymous asked: "could I ask the etymology of the prefix apora- ?", posted October 2014.
  13. ↑ Aporagender, date unknown, captured April 2016.
  14. ↑ The since-deleted post in the mogai-archive blog where this word was coined: http://mogai-archive.tumblr.com/post/93477063574/auti-s-gender Another blog's archive of that lost blog post: http://purrloinsucks.tumblr.com/post/95723823254/autisgender An archive of that archive: https://archive.is/BTFMN#selection-489.0-489.14
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 Laura Erickson-Schroth, ed. Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community. Oxford University Press, 2014. P. 612.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Schneider, M., et al, American Psychological Association, APA Task Force on Gender Identity, Gender Variance, and Intersex Conditions, 2008 Answers to Your Questions About Transgender People, Gender Identity, And Gender Expression (PDF), date unknown, captured April 2016.
  17. ↑ Eyler, A.E.; Wright, K. (1997). "Gender Identification and Sexual Orientation Among Genetic Females with Gender-Blended Self-Perception in Childhood and Adolescence". International Journal of Transgenderism.
  18. ↑ Clements, K. "The Transgender Community Health Project." San Francisco Department of Public Health. 1999. http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=cftg-02-02
  19. ↑ Pecíková, Laura. "Prelomil/a B-complex: Keď som muž, tak som Maťo, keď žena, tak Matia" [B-complex explained: When I'm a man, I'm Mato, when a woman, Matia]. Denník N (in Slovak). Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  20. ↑ http://rblemberg.net/?page_id=16
  21. ↑ @RB_Lemberg (July 25, 2018). "@bogiperson is my spouseperson and Mati the Child is our childperson. We are all #ActuallyAutistic :) I forgot to mention that I am bigender and use the pronoun "they." Good to see you here - come say hello if you feel like it! <3" – via Twitter.
  22. ↑ "Writing from a Place of Truth". Diversity in YA. Retrieved 2 May 2020. I’m bigender, identifying as both a mostly-hetero female and a gay male.
  23. ↑ The A-Z of Gender and Sexuality. 2019. p. 56. ISBN 9781784506636.
  24. ↑ http://genderqueerid.com/post/52144260437/hello-i-once-heard-somebody-say-the-term-boi
  25. ↑ "bklyn boihood." https://prezi.com/ybttsym4mewd/bklyn-boihood/
  26. ↑ Riley, "Don't call me butch: What kind of lez are you?" September 21, 2011. Lez Get Real. http://web.archive.org/web/20140116213509/http://lezgetreal.com/2011/09/dont-call-me-butch-what-kind-of-lez-are-you/ (archive)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Levitt, Heidi (February 2003). "The Misunderstood Gender: A Model of Modern Femme Identity". Sex Roles. 48 (3/4): 99–113. doi:10.1023/A:1022453304384. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
  28. ↑ Kennedy, Elizabeth Lapovsky; Madeline D. Davis (1993). Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community. New York: Routledge. pp. 82–86. ISBN 0-415-90293-2.
  29. ↑ Leslie Feinberg, Transgender Warriors: Making History from Joan of Arc to RuPaul. Boston: Beacon Press, 1996. p. x.
  30. ↑ Henry Rubin, Self-Made Men: Identity and Embodiment Among Transsexual Men. Vanderbilt University Press, 2003. P. 79.
  31. ↑ Jack Halberstam, Female Masculinity, Durham: Duke University, 2018. p. 122.
  32. ↑ Henry Rubin, Self-Made Men: Identity and Embodiment Among Transsexual Men. Vanderbilt University Press, 2003. P. 24.
  33. ↑ Jack Halberstam, Female Masculinity, Durham: Duke University, 2018. p. xi.
  34. ↑ Why we need gender-neutral bathrooms, Ivan Coyote, November 2015
  35. ↑ "Gender Landmines: Trans Masculinities, Femininities, and Binaries: A Review of Ivan Coyote and Rae Spoon's Gender Failure". Casey the Canadian Lesbrarian. 7 July 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  36. ↑ https://abcbookworld.com/writer/coyote-ivan-e/
  37. ↑ Guerrero, Desirée (21 April 2020). "Genderqueer Comic Kelli Dunham On Getting (Thee) Away From a Nunnery". The Advocate. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  38. ↑ https://www.instagram.com/thefatsextherapist/
  39. ↑ Definitions Master List, asexualityorg proboards, posted August 2012, captured April 2016.
  40. ↑ AVEN: Definitions Master List
  41. ↑ vector (revolutionator). Untitled post, September 2013. revolutionator's blog is password-protected, but the post has been reblogged many times, eg: here, date unknown, captured April 2016.
  42. ↑ William Kremer (18 February 2014). "The evolutionary puzzle of homosexuality". BBC News. Retrieved 10 April 2020.
  43. ↑ Tan, Yvette (September 1, 2016). "Samoa's 'third gender' beauty pageant" – via www.bbc.com.
  44. ↑ Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "3. – Gender diversity – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand". teara.govt.nz.
  45. ↑ "Fa'afafine: Boys Raised to be Girls ten minute news video about faafafine in Australia". 26 August 2013. Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  46. ↑ Laura Erickson-Schroth, ed. Trans Bodies, Trans Selves: A Resource for the Transgender Community. Oxford University Press, 2014. P. 613.
  47. ↑ Raymond, Gerard (July 11, 2018). "Interview: Kate Bornstein on Their Broadway Debut in Straight White Men". Slant Magazine. Retrieved May 16, 2020.
  48. ↑ @sassafraslowrey (11 October 2019). "and to have made a core aspect of my career around writing the queerest books and stories I can imagine. Happy #NationalComingOutDay Queerly yours a: #runaway, formerly #homeless, #genderqueer, #trans, #femme, #queer, #polyamorous, #asexual, #little, #leather boy" – via Twitter.
  49. ↑ {{Cite web |title=PEOPLE: Why Sharon daVanport built a support network for autistic women and nonbinary people |author= |work=Echo Chamber Escape |date=May 26, 2020 |access-date=May 28, 2020 |url= https://echochamberescape.com/2020/05/26/people-why-sharon-davanport-built-a-support-network-for-autistic-women-and-nonbinary-people
  50. ↑ @Dev_Blair (25 January 2018). "Starting 2 prefer "they" pronouns because so many people wanna equate "she" pronouns w/ me being a woman n that's not really what I mean when I say non-binary femme-what I mean is my gender is neither male nor female but I do strongly align with femininity" – via Twitter.
  51. ↑ "Genderflux Information and Resources". Archived from the original on 21 March 2016.
  52. ↑ archive of the since-deleted post on MOGAI-archive: http://purrloinsucks.tumblr.com/post/95720973644/masterpost-of-genders-coined-by-baaphomett archive of that archive: https://archive.is/yULU0#selection-169.2-169.93
  53. ↑ Sengupta, J. (2006). Refractions of Desire, Feminist Perspectives in the Novels of Toni Morrison, Michèle Roberts, and Anita Desai. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 21. ISBN 9788126906291. Retrieved 7 December 2014. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  54. ↑ Donald Lach. Asia in the Making of Europe, Volume III: A Century of Advance. Book 2, South Asia. University of Chicago, 1998.
  55. ↑ Laurence W. Preston. "A Right to Exist: Eunuchs and the State in Nineteenth-Century India." Modern Asian Studies (journal), April 1987, vol. 21, issue 2, pp. 371–387 doi=10.1017/S0026749X00013858 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231903575
  56. ↑ Reddy, Gayatri. (2005). With respect to sex : negotiating hijra identity in South India. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-70754-9. OCLC 655225261.
  57. ↑ Reddy, Gayatri, With Respect to Sex: Negotiating Hijra Identity in South India, 310 pp., University of Chicago Press, 2005 ISBN 0-226-70755-5 (see p. 8)
  58. ↑ "India's third gender gets own identity in voter rolls", Harmeet Shah Singh, CNN.com, Nov. 2009
  59. ↑ Mitch Kellaway. "Trans Indian's Predicament at Border Shows the U.S. Lags Behind." May 9, 2015. Advocate. http://www.advocate.com/politics/transgender/2015/05/09/trans-indian-womans-predicament-border-shows-us-lags-behind
  60. ↑ "Pakistan Recognizes Third Gender", Ria Misra, Politics Daily, Dec. 2009
  61. ↑ "Hijras now a separate gender", Mohosinul Karim, Dhaka Tribune, Nov. 2013
  62. ↑ http://www.attn.com/stories/868/transgender-passport-status
  63. ↑ Reddy, Gayatri, With Respect to Sex: Negotiating Hijra Identity in South India, 310 pp., University of Chicago Press, 2005 ISBN 0-226-70755-5 (see p. 8)
  64. ↑ Mario Vargas Llosa. "The men-women of the Pacific." Tate Britain. http://www.tate.org.uk/context-comment/articles/men-women-pacific
  65. ↑ Stephen F. Eisenman. Gauguin's Skirt. 1997.
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 The men-women of the Pacific, tate.org.uk/Tate Britain, archive URL 6 March 2015.
  67. ↑ William Bligh. Bounty Logbook. Thursday, January 15, 1789.
  68. ↑ Aleardo Zanghellini. "Sodomy Laws and Gender Variance in Tahiti and Hawai'i." Laws Vol. 2, Issue 2 (2013), p. 51–68 doi: 10.3390/laws2020051
  69. ↑ Besnier, Niko, Alexeyeff, Kalissa. Gender on the edge : transgender, gay, and other Pacific islanders. Honolulu, 2014 isbn=9780824840198
  70. ↑ Carol E. Robertson. 1989 "The Māhū of Hawai'i." Feminist Studies. volume 15, issue 2, pages=318. doi=10.2307/3177791 issn=0046-3663 jstor=3177791
  71. ↑ maverique, Vesper H. (queerascat), June 2014, captured April 2016.
  72. ↑ Axey, Qwill, Rave, and Luscious Daniel, eds. “FAQ.” Neutrois Outpost. Last updated 2000-11-23. Retrieved 2001-03-07. [1]
  73. ↑ Define, Neutrois Nonsense, date unknown, captured April 2016.
  74. ↑ The Fallacy of the Myth of Gender, Christie Elan-Cane, USA and London Gendys Conference, 2000 [2]
  75. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20161015190830/http://polygender.co.uk/polygenfaq.htm
  76. ↑ http://gender.wikia.com/wiki/Pangender
  77. ↑ Julia Serano, Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity. Unpaged.
  78. ↑ Trumbach, Randolph. (1998) Sex and the Gender Revolution. Volume 1: Heterosexuality and the Third Gender in Enlightenment London. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1998. (Chicago Series on Sexuality, History & Society)
  79. ↑ Ross, E. Wayne (2006). The Social Studies Curriculum: Purposes, Problems, and Possibilities. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-6909-5.
  80. ↑ Kennedy, Hubert C. (1980) The "third sex" theory of Karl Heinrich Ulrichs, Journal of Homosexuality. 1980–1981 Fall–Winter; 6(1–2): pp. 103–1
  81. ↑ Wright, B. D. (1987). ""New Man," Eternal Woman: Expressionist Responses to German Feminism". The German Quarterly. 60 (4): 582–599. doi:10.2307/407320. JSTOR 407320.
  82. ↑ Franc Johnson Newcomb (1980-06). Hosteen Klah: Navaho Medicine Man and Sand Painter. University of Oklahoma Press. Template:ISBN.
  83. ↑ Lapahie, Harrison, Jr. Hosteen Klah (Sir Left Handed). Lapahie.com. 2001 (retrieved 19 Oct 2009)
  84. ↑ Berlo, Janet C. and Ruth B. Phillips. Native North American Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Template:ISBN . pg. 34
  85. ↑ Matilda Coxe Stevenson, The Zuni Indians: Their Mythology, Esoteric Fraternities, and Ceremonies, (BiblioBazaar, 2010) p. 380
  86. ↑ "Two Spirit 101" at NativeOut. Accessed 23 Sep 2015
  87. ↑ Eve Shapiro, Gender circuits: Bodies and identities in a technological age. Unpaged.
  88. ↑ de Vries, Kylan Mattias (2009). "Berdache (Two-Spirit)". In O'Brien, Jodi (ed.). Encyclopedia of gender and society. Los Angeles: SAGE. p. 64. ISBN 9781412909167. Retrieved 6 March 2015. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  89. ↑ "A Spirit of Belonging, Inside and Out". The New York Times. 8 Oct 2006. Retrieved 28 July 2016. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  90. ↑ Vowel, Chelsea (2016). "All My Queer Relations - Language, Culture, and Two-Spirit Identity". Indigenous Writes: A Guide to First Nations, Métis & Inuit Issues in Canada. Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada: Highwater Press. ISBN 978-1553796800. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  91. ↑ "Chrystos". PoetryFoundation.org. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
  92. ↑ Brehm, Victoria (1998). "Urban Survivor Stories: The Poetry of Chrystos". Studies in American Indian Literatures. 10 (1): 73–82. ISSN 0730-3238. JSTOR 20739440.
  93. ↑ Sorrel, Lorraine (March 31, 1989). "Review: Not Vanishing". off our backs. 19 (3).
  94. ↑ "Newsletter.May2015.pdf" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-11-25. Retrieved 2015-11-25. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
  95. ↑ IT ALL STARTS WITH AWARENESS -LGBTQ DAY IN ESKASONI. http://kinu.ca/news Template:Webarchive
  96. ↑ "Masterpost of genders coined by Baaphomett." 2014. MOGAI Archive. [3]
  97. ↑ Marilyn Roxie. "Selected links on nonbinary gender in Japan." March 28, 2013. http://genderqueerid.com/post/46526429887/selected-links-on-non-binary-gender-in-japan
  98. ↑ "【ＸラウンジからNEWS！】参議院議員の尾辻かな子さんへのレインボー・アクションの陳情で、Ｘラウンジから要望書を提出しました。([NEWS from X Lounge! ] We submitted a request form from the X Lounge in response to a petition of Kanae Otsuji, a member of the House of Councilors, about the rainbow action.)" NPO Rainbow Action. May 30, 2013. http://rainbowaction.blog.fc2.com/blog-entry-122.html Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200221122651/http://rainbowaction.blog.fc2.com/blog-entry-122.html
  99. ↑ https://twitter.com/wataseyuu_/status/1130461270358908928 ブログでもここでも呟いたけど、再度。 漫画にも影響してると思うから。 私はXジェンダーと医師に診断されてて、中身は、男にも女にも寄れるし男でも女でもない。 見た目はちゃんと(20代後半から社会に合わせて)どうせやるならやるでメイクもオシャレもする、それだけ。 女性の身体は否定しないが→ I blogged here and again, but again. I think it also affects manga. I have been diagnosed by X-gender and a doctor, and the contents are neither men nor women, nor men or women. It looks just fine (according to society from the late 20s), and if you do it, you can make and be fashionable. I do not deny the female body カンガタリ:リマスター｣⑪発売中 渡瀬悠宇:新刊｢アラタ date 2019-05-20 @wataseyuu_ access-date=2019-08-16
  100. ↑ "Most people in Japan know LGBT but understanding limited." Kyodo News. December 11, 2019. Accessed July 5, 2020. https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2019/12/bf50b5f548d5-most-people-in-japan-know-lgbt-but-understanding-limited.html Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20200606152406/https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2019/12/bf50b5f548d5-most-people-in-japan-know-lgbt-but-understanding-limited.html
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