非二元性別

Nonbinary/zh-tw

« 我在這趟旅程中還在面對困惑與充滿疑問的狀態，但就算身在跨性別這大傘下充滿著很多艱難，我完全沒有任何後悔，並且對未來懷抱著無限希望。我還在學著愛我自己、活在超越二元的世界裡。 » — 杰, 19 歲 (非二元性別)

非二元性別，是一個傘狀詞（umbrella term），旗下包含了所有不能完全被二元性別涵蓋的性別認同或性別表達。這個詞彙也用來描述所有性別認同落在性別二元之外、不能明確被二元性別之一給定義的人。

Nonbinary falls under the umbrella term of transgender (meaning a gender identity different than one's sex assigned at birth). However, for various reasons, individual nonbinary people may or may not consider themselves transgender.

非二元這個傘狀詞彙跟性別酷兒這個詞有著類似的面向，所以有很多非二元者同時也覺得自己是性別酷兒。但是這兩個詞還是有不同的定義與內涵。此外，性別酷兒一詞比起非二元性別一詞更早被使用，至少早了十年。

凱・若宛（Kye Rowan）在 2014 年設計了非二元旗，如右圖所示。這個旗子意思是「是那些對性別酷兒旗沒有認同感的非二元者的象徵。這個旗子希望跟瑪麗蓮・若希（Marilyn Roxie）的性別酷兒旗並存，而不是取代它。這個旗子有四個條紋。從上到下，分別是黃色，白色，紫色，與黑色。黃色表示沒辦法被二元定義的性別，因為黃色通常是用來醒目標示自己的顏色。白色表示有多種或全部的性別的人，因為白色在光學上表示總和的顏色或光。紫色代表在女性與男性之間、或混合了女性與男性的性別，因為紫色是傳統代表男性與女性顏色的混合色。紫色也通常是表示流動或獨特的非二元者們。黑色則是表達沒有性別、活在性別之外的人，因為黑色在光學上是代表沒有顏色、沒有光的狀態。」非二元旗以及性別酷兒旗都是給非二元性別者可以選擇的選項，用來象徵他們自己，以及用不同方式來呈現非二元的性別。

歷史

本照片攝於2016年巴黎同志大遊行。這個布條以非二元旗的顏色印刷。大字寫著「我的性別是非二元」，背景中則有數十個比較小的字彙，各自寫著屬於非二元的各種性別身分的稱呼。

「見主文章「非二元性別的歷史」」

凱・若宛（Kye Rowan）在 2014 年設計了非二元旗，如右圖所示。這個旗子意思是「是那些對性別酷兒旗沒有認同感的非二元者的象徵。這個旗子希望跟瑪麗蓮・若希（Marilyn Roxie）的性別酷兒旗並存，而不是取代它。這個旗子有四個條紋。從上到下，分別是黃色，白色，紫色，與黑色。黃色表示沒辦法被二元定義的性別，因為黃色通常是用來醒目標示自己的顏色。白色表示有多種或全部的性別的人，因為白色在光學上表示總和的顏色或光。紫色代表在女性與男性之間、或混合了女性與男性的性別，因為紫色是傳統代表男性與女性顏色的混合色。紫色也通常是表示流動或獨特的非二元者們。黑色則是表達沒有性別、活在性別之外的人，因為黑色在光學上是代表沒有顏色、沒有光的狀態。」非二元旗以及性別酷兒旗都是給非二元性別者可以選擇的選項，用來象徵他們自己，以及用不同方式來呈現非二元的性別。

在 2014 年，「非二元」是 Facebook 上性別選項中 56 個選項的其中一個。

非二元身分認同

In 2014, the social media site Facebook began to allow users to set their profiles as any of 56 genders, one of which was called "nonbinary."

在非二元的傘狀詞彙下有一些常見的身分認同如下，僅為舉例，事實上並不限於這些：

「無性別」，也被稱為「無性」，「非性別」：沒有性別認同或沒有任何可以表達的性別（類似或有時可以互換的詞是：性別中立、中性） 「雌雄同體」，又稱「性別雌雄同體」：認同或表達落於二元男女性別或陽剛與陰柔之間（有時可互換的詞是：交織性別） 「性別中立」，也稱「中立性別」：有中性的性別認同或性別表達，或是使用性別中性代名詞 「性別酷兒」：非典型性別認同或性別表現。雖然性別酷兒一詞一開始是被當成一個大的傘狀總稱詞彙，但他也可以用來當成性別認同的一種。 「交織性別」：落於二元男女性別或陽剛與陰柔之間。 「中性」：非性別化的、中性的，通常（但並不是所有人都）也蘊含一種將性別特徵隱藏起來的渴望。 「非二元」：用來表示所有在二元性別之外、並且沒有更多更具體的認同的人。也用來表示有這種認同的人。此外也有一些人認同為非二元T、非二元跨女等身分。 「跨性別」：認同落在所有性別與性別氣質超出社會認定的順性別定義的人。（這個詞彙可以包含二元的跨性別與非二元的跨性別）

你可以在「非二元身分清單」當中閱讀更多

非二元性別表達與氣質

非二元性別並沒有單一的或所謂「正確」的表達方式。大部分的非二元性別者只是想要感到自在、對自己誠實，而不是追求會跟隨特定的性別角色。非二元者可能會有性別不安（gender dysphoria），也可能不會有，或是可能只經歷到身體的性別不安、或社會的性別不安的其中一種。非二元是一個很大的傘狀詞，下面有非常多不同的性別認同與性別氣質。不管非二元者選擇用什麼方式表現自己，展現氣質，展演自己的性別，都是應該受到尊崇的。

The word enby (plural enbies, derived from "N.B.," the initialism of "non-binary") is a common noun meaning "nonbinary person." It was coined by Tumblr user vector (revolutionator) in 2013 as the nonbinary common noun equivalent of "boy" or "girl." Due to that wording, some nonbinary people question whether it can also be used as a nonbinary common noun equivalent of "man" or "woman." The 2020 Gender Census shows that older nonbinary people less often call themselves enbies.

Nonbinary identities

There is more information about this topic here: list of nonbinary identities

Some of the more common identities under the nonbinary umbrella include:

• Agender, also called genderless or non-gendered, means having no gender identity.

• Androgyne (from Greek, meaning "man-woman") and has been used for many kinds of people who don't fit into the gender binary. Even a century ago, some people who called themselves androgynes saw themselves as a mix of male and female.

• Bigender people feel they have two genders at the same time, or moving back and forth between them at different times.

• Genderfluid people move between different gender identities, and sometimes expressions, at different times.

• Gender neutral or neutrois can mean being genderless, or it can mean having a gender identity that is not female, not male, and not a mix, but simply neutral.

• Genderqueer: Any gender identity or expression which is queer, in and of itself. That is, a gender which is transgressive and non-normative. This can be an umbrella term, or a specific identity. The word comes from 1995.

• Nonbinary means any gender outside the gender binary. That is, any identity which is not solely male or female all the time. Though there are many kinds of nonbinary identities, many people use this as the only name for their gender.

Nonbinary expression

There is no one right way to perform a nonbinary gender. Most nonbinary people are primarily motivated to do what feels comfortable and true to themselves, rather than attempting to follow any particular gender role. Whichever way any particular nonbinary person needs or chooses to present, express, or perform their gender is as valid as any other.

Nonbinary people may or may not experience gender dysphoria, or may experience only bodily or social dysphoria. Some nonbinary people choose to transition by making social and physical changes that suit them better. Other nonbinary people do not make life changes that they see as part of the transition narrative. Some feel that there is no social role or body to "transition" to, and so simply focus on being themselves. Some nonbinary people choose or need to present an androgynous or gender neutral gender expression, and others do not. Some nonbinary people wear clothing that could be seen as crossdressing, and some nonbinary people do not. Some nonbinary people prefer to be referred to using gender neutral language, titles, and pronouns. Other nonbinary people are comfortable with being called by gendered language.

All of these are completely individual choices based on what any one nonbinary person personally feels they want to, need to, or must do in order to feel more comfortable and more like themselves.

Notable nonbinary people

Cartoonist Rebecca Sugar at the Peabody Awards in 2019.

See main article: Notable nonbinary people

There are many more notable people who have a gender identity outside of the binary. The following are only some of those notable people who specifically use the word "nonbinary" for themselves.

• Olly Alexander, the lead singer and songwriter for electropop band Years and Years.
• Kate Bornstein, an influential writer on gender theory, publishing books on the subject from the 1990s to the present.
• Amandla Stenberg, a singer and actor who has won the BET Awards for YoungStar Award.
• Rebecca Sugar (a nonbinary woman) is a writer, songwriter, and artist whose work on the cartoon series Adventure Time and Steven Universe has earned her six Primetime Emmy Award nominations.
• Sam Smith, a renowned English singer, Grammy winner and nominee. They came out as non-binary and changed their pronouns to they/them in September of 2019.
• Demi Lovato, an American singer, songwriter, and actor, came out as non-binary and changed their pronouns to they/them in May of 2021.

Nonbinary characters in fiction

See main article: Nonbinary gender in fiction

「小元（enby）」一詞的使用

• Ben De Backer in I Wish You All The Best is nonbinary. (Their sister is accepting but the rest of the family isn't.) The author, Mason Deaver, is also nonbinary.
• Several characters in Crooked Words, an anthology by K.A. Cook.
• The character Lark in Divided Worlds and The Ascension of Lark, by Jennifer Ridge
• An Unkindness of Ghosts, by Rivers Solomon. The author has said of a character in the book, "Theo is a nonbinary trans woman. These are my interpretations, but arguments could certainly be made for other classifiers."
• First Spring Grass Fire, by Rae Spoon, tells the story of a nonbinary child growing up.
• Lelia in The Lost Coast, by Amy Rose Capetta, is a nonbinary gray-asexual, and described as such in the text.
• The 2019 YA book In the Silences has many characters who self-define as nonbinary, including the protagonist.
• Robot Hugs - semi-autobiographical webcomic by an author of nonbinary gender, which frequently addresses nonbinary issues and other aspects of gender politics. Also frequently covers the subject of mental health. Updates twice weekly.
• Phoebe and her Unicorn by Dana Simpson has a nonbinary character named Infernus, the Unicorn of Death. Phoebe uses the pronoun "neigh" for Infernus.
• In John Wick 3, the Adjudicator is nonbinary and played by Asia Kate Dillon, who is also nonbinary.
• Bishop in the Fox drama series Deputy is nonbinary canonically, thanks to a suggestion by the character's actor Bex Taylor-Klaus who is also nonbinary.
• Couple-ish, a light-hearted rom-com webseries, features a nonbinary main character (Dee). Dee goes by they/them/their pronouns, and explicitly describes themselves as nonbinary in one episode.
• Invader Zim, Jhonen Vasquez comfirmed all irkens are neither male or female, stating "the only IRKEN gender is A55H0LE. all caps."
• Ana On The Edge, by a nonbinary author, tells the story of a teen named Ana who is navigating their gender.

「小元（enby, 複數型為 enbies，源自 N-B）」是一個可以用來稱呼非二元者的暱稱。最早可能是起源於 Tumblr，有些非二元者用這個簡短稱呼來與「小男孩 boy」或「小女孩 girl」並列。也因此，有些人認為這個暱稱並不能完全用來稱呼所有非二元者，比較像是稱呼一些青少年或較年輕的非二元者。《2020 年性別共識》當中也顯示出在年紀愈增的非二元者群體中，使用「小元」自稱的比例愈低。

• Gender-variant identities worldwide
• Gender designation in different cultures
• Gender neutral language
• Glossary of English gender and sex terminology

References